Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid fuel composition comprising a distillation fraction of a component having at least one C4+ compound derived from a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon prepared by a method comprising: providing water and a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon comprising a C1+O1+ hydrocarbon in an aqueous liquid phase and/or a vapor phase; providing H2; catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenated hydrocarbon with the H2 in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst at a deoxygenation temperature and deoxygenation pressure to produce an oxygenate comprising a C1+O1-3 hydrocarbon in a reaction stream; and catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenate in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce the C4+ compound, wherein the C4+ compound comprises a member selected from the group consisting of C4+ alcohol, C4+ ketone, C4+ alkane, C4+ alkene, C5+ cycloalkane, C5+ cycloalkene,

Abstract: A liquid fuel composition suitable for use in an internal combustion engine is provided containing (a) from 50 to 90 % v/v of a C1-C4 alcohol; (b) from 10 to 50 % v/v of a Fischer-Tropsch derived naphtha; and optionally (c) up to 10 % v/v of a C3-C6 hydrocarbon component. A process for preparing a liquid fuel composition and a method of operating an internal combustion engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gasoline composition is disclosed comprising: (a) a major amount of gasoline; and (b) from 0.1 to 5 wt %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of a base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of at least 1 cSt which is derived from the product of a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process.

Abstract: The use of from 0.1 to 5 wt %, based on overall gasoline composition, of a base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of at least 1 cSt, in a gasoline composition comprising a major amount of gasoline is disclosed for improving the acceleration response of a four-stroke spark-ignition internal combustion engine fueled by the gasoline composition. A method of operating a four-stroke spark-ignition internal combustion engine is also disclosed which method involves introducing into a combustion chamber of said engine a gasoline composition comprising: (a) a major amount of a gasoline; and (b) from 0.1 wt % to 5 wt %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of a base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of at least 1 cSt.

Abstract: A tool joint part has a PIC incorporated therein for storing data which can be used to identify the tool to which the joint part is interconnected. PICs are incorporated into tool conditioning circuits. An intermediate circuit operates to match the identity stored digitally in a first PIC with the identity stored digitally in another PIC and thereby connect the tool to the appropriate tool conditioning circuit.

Abstract: A tool joint part 18 has a PIC 19 incorporated therein for storing data which can be used to identify the tool 12 to which the joint part is interconnected. Further PICs (32 FIG. 2) are incorporated into tool conditioning circuits 23A, B and C. An intermediate circuit 20 operates to match the identity stored digitally in the PIC 19 with the identity stored digitally in the PIC 32 and thereby connect the tool to the appropriate tool conditioning circuit 23A, B or C.

Abstract: The invention provides a gasoline composition comprising a major amount of a gasoline suitable for use in a spark ignition engine; 5 to 1000 ppmw, based on total composition, of a fatty acid salt of an alkoxylated oligoamine of general formula I 1