Abstract: This invention is related to the preparation of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Specifically, it relates to the manufacture of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H (HFC-245fa) by the steps comprising (1) the formation of CCl.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CCl.sub.3 by the reaction of CCl.sub.4 with vinylidene chloride; (2) the conversion of CCl.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CCl.sub.3 to CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl by reaction with HF in the presence of a fluorination catalyst, selected from TiCl.sub.4, SnCl.sub.4 or mixtures thereof; and (3) reduction of CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl to CF.sub.3l CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of dichloropentafluoropropane and a hydrocarbon containing six carbon atoms which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foam compositions which are expanded with hydrohalocarbon blowing agents in the presence of catalysts which are capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of the hydrohalocarbon blowing agents to haloalkenes during the polymerization. Thus, the present invention provides compositions comprising polyisocyanate, polyol, hydrohalocarbon blowing agent, surfactant, and catalyst for polymerization of the polyisocyanate and polyol wherein the catalyst is capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of the hydrohalocarbon blowing agents to haloalkenes during polymerization of the polyisocyanate and the polyol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning comprising: (a) at least one refrigerant selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, fluorocarbon, and chlorofluorocarbon; and (b) a sufficient amount to provide lubrication of at least one lubricant prepared by polymerizing alkene having a perfluoroalkyl group on one end thereof. The lubricant has a molecular weight of about 300 to about 3,000 and a viscosity of about 5 to about 150 centistokes at 37.degree. C. The lubricant is miscible in combination with the refrigerant in the range between about -40.degree. C. and at least about +20.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foam compositions which are expanded with hydrohalocarbon blowing agents in the presence of catalysts which are capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of the hydrohalocarbon blowing agents to haloalkenes during the polymerization. Thus, the present invention provides compositions comprising polyisocyanate, polyol, hydrohalocarbon blowing agent, surfactant, and catalyst for polymerization of the polyisocyanate and polyol wherein the catalyst is capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of the hydrohalocarbon blowing agents to haloalkenes during polymerization of the polyisocyanate and the polyol.

Abstract: The present invention provides hydrofluorocarbon solvents having a portion which is fluorocarbon and the remaining portion is hydrocarbon and having 4 to 7 carbon atoms. The solvents are useful for dissolving contaminants or removing contaminants from the surface of a substrate.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions comprising dichloropentafluoropropane and 1,2-dichloroethylene are stable and have utility as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: The present invention provides hydrofluorocarbon solvents having a portion which is fluorocarbon and the remaining portion is hydrocarbon and having 4 to 7 carbon atoms. The solvents are useful for dissolving contaminants or removing contaminants from the surface of a substrate.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-H-perfluorohexane and trifluoroethanol or n-propanol and optionally nitromethane are stable and have utility as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards and dry cleaning.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foam compositions which are expanded with hydrohalocarbon blowing agents in the presence of additives which decrease the formation of haloalkenes during the polymerization. Thus, the present invention provides compositions comprising polyisocyanate, polyol, hydrohalocarbon blowing agent, catalyst, surfactant, and at least one additive wherein the additive is capable of decreasing the amount of decomposition of said dehydrohalocarbon blowing agent to haloalkenes during polymerization of the polyisocyanate and the polyol.Depending upon the polyol and polyisocyanate used and the quantity of polyisocyanate used, the compositions may be used in pour-in-place molded foams; rigid urethane spray foams; rigid high and low density foams for slabstock, froth foams, and molded foams; rigid laminated boardstock; or specialty foams.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of dichloropentafluoropropane and an alkanol having 1-4 carbon atoms which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of dichloropentafluoropropane and a hydrocarbon containing six carbon atoms which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions comprising dichloropentafluoropropane and 1,2-dichloroethylene are stable and have utility as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for use in refrigeration and air-conditioning comprising: (a) at least one refrigerant selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, fluorocarbon, and chlorofluorocarbon; and (b) a sufficient amount to provide lubrication of at least one polyoxyalkylene glycol. The polyoxyalkylene glycol has at least one pendant non-terminal perfluorinated alkyl group on its hydrocarbon polymer backbone. The polyoxyalkylene glycol is terminated with a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and fluoroalkyl. The polyoxyalkylene glycol has a molecular weight of about 300 to about 4,000 and a viscosity of about 5 to about 300 centistokes at 37.degree. C. The polyoxyalkylene glycol is miscible in combination with the refrigerant in the range between about -40.degree. C. and at least about +20.degree. C.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane and alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are stable and have utility as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a surface of a substrate is provided. The method comprises treating the surface with a solvent comprising a compound of the formulaCH.sub.a Cl.sub.b F.sub.c (CF.sub.2).sub.d CH.sub.e Cl.sub.f F.sub.gwherein a+e ranges from 1 to 4, b+f equals 2, c+g ranges from 0 to 3, d is from 1 to 4, a+b+c=3, and e+f+g-3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of luorinated alkanes. The process comprises the step of: reacting an alkene with carbon having fluorine absorbed therein at a temperature and for a time sufficient to form fluorinated alkanes. The alkene used is not perhalogenated at the double-bonded carbons. Preferably, the alkene used is vinylidene fluoride or ethylene.The process produces products such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (known in the art as 134a) which may be used as a refrigerant and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (known in the art as R143a) and 1,2-difluoroethane (known in the art as R152) which may be used as blowing agents or solvents.

Abstract: Substituted pyridine compounds particularly alkyl-substituted pyridines, are directly fluorinated to the corresponding 2-fluoro alkyl-substituted pyridines. Fluorine gas, preferably diluted with an inert gas, is passed into the substituted pyridine, preferably in a solvent, at a temperature of +25.degree. C. to -40.degree. C., preferably about -25.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing fluorinated carbon (CF.sub.x) admixed which can be used in a lithium battery to eliminate low voltage at the beginning of discharge. The process uses a thick carbon bed to assure proper degree and type of underfluorination of the CF.sub.x. The inhomogeneous fluorinated carbon produced is a fully, or overfluorinated CF.sub.x with a small amount of underfluorinated material to eliminate voltage suppression in Li/CF.sub.x batteries.

Abstract: A method for treating process waste consisting of uranium hexafluoride, UF.sub.6, molybdenum hexafluoride, MoF.sub.6 and molybdenum oxytetrafluoride, MoOF.sub.4 is provided wherein the foregoing mixture is hydrolyzed in an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide. The resulting mother liquor is digested at 60.degree.-80.degree. C. to drive off carbon dioxide and convert the ammonium uranyl carbonate, (NH.sub.4).sub.4 UO.sub.2 (CO.sub.3).sub.3 to ammonium diuranate, (NH.sub.4).sub.2 U.sub.2 O.sub.7. The pH is maintained above 9 to prevent premature precipitation of the molybdenum values as molybdic acid or uranyl molybdate.The ammonium diuranate which forms as a yellow solid is filtered, slurried in aqueous ammonium hydroxide, filtered and dried. The yield is quantitative. Pyrolysis results in conversion of the diuranate salt to uranium oxide, U.sub.3 O.sub.8, of suitable purity to be recycled in the uranium hexafluoride production process.