Abstract: A catalytic reforming process comprising at least two reforming zones each having a separate recycle gas system, the first reforming zone operated at conventional low pressure reforming conditions and the second reforming zone operated at a total pressure stepped below that of the first reforming zone, thereby increasing the overall selectivity and yield of the reforming process.

Abstract: Small amounts of lower alcohols are admixed with sour hydrocarbons and the mixture is contacted with a copper-containing catalyst at an elevated temperature. The alcohol serves as the oxygen source for the catalytic oxygenative conversion to disulfides of mercaptans souring the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A reforming-isomerization process for realizing optimum upgrading of a naphtha feedstock is disclosed. The feedstock is reformed over a bimetallic catalyst and the reformate is separated into one or more gas fractions, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 paraffin liquid fraction and a reformate liquid product. The C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 fraction is isomerized to upgrade the C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 components and the isomerizate is separate into a light gas product and a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 isomerizate liquid product with optional separation and recycle of normal paraffins. The light gas products are compressed and recycled for use in the reformation and isomerization. The C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 isomerizate is blended with the reformate liquid product to produce high octane motor fuel.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed having a very high selectivity for dehydrocyclization. In one aspect of this process, a hydrocarbon feed is subjected to hydrotreating, then the hydrocarbon feed is passed through a sulfur removal system which reduces the sulfur concentration of the hydrocarbon feed to below 500 ppb, and then the hydrocarbon feed is reformed over a dehydrocyclization catalyst comprising a large pore zeolite containing at least one Group VIII metal to produce aromatics and hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a spent copper-porous refractory metal oxide carrier composite sorbent for removing sulfur-containing compounds from naphthas in which the spent sorbent is optionally stripped of absorbed naphtha, oxidized to convert absorbed sulfur to sulfates or sulfur dioxide, optionally reduced to further convert absorbed sulfur to sulfur dioxide, and, finally, impregnated with fresh copper via contact with an aqueous solution of a copper salt followed by drying and calcining to convert the salt to copper oxide or copper metal whereby a substantial portion of the sulfur sorbent activity and lifetime of the sorbent is restored.

Abstract: A process for regenerating a spent copper-porous refractory metal oxide carrier composite for sorbing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbons in which the spent sorbent is stripped of hydrocarbons, oxidized to convert absorbed sulfur to a sulfate form, and then extracted with a liquid solvent to remove the sulfate and reduce the sulfur content of the sorbent.