Patents by Inventor Richard A. Root
Richard A. Root has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20090220394Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes an integrated steam reforming reactor. The reactor has an overall cylindrical shape, receives a reformate and separately receiving a combustion gas mixture. The reactor includes a plurality of reforming stages arranged in a stacked series of disc shaped stage configuration, wherein each reforming stage has a disc shaped combustion portion adjacent a disc shaped catalyst pack through which the reformate passes, wherein the reformate is directed axially between stages and radially within each stage; and the combustion mixture is directed radially between groups of stages and circumferentially within each stage.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 17, 2006Publication date: September 3, 2009Applicant: INTELLIGENT ENERGY, INC.Inventors: Richard Root Woods, Brook Forest Porter, Kandaswamy Duraiswamy, Leonard Weschta, Christian Hulteberg
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Publication number: 20090166264Abstract: A system for producing an auxiliary fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream includes a first separation stage to separate a portion of a primary fuel stream into a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream, a first separation stage partial condenser connected to the first vapor permeate stream condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and a second separation stage partial condenser condensing a portion of the first vapor stage stream into a second liquid stage. The first vapor permeate stream is preferable sent through a vapor phase reactive desulfurization catalyst reactor to condition any sulfur compounds present into species that can be easily separated from the fuel stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 25, 2008Publication date: July 2, 2009Inventors: Kandaswamy Duraiswamy, Richard Root Woods
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Publication number: 20090041641Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C., a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C. in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 5, 2008Publication date: February 12, 2009Applicant: Intelligent Energy, Inc.Inventors: Richard Root Woods, Brook Forest Porter, Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
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Publication number: 20080295403Abstract: The thermal reformer system (1) is provided that compromises a planar assembly including a reformer zone (5), a combustion zone (6), and various inlet and outlet manifolds with associated fluid flow passages (11, 20). The reformer system further compromises an inlet combustion fluid flow passage (31) connecting an inlet combustion fluid manifold (30) and the combustion zone (6), and an outlet combustion fluid flow passage (41) connecting the combustion zone (6) and the outlet combustion fluid manifold (40). In the thermal reformer system the heat transfer and recuperation from outlet fluid flows is efficiently transferred to inlet fluid flows, in order to minimize heat loss and insulation requirements.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 9, 2005Publication date: December 4, 2008Applicant: INTELLIGENT ENERGY, INC.Inventors: Richard Root Woods, Brook F. Porter, Rahul Iyer, Leonard M. Weschta
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Patent number: 7452405Abstract: A system for producing an auxiliary fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream includes a first separation stage to separate a portion of a primary fuel stream into a first vapor permeate stream and a first retentate stream, a first separation stage partial condenser connected to the first vapor permeate stream condensing a portion of the first vapor permeate stream into a first liquid stage stream and a first vapor stage stream, and a second separation stage partial condenser condensing a portion of the first vapor stage stream into a second liquid stage. The first vapor permeate stream is preferable sent through a vapor phase reactive desulfurization catalyst reactor to condition any sulfur compounds present into species that can be easily separated from the fuel stream.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 2006Date of Patent: November 18, 2008Assignee: Intelligent Energy, Inc.Inventors: Kandaswamy Duraiswamy, Richard Root Woods
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Patent number: 7452404Abstract: A process and system for separating a fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream is disclosed. The process includes isolating a stage-one permeate stream and a stage-one retentate stream from the primary fuel stream, evaporating the stage-one permeate stream at a vacuum, and isolating a stage-two permeate stream and a stage-two retentate stream from the stage-one permeate stream. The stage-two retentate stream is a fuel stream containing low concentrations of sulfur compounds. The system includes a fuel supply, a stage-one separator for separating a fuel stream into a stage-one permeate stream and a stage-one retentate stream, a stage-two separator, a first supply line connecting a portion of the fuel supply to the stage-one separator, and a second supply line connecting the stage-one separator permeate stream to the stage-two separator.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 2006Date of Patent: November 18, 2008Assignee: Intelligent Energy, Inc.Inventors: Kandaswamy Duraiswamy, Richard Root Woods
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Patent number: 7439273Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2006Date of Patent: October 21, 2008Assignee: Intelligent Energy, Inc.Inventors: Richard Root Woods, Brook Forest Porter, Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
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Publication number: 20080227959Abstract: The invention provides derivatives of efavirenz and methods of making derivatives of efavirenz. The derivatives include immunogenic compounds for producing antibodies to efavirenz and labeled efavirenz tracers. These compounds are useful in immunoassay methods for determining efavirenz.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 16, 2008Publication date: September 18, 2008Inventors: Mitali Ghoshal, Gerald Sigler, Anlong Ouyang, Richard Root
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Patent number: 7399392Abstract: An electrochemical reformer 1 using reactant feed structures having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions to provide mechanisms for the wicking of liquid reactants into reformer 1 and for the separation and removal of gaseous products from reformer 1. The electrical reformer 1 may be combined with a fuel cell, a portion of the output of which is used to power reformer 1, to create a compact, portable power source.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 2003Date of Patent: July 15, 2008Assignee: Intelligent Energy, Inc.Inventors: Richard Root Woods, Rahul Hari Iyer, Brook Forest Porter
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Publication number: 20070212293Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that has a vaporization section receiving and vaporizing fuel along with water and passing the vapor to a reformer catalyst section heated by a combustor section which generates reformate gas and is fueled by off-gas from a H2 purification unit along with a combustion air source. The off-gas outlet feeds the combustor section in the reformer assembly to heat the catalyst section and the vaporization section. An H2 storage unit connected to the H2 purification unit pure H2 outlet receives the pure H2. The storage unit has an outlet selectively connectable to the reformer assembly process inlet during startup without the need for a spark igniter.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 25, 2006Publication date: September 13, 2007Applicant: INTELLIGENT ENERGY, INC.Inventors: Brook Forest Porter, Kandaswamy Duraiswamy, Richard Root Woods
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Publication number: 20070212295Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 28, 2006Publication date: September 13, 2007Applicant: INTELLIGENT ENERGY, INC.Inventors: Richard Root Woods, Brook Forest Porter, Kandaswamy Duraiswamy
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Publication number: 20070191595Abstract: Analogs of 6-monoacetyl morphine (6-MAM) are described. These include analogs derivatized at either the C-3 position, the C-6 position, or the nor position of the molecule. These analogs allow for elaboration with linkers terminated by a functional group such as an activated ester, the functional groups being useful for attaching the molecule to other entities such as proteins, polysaccharides, and reporter groups.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 8, 2007Publication date: August 16, 2007Inventors: Mitali Ghoshal, Gerald Sigler, Richard Root
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Publication number: 20070155959Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to HIV protease inhibitors, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to HIV protease inhibitors, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for the HIV protease inhibitor saquinavir. The novel haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group. Also described are monoclonal antibodies specific for saquinavir having less than 10% cross-reactivity with lopinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, and a murine hybridoma producing said antibodies.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 31, 2007Publication date: July 5, 2007Inventors: Gerald Sigler, Raymond Hui, Ina Deras, Richard Root, Mitali Ghoshal, Erasmus Huber, Herbert Von Der Eltz, Sigrun Metz, Peter Kern
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Publication number: 20070148708Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to HIV protease inhibitors, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to HIV protease inhibitors, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for the HIV protease inhibitor saquinavor. The novel haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group. Also described are monoclonal antibodies specific for saquinavir having less than 10% cross-reactivity with lopinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, and a murine hybridoma producing said antibodies.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 31, 2007Publication date: June 28, 2007Inventors: Gerald Sigler, Raymond Hui, Ina Deras, Richard Root, Mitali Ghoshal, Erasmus Huber, Herbert Von Der Eltz, Sigrun Metz, Peter Kern
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Publication number: 20070149565Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to HIV protease inhibitors, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to HIV protease inhibitors, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for the HIV protease inhibitor saquinavir. The novel haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group. Also described are monoclonal antibodies specific for saquinavir having less than 10% cross-reactivity with lopinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, and a murine hybridoma producing said antibodies.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 26, 2007Publication date: June 28, 2007Inventors: Gerald Sigler, Raymond Hui, Ina Deras, Richard Root, Mitali Ghoshal, Erasmus Huber, Herbert Von Der Eltz, Sigrun Metz, Peter Kern
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Publication number: 20070142641Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to the HIV protease inhibitor atazanavir, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to atazanavir, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for determination of atazanavir. The haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2006Publication date: June 21, 2007Applicant: Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc.Inventors: Richard Root, Raymond Hui
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Publication number: 20070142628Abstract: Analogs of 6-monoacetyl morphine (6-MAM) are described. These include analogs derivatized at either the C-3 position, the C-6 position, or the nor position of the molecule. These analogs allow for elaboration with linkers terminated by a functional group such as an activated ester, the functional groups being useful for attaching the molecule to other entities such as proteins, polysaccharides, and reporter groups.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 16, 2005Publication date: June 21, 2007Applicant: Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc.Inventors: Mitali Ghoshal, Gerald Sigler, Richard Root
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Publication number: 20070141643Abstract: Activated haptens useful for generating immunogens to HIV protease inhibitors, immunogens useful for producing antibodies to HIV protease inhibitors, and antibodies and labeled conjugates useful in immunoassays for the HIV protease inhibitor saquinavir. The novel haptens feature an activated functionality at the central, non-terminal hydroxyl group. Also described are monoclonal antibodies specific for saquinavir having less than 10% cross-reactivity with lopinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, and a murine hybridoma producing said antibodies.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 2, 2007Publication date: June 21, 2007Inventors: Gerald Sigler, Raymond Hui, Ina Deras, Richard Root, Mitali Ghoshal, Erasmus Huber, Herbert Von Der Eltz, Sigrun Metz, Peter Kern
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Publication number: 20070087866Abstract: A personal golfing assistant system is comprised of software running on a PDA attached directly or remotely to a GPS receiver that enables the user to survey and/or electronically capture geophysical golf data. A handheld device connected to or integrated with a GPS receiver can instead be used. Software allows a golfer to use a handheld PDA/GPS unit during the course of play to mark a ball location automatically and/or determine the distance to golf course targets and/or objects, and to analyze golf related data and generate statistics. The system can send a set of parameters tailored for a specific course to a real time tunable GPS to adjust for optimal performance and can adjust measurements to compensate for environmental condition changes.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 3, 2006Publication date: April 19, 2007Inventors: James Meadows, Richard Root, Dallas Nash, Richard Edmonson
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Publication number: 20060264618Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies specific for lopinavir having less than 10% cross-reactivity with saquinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, and indinavir, and a murine hybridoma producing said antibodies are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 26, 2006Publication date: November 23, 2006Inventors: Ina Deras, Gerald Sigler, Raymond Hui, Richard Root, Mitali Ghoshal, Erasmus Huber, Herbert Von Der Eltz, Sigrun Metz, Peter Kern