Abstract: Disclosed are methods for enhancing learning and/or memory, enhancing memory acquisition, memory retention and recall by inducing a higher long-term potentiation in hippocampal neuronal synapsis in individuals. The methods include administration of 2-fucosyl-lactose to an individual.

Abstract: Compositions including a combination of a source of choline, a source of magnesium, and a source of L-tryptophan are provided for improving cognitive performance in a subject. The compositions may improve a cognitive impairment and/or brain dysfunction associated with age-related cognitive decline or cognitive decline resulting from a neurodegenerative disease. The compositions may also be effective in improving memory acquisition, memory retention, and recall.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a nutritional powder, a translucent reconstitutable beverage formed therefrom, and methods relating thereto. The nutritional powder and beverage are adapted to include the proper balance of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals appropriate for a pregnant woman. The nutritional compositions further stem the glycemic response and improve glycemia and insulinemia during gestational and lactating periods for preventing or reduce the incidence of glucose intolerance later in life.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for enhancing neural function in an individual, such as an older adult. The methods include administering nutritional compositions comprising HMB to the individual. The nutritional compositions provide benefits for individuals that have or may be at risk of having cognitive decline, cognitive impairment, and neural dysfunction, typically resulting from cognitive diseases associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the administration of specific carbohydrate systems to a pregnant and/or lactating woman for improving one or more characteristics in offspring, for example cognition and/or bone health. The carbohydrate system may include a slow rate of digestion simple carbohydrate, a complex carbohydrate, and a non-absorbent carbohydrate and/or an indigestible carbohydrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods related to the administration of specific carbohydrate systems to a pregnant woman for preventing or limiting fat accumulation. The carbohydrate system may include a slow rate of digestion simple carbohydrate, a complex carbohydrate, a non-absorbent carbohydrate, and/or an indigestible carbohydrate. The compositions may be administered before, during, or after gestation.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of modulating and/or decreasing serum corticosterone levels in an individual affected by stress. Further disclosed are methods of modulating the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal response in an individual. The methods include administration of 2-fucosyl-lactose to an individual.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for enhancing learning and/or memory, enhancing memory acquisition, memory retention and recall by inducing a higher long-term potentiation in hippocampal neuronal synapsis in individuals. The methods include administration of 2-fucosyl-lactose to an individual.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a combination of carbohydrates (a slow rate of digestion simple carbohydrate, a complex carbohydrate, a nonabsorbent carbohydrate, and an indigestible oligosaccharide) for use in a method of treating a pregnant woman wherein the method results in an improvement in the health of the offspring of the pregnant woman. The disclosure is also directed to use of the combination of carbohydrates for the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of a pregnant woman wherein the treatment results in an improvement in the health of the offspring of the pregnant woman. The improvement can be a reduction of at least one long tem adverse health effect and/or an improvement in lean body mass development and formation of the offspring. The combination of carbohydrates may also be administered to the woman during lactation to further the improvement in the health of the offspring.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for enhancing neural function in an individual, such as an older adult. The methods include administering nutritional compositions comprising HMB to the individual. The nutritional compositions provide benefits for individuals that have or may be at risk of having cognitive decline, cognitive impairment, and neural dysfunction, typically resulting from cognitive diseases associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for improving memory and/or cognition in an infant by administering soy protein to the infant's mother during pregnancy, and further administering soy protein to the infant after delivery. The soy protein may be administered to the infant's mother during lactation if the infant is breastfed and/or may be directly administered, for example, by administering the infant an infant and/or nutritional formula comprising soy protein. Also disclosed are compositions comprising soy protein that may be used in the methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for improving bone health, strength and formation in an infant who may be susceptible to developing bone health issues from conception through adolescence. The methods include administration of a nutritional formulation including at least one LCPUFA to a woman during pregnancy and optionally during lactation and breastfeeding of an infant.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for improving bone health, strength and formation in an infant who may be susceptible to developing bone health issues from conception through adolescence. The methods include administration of a nutritional formulation including a prebiotic to a woman during pregnancy and optionally during lactation and breastfeeding of an infant.

Abstract: Disclosed are infant formulas comprising at least about 6.5 g/L, on an as-fed basis, of an enriched whey protein concentrate, at least about 0.13% docosahexaenoic acid by weight of total fatty acids, and at least about 0.25% arachidonic acid by weight of total fatty acids. The formulas also typically include at least about 5 mg/L of gangliosides, at least about 150 mg/L of phospholipids, and at least about 70 mg/L of total sialic acid with at least about 2.5% as lipid-bound sialic acid, all of which are provided in whole or in part from the enriched whey protein concentrate. Also disclosed are methods of accelerating brain development, neural migration, and cognitive development in an infant by administering the infant formulas during the first 2-4 months of life, preferably as a sole source of nutrition.

Abstract: Disclosed are infant formulas comprising, on an as-fed basis (A) at least about 5 mg/L of gangliosides, (B) at least about 150 mg/L of phospholipids, (C) lactoferrin, and (D) at least about 70 mg/L of sialic acid, with at least about 2.5% by weight of the sialic acid as lipid-bound sialic acid. From about 50% to 100% by weight of each of the gangliosides, phospholipids, lactoferrin, and sialic acid is provided by an enriched whey protein concentrate, with the concentrate representing at least about 6.5 g/L of the formula on an as-fed basis. Also disclosed are methods of using the formula to reduce the risk of diarrhea infants, and to produce a gut microflora profile similar to that of breast-fed infants.

Abstract: Disclosed are infant formulas comprising fat, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals, including on an as-fed basis (A) at least about 5 mg/L of gangliosides, (B) at least about 150 mg/L of phospholipids, and (C) lactoferrin, and (D) at least about 70 mg/L of sialic acid, with at least about 2.5% by weight of the sialic acid as lipid-bound sialic acid. Also disclosed are methods of using the formula to reduce the risk of diarrhea infants, and to produce a gut microflora profile similar to that of breast-fed infants.

Abstract: Disclosed are infant formulas comprising fat, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals, including on an as-fed basis, at least about 5 mg/L of gangliosides, at least about 150 mg/L of phospholipids, at least about 70 mg/L of total sialic acid with at least about 2.5% as lipid-bound sialic acid, at least about 0.13% docosahexaenoic acid by weight of total fatty acids, and at least about 0.25% arachidonic acid by weight of total fatty acids. Also disclosed are methods of accelerating brain development, neural migration, and cognitive development in an infant by administering the infant formulas during the first 2-4 months of life, preferably as a sole source of nutrition.

Abstract: Disclosed are nutritional compositions for treating rheumatic diseases. The nutritional compositions contain a fat source containing at least one of: 1) at least one omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid and 2) at least one omega-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; a carbohydrate source; a protein source; and at least one of a Boswellia extract and a Phlebodium extract. Also disclosed are methods of treating rheumatic diseases and symptoms thereof, involving administering to a subject an effective amount of the aforementioned nutritional composition.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to monovalent oligosaccharides and their use, for example, in the treatment and prevention of mammalian disease caused by HIV-1 virus infections. In particular, the oligosaccharides globotriose and lactose may be used alone or in combination to competitively inhibit the formation of the viral fusion complex that occurs upon infection.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to monovalent oligosaccharides and their use, for example, in the treatment and prevention of mammalian disease caused by HIV-1 virus infections. In particular, the oligosaccharides globotriose and lactose may be used alone or in combination to competitively inhibit the formation of the viral fusion complex that occurs upon infection.