Abstract: Methods for synthesizing proinsulin polypeptides are described that include a contacting a proinsulin polypeptide including an insulin polypeptide coupled to one or more peptides by peptide bond(s) capable of being cleaved to yield the insulin polypeptide with an oligomer under conditions sufficient to couple the oligomer to the insulin polypeptide portion of the proinsulin polypeptide and provide a proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate, and cleaving the one or more peptides from the proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate to provide the insulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate. Methods of synthesizing proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also described as are proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates. Methods of synthesizing C-peptide polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also described.

Abstract: Fatty acid salt particles having a size distribution wherein the particles are from about 1 to about 1,000 microns in diameter, use of the particles in pharmaceutical compositions, as well as methods of making and using the particles and compositions.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing proinsulin polypeptides are described that include a contacting a proinsulin polypeptide including an insulin polypeptide coupled to one or more peptides by peptide bond(s) capable of being cleaved to yield the insulin polypeptide with an oligomer under conditions sufficient to couple the oligomer to the insulin polypeptide portion of the proinsulin polypeptide and provide a proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate, and cleaving the one or more peptides from the proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate to provide the insulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate. Methods of synthesizing proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also described as are proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates. Methods of synthesizing C-peptide polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also described.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that include an insulin drug-oligomer conjugate, a fatty acid component, and a bile salt component are described. The insulin drug is covalently coupled to an oligomeric moiety. The fatty acid component and the bile salt component are present in a weight-to-weight ratio of between 1:5 and 5:1. Methods of treating an insulin deficiency in a subject in need of such treatment using such pharmaceutical compositions are also provided, as are methods of providing such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that include a drug-oligomer conjugate, a fatty acid component, and a bile salt component are described. The drug is covalently coupled to an oligomeric moiety. The fatty acid component and the bile salt component are present in a weight-to-weight ratio of between 1:5 and 5:1. Methods of treating diseases in a subject in need of such treatment using such pharmaceutical compositions are also provided, as are methods of providing such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that include insulin, an insulin drug-oligomer conjugate, a fatty acid component, and a bile salt component or a bile salt component without a fatty acid component are described. The insulin drug is covalently coupled to an oligomeric moiety. The fatty acid component and the bile salt component, when together, can be present in a weight-to-weight ratio of between 1:15 and 15:1. Methods of treating an insulin deficiency in a subject in need of such treatment using such pharmaceutical compositions are also provided, as are methods of providing such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that include a drug and/or drug-oligomer conjugate, a fatty acid component and a bile salt component, or a bile salt component without a fatty acid component are described. The drug can be covalently coupled to an oligomeric moiety. The fatty acid component and the bile salt component, when together, can be present in a weight-to-weight ratio of between 1:15 and 15:1 or any value between. Methods of treating diseases in a subject in need of such treatment using the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are also provided, as well as methods of providing such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing proinsulin polypeptides are described that include contacting a proinsulin polypeptide including an insulin polypeptide coupled to one or more peptides by peptide bond(s) capable of being cleaved to yield the insulin polypeptide with an oligomer under conditions sufficient to couple the oligomer to the insulin polypeptide portion of the proinsulin polypeptide and provide a proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate, and cleaving the one or more peptides from the proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate to provide the insulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate. Methods of synthesizing proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also provided as are proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates. Methods of synthesizing C-peptide polypeptide-oligomer conjugates and other pro-polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing proinsulin polypeptides are described that include contacting a proinsulin polypeptide including an insulin polypeptide coupled to one or more peptides by peptide bond(s) capable of being cleaved to yield the insulin polypeptide with an oligomer under conditions sufficient to couple the oligomer to the insulin polypeptide portion of the proinsulin polypeptide and provide a proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate, and cleaving the one or more peptides from the proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate to provide the insulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate. Methods of synthesizing proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also provided as are proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates. Methods of synthesizing C-peptide polypeptide-oligomer conjugates and other pro-polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing proinsulin polypeptides are described that include a contacting a proinsulin polypeptide including an insulin polypeptide coupled to one or more peptides by peptide bond(s) capable of being cleaved to yield the insulin polypeptide with an oligomer under conditions sufficient to couple the oligomer to the insulin polypeptide portion of the proinsulin polypeptide and provide a proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate, and cleaving the one or more peptides from the proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate to provide the insulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate. Methods of synthesizing proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also described as are proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates. Methods of synthesizing C-peptide polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also described.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that include an insulin drug-oligomer conjugate, a fatty acid component, and a bile salt component are described. The insulin drug is covalently coupled to an oligomeric moiety. The fatty acid component and the bile salt component are present in a weight-to-weight ratio of between 1:5 and 5:1. Methods of treating an insulin deficiency in a subject in need of such treatment using such pharmaceutical compositions are also provided, as are methods of providing such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions that include a drug-oligomer conjugate, a fatty acid component, and a bile salt component are described. The drug is covalently coupled to an oligomeric moiety. The fatty acid component and the bile salt component are present in a weight-to-weight ratio of between 1:5 and 5:1. Methods of treating diseases in a subject in need of such treatment using such pharmaceutical compositions are also provided, as are methods of providing such pharmaceutical compositions.