Abstract: An exhaust system (10) for a lean-burn internal combustion engine (12) comprises a first substrate monolith (16) comprising a catalyst for oxidizing nitric oxide (NO) comprising a catalytic oxidation component followed downstream by a second substrate monolith (18) which is a wall-flow filter having inlet channels and outlet channels, wherein the inlet channels comprise a NO x absorber catalyst (20) and the outlet channels comprise a catalyst for selective catalytic reduction (22) of nitrogen oxides with nitrogenous reductant.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a lean burn internal combustion engine comprises a particulate filter (CSF), a first NOx absorbent (NOx(1)) disposed upstream of the filter and a second NOx absorbent (NOx(2)) disposed downstream of the filter.

Abstract: A catalysed soot filter comprising an oxidation catalyst for treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) in exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine disposed on a filtering substrate, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises: a platinum group metal (PGM) component selected from the group consisting of a platinum (Pt) component, a palladium (Pd) component and a combination thereof; an alkaline earth metal component; a support material comprising a modified alumina incorporating a heteroatom component.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a compression ignition engine comprising an oxidation catalyst for treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) in exhaust gas from the compression ignition engine, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises: a platinum group metal (PGM) component selected from the group consisting of a platinum (Pt) component, a palladium (Pd) component and a combination thereof; an alkaline earth metal component; a support material comprising a modified alumina incorporating a heteroatom component; and a substrate, wherein the platinum group metal (PGM) component, the alkaline earth metal component and the support material are disposed on the substrate.

Abstract: Virtual machine (VM) technology allows multiple operating systems each deploying multiple applications to run on a single host. This invention presents an effective method and system for virtual machine migration from a source host to a target host. The method and system concern the migration of both the service VM and the element managing it. State of the migrating VM is preserved so that it can resume its execution on the target host.

Abstract: The invention provides an exhaust gas cleaning oxidation catalyst and in particular to an oxidation catalyst for cleaning the exhaust gas discharged from internal combustion engines of compression ignition type (particularly diesel engines). The invention further relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising an oxidising catalyst on a substrate monolith for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine. In particular, the invention relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising a first washcoat coating and a second washcoat coating, wherein the second washcoat coating is disposed in a layer above the first washcoat coating.

Abstract: A method of coating a honeycomb monolith substrate comprising a plurality of channels with a liquid comprising a catalyst component comprises the steps of: (i) holding a honeycomb monolith substrate substantially vertically; (ii) introducing a pre-determined volume of the liquid into the substrate via open ends of the channels at a lower end of the substrate; (iii) sealingly retaining the introduced liquid within the substrate; (iv) inverting the substrate containing the retained liquid; and (v) applying a vacuum to open ends of the channels of the substrate at the inverted, lower end of the substrate to draw the liquid along the channels of the substrate.

Abstract: A catalysed substrate monolith 12 for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine, which catalysed substrate monolith 12 comprising a first washcoat coating 16 and a second washcoat coating 18, wherein the first washcoat coating comprises a catalyst composition comprising at least one platinum group metal (PGM) and at least one support material for the at least one PGM, wherein at least one PGM in the first washcoat coating is liable to volatilize when the first washcoat coating is exposed to relatively extreme conditions including relatively high temperatures, wherein the second washcoat coating comprises at least one metal oxide for trapping volatilized PGM and wherein the second washcoat coating is oriented to contact exhaust gas that has contacted the first washcoat coating.

Abstract: An exhaust system 10 for a vehicular lean-burn internal combustion engine comprises: (a) a first substrate monolith 6 comprising a SCR catalyst; (b) at least one second substrate monolith 4 comprising a catalytic washcoat coating comprising at least one platinum group metal (PGM) disposed upstream of the first substrate monolith; and (c) a third substrate monolith 2 disposed between the first substrate monolith and the or each second substrate monolith, wherein at least one PGM on the or each second substrate monolith 4 is liable to volatilise when the or each second substrate monolith 4 is exposed to relatively extreme conditions including relatively high temperatures, and wherein the third substrate monolith 2 comprises a washcoat coating comprising at least one metal oxide for trapping volatilised PGM.

Abstract: An administration system for use within a server system is provided. The server system having a server that provides host management functions and the server system being able to accept computer cards inserted therein. The administration system comprises a computing system that is inserted in the server system, the computing system having a controller that assumes control over the communications bus.

Abstract: The invention provides an exhaust gas cleaning oxidation catalyst and in particular to an oxidation catalyst for cleaning the exhaust gas discharged from internal combustion engines of compression ignition type (particularly diesel engines). The invention further relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising an oxidizing catalyst on a substrate monolith for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine. In particular, the invention relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising a first washcoat coating and a second washcoat coating, wherein the second washcoat coating is disposed in a layer above the first washcoat coating.

Abstract: An exhaust system for internal combustion engines, and a catalyzed substrate for use in an exhaust system, is disclosed. The exhaust system comprises a lean NOx trap and the catalyzed substrate. The catalyzed substrate has a first zone and a second zone, wherein the first zone comprises a platinum group metal loaded on a support and the second zone comprises copper or iron loaded on a zeolite. The first zone or second zone additionally comprises a base metal oxide or a base metal loaded on an inorganic oxide. Also provided are methods for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine using the exhaust system. The exhaust system is capable of storing NH3 generated in rich purging, reacting the NH3 with slip NOx from the NOx trap, controlling H2S released from NOx trap desulfation, and oxidizing slip hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. When the catalyzed substrate is a filter substrate, it is also capable of removing soot from exhaust system.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided having a zeolite material of a CHA crystal structure and a silica to alumina mole ratio (SAR) of about 10 to about 25 and preferably having a mean crystal size of at least 1.0 microns; and a non-aluminum base metal (M), wherein said zeolite material contains said base metal in a base metal to aluminum ratio (M:Al) of about 0.10 to about 0.24.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a vehicular lean burn internal combustion engine that emits oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) is disclosed. The system comprises a NOx reduction catalyst for reducing NOx in the presence of a nitrogenous reductant, means for introducing the nitrogenous reductant into a flowing exhaust gas, a filter for removing PM from exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust system and a low pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) circuit for connecting the exhaust system downstream of the filter to an air intake of the engine. The EGR circuit comprises an ammonia oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A method of making a supported catalytic species comprising an alloy of at least two metals, comprises the steps of: (i) combining a particulate support material, a solution of a first metal compound, a solution of a second metal compound, and a solution of an alkaline precipitating agent to form a slurry mixture; (ii) agitating the resultant mixture; and (iii) contacting the solids with a reducing agent, wherein the first metal in the first metal compound and the second metal in the second metal compound is each independently selected from the group consisting of gold, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, silver, osmium and ruthenium; and wherein the first metal is not the same as the second metal.

Abstract: A NOx absorber catalyst comprising an extruded solid body comprises either: (A) 10-95% by weight of at least one binder/matrix component; and 5-90% by weight of a zeolitic molecular sieve, a non-zeolitic molecular sieve or a mixture of any two or more thereof, which catalyst comprising at least one metal comprising (a) at least one precious metal; and (b) at least one alkali metal or at least one alkaline earth metal, wherein (a) and (b) are carried in one or more coating layer(s) on a surface of the extruded solid body; or (B) 10-95% by weight of at least one binder/matrix component; and 5-80% by weight optionally stabilized ceria, which catalyst comprising at least one metal comprising (a) at least one precious metal; and (b) at least one alkali metal or at least one alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a lean-burn internal combustion engine, engine management means and an exhaust system for treating exhaust gas of the engine. The exhaust system comprises a first oxidation catalyst disposed on a first honeycomb monolith substrate. The first oxidation catalyst comprises platinum supported on a first metal oxide support comprising at least one reducible oxide, and is substantially free of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. The engine management means is arranged, when in use, intermittently to modulate the lambda composition of the exhaust gas entering the first oxidation catalyst to a rich lambda composition.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises a mixed metal catalyst which comprises unalloyed palladium and palladium-gold alloy disposed on a support, wherein the palladium-gold alloy is enriched in gold and at least one promoter in which said promoter comprises at least one reducible metal oxide.

Abstract: Programming and development infrastructure for an autonomic element is provided. The system includes a control plane (ISAC), a host server, a management console, and a module development environment. The ISAC contains an Autonomic Controller Engine (ACE) and management module(s). The management module is comprised of a set of scenarios. The ISAC is embedded in a control plane.

Abstract: An exhaust system, and a catalyzed substrate for use in an exhaust system, is disclosed. The exhaust system comprises a lean NOx trap and the catalyzed substrate. The catalyzed substrate has a first zone, having a platinum group metal loaded on a support, and a second zone, having copper or iron loaded on a zeolite. The first zone or second zone additionally comprises a base metal oxide or a base metal loaded on an inorganic oxide. Also provided are methods for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine using the exhaust system. The exhaust system is capable of storing NH3 generated in rich purging, reacting the NH3 with slip NOx, controlling H2S released from NOx trap desulfation, and oxidizing slip hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. When the catalyzed substrate is a filter substrate, it is also capable of removing soot from exhaust system.