Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the combustion of a fuel and an oxidant, in which at least one jet of fuel and at least two jets of oxidant are injected. According to the invention, at least one first oxidant is injected at a distance I1, at most 20 cm, from the fuel injection point and at least one second oxidant is injected at a distance I2 from the fuel injection point, I2 being greater than I1. The aforementioned oxidants are injected in quantities such that the sum of the quantities thereof is at least equal to the stoichiometric quantity of oxidant necessary in order to ensure the combustion of the injected fuel. Moreover, the first oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having a temperature of at most 200 DEG C. and the second oxidant is air preheated to a temperature of at least 300 DEG C.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for melting a composition of raw materials including introducing the composition in an oven to form a layer (2) at the surface of the molten pool (4). An oxycombustion burner (10) is arranged above the pool and directed towards the composition layer (2) to produce a melting front (3). Parameters of the burner are adjusted to produce a large covering flame (12) causing an essentially radiation-based thermal transfer. Additionally, a plane containing a longitudinal section of the flame (Z-Z) and a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the oven (X-X) intersects the melting front (3) at a height (h) included ranging between one third and half of the thickness of the composition (e). Such a method provides for a stable operation of the oven and is particularly adapted to a large-capacity oven.

Abstract: Solid particulate fuels are combusted with a primary oxidant stream of industrially pure oxygen and a secondary oxidant stream of industrially pure oxygen optionally mixed with a portion of recycled flue gas. The fuel is conveyed with a carrier gas of air or recycled flue gas. An oxygen concentration out of the total amount of the fuel stream and the primary and secondary oxidant streams is 40-63% by mass or 47-70% by volume.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for melting a composition of raw materials including introducing the composition in an oven to form a layer (2) at the surface of the molten pool (4). An oxycombustion burner (10) is arranged above the pool and directed towards the composition layer (2) to produce a melting front (3). Parameters of the burner are adjusted to produce a large covering flame (12) causing an essentially radiation-based thermal transfer. Additionally, a plane containing a longitudinal section of the flame (Z-Z) and a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the oven (X-X) intersects the melting front (3) at a height (h) included ranging between one third and half of the thickness of the composition (e). Such a method provides for a stable operation of the oven and is particularly adapted to a large-capacity oven.

Abstract: During a heating phase, injection of a jet of fuel and oxidant (fuel annularly enshrouding oxidant or oxidant annularly enshrouding fuel) from a fuel-oxidant nozzle is combusted in a combustion space. During a transition from the heating phase to a distributed combustion phase, an amount of a secondary portion of either the fuel or oxidant is injected as a jet into the combustion space while the primary portion of that same reactant from the fuel-oxidant nozzle is decreased. At some point during the transition phase, a jet of actuating fluid is injected at an angle towards the jet of reactants from the fuel-oxidant nozzle and/or towards the jet of the secondary portion of reactant. The jet of primary portions of reactants and/or secondary portion of reactant is caused to be bent/deviated towards the other of the two jets. The staging of the secondary portion of reactant is increased until a desired degrees of staging and commencement of a distributed combustion phase are achieved.

Abstract: A simple, compact burner achieves a more optimal melting of a solid charge followed by performance of combustion under distributed combustion conditions. The burner achieves this by fluidically bending the flame towards the solid charge during a melting phase with an actuating jet of oxidant, redirecting the flame in a direction away from the charge, and staging injection of oxidant among primary and secondary portions during a distributed combustion phase.

Abstract: During a heating phase, injection of a jet of fuel and oxidant (fuel annularly enshrouding oxidant or oxidant annularly enshrouding fuel) from a fuel-oxidant nozzle is combusted in a combustion space. During a transition from the heating phase to a distributed combustion phase, an amount of a secondary portion of either the fuel or oxidant is injected as a jet into the combustion space while the primary portion of that same reactant from the fuel-oxidant nozzle is decreased. At some point during the transition phase, a jet of actuating fluid is injected at an angle towards the jet of reactants from the fuel-oxidant nozzle and/or towards the jet of the secondary portion of reactant. The jet of primary portions of reactants and/or secondary portion of reactant is caused to be bent/deviated towards the other of the two jets. The staging of the secondary portion of reactant is increased until a desired degrees of staging and commencement of a distributed combustion phase are achieved.

Abstract: A method for generating combustion by means of a burner assembly and corresponding burner assembly are disclosed. The burner assembly comprises a refractory block, a fuel supply system and an oxidant supply system. The refractory block defines along one plane P1 at least one fuel passageway extending from a fuel inlet port to a fuel outlet port, and along a second plane P2 at least one oxidant passageway extending from an oxidant inlet port to an oxidant outlet port, said first and second planes intersecting along a line that is beyond said outlet ports, said oxidant supply system comprising a pair of oxidant supply means, an inlet of the inner oxidant supply means being connected to a source of a first oxidant having a first oxygen concentration and an inlet of the concentric outer oxidant supply means being connected to a source of a second oxidant having a second oxygen concentration, the method having improved flexibility in oxygen concentration in the oxidant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of combustion of a fuel using an oxygen containing gas and at least one mainly inert gas, in which: the said oxygen containing gas comprises at least 80% of oxygen in volume, the said fuel and the said oxygen containing gas are injected in such a way as to create a flame, the said mainly inert gas is injected in such a way that it is contiguous to and surrounds the flame created by the said fuel and the said oxygen containing gas and that it has a divergent swirl with regard to the flame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for melting vitrifiable materials in a low-capacity oven, wherein at least part of the melting energy is supplied by two oxy-burners projecting into the melting chamber through the upstream wall and arranged on opposite sides of a vertical plane in which a longitudinal axis of the melting chamber is situated, in such a way as to create two flames, the respective injection axes thereof crossing at a distance from the upstream wall, between ? and ¾ of the length L of the melting chamber.

Abstract: A system includes at least one pilot burner and one more powerful main burner. The pilot burner includes at least a first tube open at an end and including at least a first feedline capable of injecting a combustible gas into the first tube. The pilot burner further includes at least a second tube open at an end and including at least a third feedline capable of injecting an oxygen-rich gas into the second tube. The pilot burner further includes at least a second feedline capable of feeding the first tube with air.

Abstract: A method for injecting fuel, oxidant, and ballast into an oxycombustoin boiler is presented.

Abstract: Fuel is combusted with an oxidizer and at least one mainly inert gas, where the mainly inert gas is injected in the form of a divergently swirled jet around the flame and a convergently swirled jet surrounding the divergently swirled jet.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for melting a composition of raw materials including introducing the composition in an oven to form a layer (2) at the surface of the molten pool (4). An oxycombustion burner (10) is arranged above the pool and directed towards the composition layer (2) to produce a melting front (3). Parameters of the burner are adjusted to produce a large covering flame (12) causing an essentially radiation-based thermal transfer. Additionally, a plane containing a longitudinal section of the flame (Z-Z) and a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the oven (X-X) intersects the melting front (3) at a height (h) included ranging between one third and half of the thickness of the composition (e). Such a method provides for a stable operation of the oven and is particularly adapted to a large-capacity oven.

Abstract: The invention concerns a heat exchanger (4) for a combustion oven, said exchanger comprising a heat exchanging zone (2) provided with means for the passage of hot fumes derived from a burner of the oven, said zone being traversed by at least one means (1a) for transporting a combustion gas to be heated from a combustion gas source, via the heat exchanging zone and to the oven burner, said means (1a) being provided with a wall (1b) designed to enable the combustion gas to be heated by thermal energy transfer, said means (1a) for transporting the combustion gas being arranged in the heat exchanging zone in means (3a) capable of containing an inert gas and provided with a wall (3b) designed to enable the inert gas to be heated by thermal energy transfer of said hot fumes.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of combustion of a solid fuel stream with oxygen. The present invention includes introducing a first stream, comprising a first portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a first conduit. The present invention includes introducing a second stream, comprising a solid fuel stream and a conveying media, into a second conduit, wherein the second conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit. The present invention includes introducing a third stream, comprising a second portion of substantially pure oxygen, into a third conduit, wherein the third conduit is concentric with, and surrounding, the first conduit and the second conduit. The present invention includes igniting the first stream, the second stream, and the third stream as they exit the first conduit, the second conduit and the third conduit, in such a way as to create a flame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the combustion of a fuel and an oxidant, in which at least one jet of fuel and at least two jets of oxidant are injected. According to the invention, at least one first oxidant is injected at a distance I1, at most 20 cm, from the fuel injection point and at least one second oxidant is injected at a distance I2 from the fuel injection point, I2 being greater than I1. The aforementioned oxidants are injected in quantities such that the sum of the quantities thereof is at least equal to the stoichiometric quantity of oxidant necessary in order to ensure the combustion of the injected fuel. Moreover, the first oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having a temperature of at most 200 DEG C. and the second oxidant is air preheated to a temperature of at least 300 DEG C.

Abstract: A method of combustion and a burner assembly wherein at least one fuel and at least one oxidizer are injected separately. The oxidizer comprises a primary oxidizer stream and a secondary oxidizer stream. The primary oxidizer stream is divided into at least two portions. One portion is injected close to the fuel whereby generating a first incomplete combustion. The second portion is injected downstream of the first injection point with the fuel source consisting of the remaining uncombusted fuel of the first incomplete combustion in addition to the fuel. The secondary oxidizer stream is injected downstream from the primary oxidizer stream, whereby resulting in combustion with the unreactive fuel gases remaining from the first combustion.

Abstract: A method for partially oxidizing, in a Claus furnace, at least one gas containing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia with at least one gas rich in oxygen. The residual ammonia content at the outlet of the furnace is measured with a laser diode. Based upon this measurement, the flow rates of the ammonia containing gases and the oxygen rich gases may be modified to obtain the desired residual ammonia content.

Abstract: A gas burner for use with a Claus furnace made up of at least five concentric tubes and the spaces formed between them. The diameters of the tubes increase radially outward so that the first tube has a smaller diameter than the fifth tube. At the end of the burner closest to the furnace, the tube ends of the third, fourth, and fifth tubes lie in the same plane. The first and the second tubes are fastened together and capable of movement along the central longitudinal axis of the burner, but their ends closest the furnace are not capable of moving past the plane formed by the third, fourth, and fifth tubes. An injector is located between the first and second tubes at the end closest the furnace. The injector is oriented towards the periphery of the burner.