Abstract: The present application provides a method of quantifying an amount of a derivatized peptide displayed on a phage by phage display, the method comprising: providing a phage containing a target peptide thereon; reacting the phage containing the target peptide with a first reagent to derivatize the target peptide to form a derivatized peptide, reacting the derivatized peptide with a capture agent comprising a detection marker, thereby incorporating the detection marker within the derivatized peptide; and determining an amount of the detection marker, thereby quantifying the amount of the derivatized peptide dis-played on the phage. A kit comprising a capture agent compris-ing a detection marker for quantifying the phage displayed derivatized peptides is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming a macrocyclic peptide bearing a pharmacophore and said produced macrocyclic peptide, wherein the method comprises the steps of: reacting a peptide with two thiol groups of cysteine side chains with the reactive compound 1,5-dichloropentanedion-2,4. The reaction between the reactive compound and the peptide produces an 1,3-diketone-containing macrocyclic polypeptide. The macrocycle with a 1,3-diketone group is then modified by reaction of said macrocycle with an alkyl or aryl hydrazine group bearing a pharmacophore in benign aqueous conditions. The macrocycles may be displayed in a library, such as a phage display library, and used to biopan for affinity against a selected target.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bicyclic peptide complex comprising a peptide construct, said construct comprising (i) a polypeptide with free terminus (N or C); (ii) optionally, a nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide; (iii) a twofold-symmetric linker (TSL) compound attached to said polypeptide where the linker is attached to the terminus of polypeptide via a covalent bond and to at least two discrete side chains of the peptide. The invention also relates to libraries, and to methods for making complexes and to methods of screening using the same.

Abstract: Described here is a composition comprising amphiphilic silica nanoparticles, wherein the silica nanoparticles are partially fluorinated. Also described here is a method for droplet-based assay, comprising dispersing at least one aqueous droplet in a continuous fluorous phase in a microfluidic channel, wherein at least one amphiphilic silica nanoparticle is absorbed to the interface of the continuous fluorous phase and the aqueous droplet, and wherein the silica nanoparticle is partially fluorinated. Further described here is a method for droplet-based assay, comprising dispersing at least one aqueous phase droplet in a continuous fluorous phase in a microfluidic channel, wherein the continuous fluorous phase comprises at least one partially fluorinated amphiphilic particle adsorbed to an interface of the continuous fluorous phase and the aqueous phase droplet, and wherein the aqueous phase droplet comprises at least one hydrophilic polymer adsorbed to the amphiphilic particle at the interface.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a porous support for parallel organic synthesis comprising: a solvophilic area for spotting an organic solvent comprising a reagent for synthesizing an organic compound. and a solvophobic area that repels the organic solvent. Methods of synthesizing the support and compounds thereon are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a binding assay that employs an activatable dormant bacteriophage carrying a reporter gene to qualitatively or quantitatively detect the presence of a substance of interest in a sample. Also provided is a simple culture device that is designed for manufacture and use in areas of limited resources. The device is useful for cell culture in such environments with limited resources because cells grow in paper just as they do in a culture dish.

Abstract: The present application provides a method of synthesizing a genetically-encoded chemical modification of a peptide library. A vector in a substrate, such as a phage, is modified to include a peptide linker and a modification to form a genetic “barcode”. The barcode is screened against potential targets which may be used in drug discovery.

Abstract: The present application provides a method of producing a “liquid” array of ligand (such as glycan) modified bacteriophage where the ligand modification is encoded genetically within the bacteriophage genome. This method will allow for the determination of the ligand binding profile of biomacromolecules and cells. Furthermore the method allows the elucidation of ligand-protein interactions where ligand binding is co-operative and synergistic.

Abstract: The present application provides a method of quantifying an amount of a derivatized peptide displayed on a phage by phage display, the method comprising: providing a phage containing a target peptide thereon; reacting the phage containing the target peptide with a first reagent to derivatize the target peptide to form a derivatized peptide, reacting the derivatized peptide with a capture agent comprising a detection marker, thereby incorporating the detection marker within the derivatized peptide; and determining an amount of the detection marker, thereby quantifying the amount of the derivatized peptide dis-played on the phage. A kit comprising a capture agent compris-ing a detection marker for quantifying the phage displayed derivatized peptides is also provided.

Abstract: The present application provides a method of quantifying an amount of a derivatized peptide displayed on a phage by phage display, the method comprising: providing a phage containing the target peptide thereon; reacting the phage containing the target peptide with a first reagent to derivatize the target peptide to form a derivatized peptide, reacting the derivatized peptide with a capture agent comprising a detection marker, thereby incorporating the detection marker within the derivatized peptide; and determining an amount of the detection marker, thereby quantifying the amount of the derivatized peptide displayed on the phage. A kit comprising a capture agent comprising a detection marker for quantifying the phage displayed derivatized peptides is also provided.

Abstract: The present application provides a method of synthesizing a genetically-encoded chemical modification of a peptide library. A vector in a substrate, such as a phage, is modified to include a peptide linker and a modification to form a genetic “barcode”. The barcode is screened against potential targets which may be used in drug discovery.

Abstract: Three-dimensional cellular arrays, methods of making three-dimensional cellular arrays, and methods of identifying agents using the arrays are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to amplification of biological entities, for example, for phage display. In one aspect, members of a library of biological entities are encapsulated in separate compartments (e.g., in separate microfluidic droplets) and amplified. As a specific example, by putting members of a phage display library into microfluidic droplets such that no droplet contains more than one member of the library, the library can be amplified without any substantial changes in growth rates or population distributions, or other artifacts created due to differences in growth rates or amplification between different members of the library. In some cases, the volume of the compartments can be used to control the copy number of a biological entity during amplification. In certain cases, biological entities with different amplification rates can be amplified independently of each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple culture device that is designed for manufacture and use in areas of limited resources. The device is useful for cell culture in such environments with limited resources because cells grow in paper just as they do in a culture dish. Also provided is a binding assay that employs an activatable dormant bacteriophage carrying a reporter gene to qualitatively or quantitatively detect the presence of a substance of interest in a sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple culture device that is designed for manufacture and use in areas of limited resources. The device is useful for cell culture in such environments with limited resources because cells grow in paper just as they do in a culture dish. Also provided is a binding assay that employs an activatable dormant bacteriophage carrying a reporter gene to qualitatively or quantitatively detect the presence of a substance of interest in a sample.

Abstract: Embodiments of various aspects described herein are directed to amplification of biological entities, for example, for phage display. In one aspect, members of a library of biological entities are encapsulated in separate compartments (e.g., in separate microfluidic droplets) and amplified. For example, by putting members of a phage display library into microfluidic droplets such that no droplet contains more than one member of the library, the library can be amplified without any substantial changes in population distributions, or other artifacts created due to differences in growth rates or amplification between different members of the library. In some cases, the volume of the compartments can be used to control the copy number of a biological entity during amplification. This can be advantageous, for example, in preserving diversity within a library by preventing rapidly amplifying biological entities from outcompeting slowly amplifying biological entities.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a porous support for parallel organic synthesis comprising: a solvophilic area for spotting an organic solvent comprising a reagent for synthesizing an organic compound, and a solvophobic area that repels the organic solvent. Methods of synthesizing the support and compounds thereon are also provided.

Abstract: Described here is a composition comprising amphiphilic silica nanoparticles, wherein the silica nanoparticles are partially fluorinated. Also described here is a method for droplet-based assay, comprising dispersing at least one aqueous droplet in a continuous fluorous phase in a microfluidic channel, wherein at least one amphiphilic silica nanoparticle is absorbed to the interface of the continuous fluorous phase and the aqueous droplet, and wherein the silica nanoparticle is partially fluorinated. Further described here is a method for droplet-based assay, comprising dispersing at least one aqueous phase droplet in a continuous fluorous phase in a microfluidic channel, wherein the continuous fluorous phase comprises at least one partially fluorinated amphiphilic particle adsorbed to an interface of the continuous fluorous phase and the aqueous phase droplet, and wherein the aqueous phase droplet comprises at least one hydrophilic polymer adsorbed to the amphiphilic particle at the interface.

Abstract: The present application provides a method of quantifying an amount of a derivatized peptide displayed on a phage by phage display, the method comprising: providing a phage containing the target peptide thereon; reacting the phage containing the target peptide with a first reagent to derivatize the target peptide to form a derivatized peptide, reacting the derivatized peptide with a capture agent comprising a detection marker, thereby incorporating the detection marker within the derivatized peptide; and determining an amount of the detection marker, thereby quantifying the amount of the derivatized peptide displayed on the phage. A kit comprising a capture agent comprising a detection marker for quantifying the phage displayed derivatized peptides is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple culture device that is designed for manufacture and use in areas of limited resources. The device is useful for cell culture in such environments with limited resources because cells grow in paper just as they do in a culture dish. Also provided is a binding assay that employs an activatable dormant bacteriophage carrying a reporter gene to qualitatively or quantitatively detect the presence of a substance of interest in a sample.