Abstract: A method and guidance system guides a land vehicle along a pathway using a downward-looking, lateral position-sensing, radar guidance apparatus on the vehicle and microwave reflectors distributed along the pathway. A radar sensor transmits radar signals downward towards the pathway surface along which the vehicle travels. The signals are reflected back to the vehicle by the microwave reflectors distributed along the pathway.

Abstract: An apparatus that physically and electrically attaches to an existing AC electrical switch, and controls the power to the electrical load via outputs from the existing electrical switch or from wireless commands from a remote controller.

Abstract: A method and guidance system guides a land vehicle (180) along a pathway (300) using a downward-looking, lateral position-sensing, radar guidance apparatus on the vehicle and a microwave reflector (200) distributed along the pathway (300). A radar sensor (100) transmits radar signals (1111) downward towards the pathway (300) surface along which the vehicle (180) travels. The signals (1110) are reflected back to the vehicle by the microwave reflector (200) distributed along the pathway (300).

Abstract: An apparatus that physically and electrically attaches to an existing AC electrical switch, and controls the power to the electrical load via outputs from the existing electrical switch or from wireless commands from a remote controller.

Abstract: A method and guidance system guides a land vehicle (180) along a pathway (300) using a downward-looking, lateral position-sensing, radar guidance apparatus on the vehicle and a microwave reflector (200) distributed along the pathway (300). A radar sensor (100) transmits radar signals (1111) downward towards the pathway (300) surface along which the vehicle (180) travels. The signals (1110) are reflected back to the vehicle by the microwave reflector (200) distributed along the pathway (300).

Abstract: A semi-autonomous or autonomous mowing vehicle with a sensor that detects the boundary between a first, relatively higher surface, such as the un-mowed vegetation and a second, a relatively lower surface, such as the mowed vegetation, and a controller for steering the semi-autonomous or autonomous vehicle along detected boundary. The detected boundary is based on height differential between the two surfaces and two methods are discussed. For one, the boundary between the two surfaces is detected using a plurality of non-contact distance measuring sensors aligned in same direction, and processes these distance measuring sensors for determining the distance sensors that measure said first relatively higher surface and the distance sensors that measure the second relatively lower surface.

Abstract: A nozzle apparatus in a distributed system controls the nozzle in the desired direction using a position-controlled motor and is controlled by a computer with pre-recorded or preset patterns. The apparatus may be a fountain apparatus, a sprinkler apparatus, or a pool apparatus where the nozzles of these apparatuses emit a pressurized liquid such as water. The position-controlled motor can be an inexpensive hobby servo, or an elaborate self-contained control system with a servomotor, and a computer commands the desired position of the motor with preset patterns. The preset patterns may have music along with control information of the nozzles, valves, lights, and pumps. An aesthetic water display is produced from the overall systems.

Abstract: A nozzle apparatus in a distributed system controls the nozzle in the desired direction using a position-controlled motor and is controlled by a computer with pre-recorded or preset patterns. The apparatus may be a fountain apparatus, a sprinkler apparatus, or a pool apparatus where the nozzles of these apparatuses emit a pressurized liquid such as water. The position-controlled motor can be an inexpensive hobby servo, or an elaborate self-contained control system with a servomotor, and a computer commands the desired position of the motor with preset patterns. The preset patterns may have music along with control information of the nozzles, valves, lights, and pumps. An aesthetic water display is produced from the overall systems.

Abstract: A nozzle apparatus in a distributed system controls the nozzle in the desired direction using a position-controlled motor and is controlled by a computer with pre-recorded or preset patterns. The apparatus may be a fountain apparatus, a sprinkler apparatus, or a pool apparatus where the nozzles of these apparatuses emit a pressurized liquid such as water. The position-controlled motor can be an inexpensive hobby servo, or an elaborate self-contained control system with a servomotor, and a computer commands the desired position of the motor with preset patterns. The preset patterns may have music along with control information of the nozzles, valves, lights, and pumps. An aesthetic water display is produced from the overall systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The invention also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The invention integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch, or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The invention also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The invention integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch, or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A nozzle apparatus in a distributed system controls the nozzle in the desired direction using a position-controlled motor and is controlled by a computer with pre-recorded or preset patterns. The apparatus may be a fountain apparatus, a sprinkler apparatus, or a pool apparatus where the nozzles of these apparatuses emit a pressurized liquid such as water. The position-controlled motor can be an inexpensive hobby servo, or an elaborate self-contained control system with a servomotor, and a computer commands the desired position of the motor with preset patterns. The preset patterns may have music along with control information of the nozzles, valves, lights, and pumps. An aesthetic water display is produced from the overall systems.

Abstract: A nozzle apparatus in a distributed system controls the nozzle in the desired direction using a position-controlled motor and is controlled by a computer with pre-recorded or preset patterns. The apparatus may be a fountain apparatus, a sprinkler apparatus, or a pool apparatus where the nozzles of these apparatuses emit a pressurized liquid such as water. The position-controlled motor can be an inexpensive hobby servo, or an elaborate self-contained control system with a servomotor, and a computer commands the desired position of the motor with preset patterns. The preset patterns may have music along with control information of the nozzles, valves, lights, and pumps. An aesthetic water display is produced from the overall systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The invention also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The invention integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch, or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The invention also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The invention integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch, or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A sensor that detects the boundary between a first, relatively higher surface, such as the un-mowed vegetation and a second, a relatively lower surface, such as the mowed vegetation, and a controller for steering the semi-autonomous or autonomous vehicle along detected boundary. The boundary between the two surfaces is detected using a plurality of non-contact distance measuring sensors aligned in same direction, and processes these distance measuring sensors for determining the distance sensors that measure said first relatively higher surface and the distance sensors that measure the second relatively lower surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The invention also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The invention integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch, or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The invention also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The invention integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch, or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the Internet protocol, TCP/IP, for a home control network. The apparatus also provides embedded servers, email clients at the electrical boxes. The apparatus integrates the Internet to the electrical outlet, switch or appliance boxes using a low cost embedded web server.

Abstract: A rotary paddle sensor for detecting a substance. A paddle or paddles are mounted on a rotating shaft coupled to a motion of the shaft by a slip clutch mechanism. The sensor detects movement of the paddle. If a substance impedes the movement of the paddle, the sensor detects this occurrence. The sensor can be used for many different applications, such as to detect the level of material in a bin, to determine the distance to a wall, to determine the height from the ground, to detect the boundary between two surfaces such as mowed or unmowed vegetation, or to detect the vegetation in a row.