Abstract: A valve apparatus designed to control the flow of crankcase gases from a positive crankcase ventilation valve to an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine is provided. The valve apparatus is designed to adjust during idle, cruising, acceleration and wide-open throttle modes of the engine to enhance fuel economy. The valve apparatus includes a valve body having a main inlet coupled to the positive crankcase ventilation valve and a main outlet, an orifice piston slidably mounted to an interior of the valve body and having an end face with a central hole and a plurality of secondary holes, an end cap coupled to the main outlet of the valve body and intake manifold of the engine, a seal disposed within the end cap and having a central opening, and a spring connected to the orifice piston and seal.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: An improved assay is described where a surface is provided with immobilized anti-Ig antibodies rather than antigen and where specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) are detected using soluble antigen probes containing one of several possible labels. The method gives improved sensitivity with less background and is also more representative because antigen binding does not employ immobilized antigen. The assay is particularly effective for measuring antibody secreting cells against HIV, for determining whether an infection is acute as opposed to old or latent, for mapping epitopes and for measuring for ASCs against different antigens in the same reaction.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies are disclosed that specifically bind to the CD4 binding site of HIV-1 gp120. Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies also are disclosed that specifically bind to HIV-1 gp41. The identification of these antibodies, and the use of these antibodies are also disclosed. Methods are also provided for enhancing the binding and neutralizing activity of any antibody using epitope scaffold probes.

Abstract: A multi-channel tunable laser includes: a frequency selective optical multiplexer comprising: a plurality of channel terminals for receiving/transmitting light; a plurality of channel waveguide blocks, each channel waveguide block comprising at least one reflectively terminated channel waveguide; and an optical coupling element optically coupling the plurality of channel terminals with the plurality of channel waveguide blocks, each of the channel waveguides of the plurality of channel waveguide blocks having a different length; a plurality of channel paths, each channel path coupled to a respective channel terminal of the plurality of channel terminals and comprising a gain element, a phase element and a reflective element; and a plurality of optical tuners, each one configured to tune the channel waveguides of a respective channel waveguide block of the plurality of channel waveguide blocks.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: A tunable laser for tuning a lasing mode based on light beams travelling through at least one block of channel waveguides with at least two tunable combs, includes: a frequency selective optical multiplexer comprising a first terminal for receiving/transmitting light, at least one block of channel waveguides, each channel waveguide having a reflectively coated first tail and a second tail, and an optical coupling element optically coupling the first terminal with the second tails of the channel waveguides of the at least one block of channel waveguides, each of the channel waveguides having a different length; a gain element generating a broad spectrum of light, the gain element coupling the first terminal of the frequency selective optical multiplexer with a reflective element.

Abstract: Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies are disclosed that specifically bind to the CD4 binding site of HIV-1 gp120. Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies also are disclosed that specifically bind to HIV-1 gp41. The identification of these antibodies, and the use of these antibodies are also disclosed. Methods are also provided for enhancing the binding and neutralizing activity of any antibody using epitope scaffold probes.

Abstract: A container for holding liquid is described. The container defines an inner region inside which liquid is adapted to be held and includes one or more walls for facilitating heating or cooling of the liquid therethrough, the one or more walls being adapted for invagination by a temperature control probe such that the temperature control probe extends into the container without directly contacting contents of the inner region of the container.

Abstract: A tunable laser for tuning a lasing mode based on light beams travelling through at least one block of channel waveguides with at least two tunable combs, includes: a frequency selective optical multiplexer comprising a first terminal for receiving/transmitting light, at least one block of channel waveguides, each channel waveguide having a reflectively coated first tail and a second tail, and an optical coupling element optically coupling the first terminal with the second tails of the channel waveguides of the at least one block of channel waveguides, each of the channel waveguides having a different length; a gain element generating a broad spectrum of light, the gain element coupling the first terminal of the frequency selective optical multiplexer with a reflective element.

Abstract: Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies are disclosed that specifically bind to the CD4 binding site of HIV-1 gp120. Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies also are disclosed that specifically bind to HIV-1 gp41. The identification of these antibodies, and the use of these antibodies are also disclosed. Methods are also provided for enhancing the binding and neutralizing activity of any antibody using epitope scaffold probes.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins which may be utilized as an HIV-1 vaccine immunogens, antigens for crystallization and for the identification of broad neutralizing antibodies. The present invention encompasses the preparation and purification of immunogenic compositions which are formulated into the vaccines of the present invention.

Abstract: A multi-channel tunable laser includes: a frequency selective optical multiplexer comprising: a plurality of channel terminals for receiving/transmitting light; a plurality of channel waveguide blocks, each channel waveguide block comprising at least one reflectively terminated channel waveguide; and an optical coupling element optically coupling the plurality of channel terminals with the plurality of channel waveguide blocks, each of the channel waveguides of the plurality of channel waveguide blocks having a different length; a plurality of channel paths, each channel path coupled to a respective channel terminal of the plurality of channel terminals and comprising a gain element, a phase element and a reflective element; and a plurality of optical tuners, each one configured to tune the channel waveguides of a respective channel waveguide block of the plurality of channel waveguide blocks.

Abstract: An Optical Transport Network (OTN) method, an OTN switching node method, and an OTN node utilize a “double wrapper” configuration to eliminate clock transients in OTN networks. That is, the systems and methods bury an ODU beneath another overclocked ODU thereby eliminating any interruptions due to clock transients, framing events or other disruptions. For example, an ODU2 can be mapped into an ODU2e, an ODU3 can be mapped into an ODU3e2, an ODU4 can be mapped into an ODUG or some other overclocked variant of ODU4, and the like. Specifically, ODU2e, ODU3e2, ODUG, etc. are overclocked variants of ODU2, ODU3, ODU4, etc. The systems and methods propose to use these overclocked signals to carry standard ODU signals to eliminate clock transient problems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to using HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies to screen for glycan-dependent or protein-dependent self reactivities inherent in these mutated antibodies, and defining this cross recognition at the molecular level, and utilizing the information to re-elicit trimer-specific and/or N-glycan-dependent or protein-surface-dependent broadly neutralizing antibodies and therapeutic applications thereof.