Abstract: New wearable systems for noninvasive glucose sensing include an ultrasound generator, an ultrasound detector and a feedback unit. Methods for noninvasive glucose sensing using a wearable device include measuring a thickness (geometrical and/or optical) of a target tissue or a time of flight of ultrasound or optical pulses in the target tissue and determining a glucose value from the thickness of the target tissue or the time of flight in the target tissue in accordance with a target tissue thickness (geometrical and/or optical) or time of flight versus glucose calibration curve.

Abstract: New methods and systems for noninvasive glucose monitoring and sensing with electromagnetic waves or ultrasound are disclosed. The methods are based on absolute or relative measurement of tissue dimensions (or changes in the dimensions) including, but not limited to: thickness, length, width, diameter, curvature, roughness as well as time of flight of ultrasound and optical pulses and optical thickness, which change with changing blood glucose concentrations. By measuring noninvasively absolute or relative changes in at least one dimension of at least one tissue or tissue layer or absolute or relative changes in time of flight of ultrasound or optical pulses, one can monitor blood glucose concentration noninvasively.

Abstract: Medical apparatus are disclosed for optoacoustic monitoring of an indwelling unit of the apparatus, where the indwelling unit includes one or more optical components capable of directing pulsed light into an overlying tissue. The apparatus also include one or more acoustic components in contact with an exterior surface of the tissue to detect induced pressure waves producing an acoustic output analyzed with an optoacoustic unit to monitor and confirm proper placement of the indwelling unit. Methods for using the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for analysis of blood components or parameters is disclosed where a probe having an excitation outlet and a response inlet is placed in proximity to or in contact with a tissue of an underside of a patient's tongue over a big vein in the tongue so that an excitation signal exits the outlet, produces a response which enters the inlet for detection and analysis.

Abstract: A new OCT system and method are disclosed, where the system includes a probe equipped with a heating element and a high heat conductive member to warm a tissue site to be scanned to an elevated and/or to maintain the elevated tissue temperature with a temperature variation of less than or equal to 1° C. to improve an accuracy and reliability of an OCT glucose concentration value other long measurement durations. The new OCT system and method can also be equipped with pressure components to reduce a pressure exerted on the tissue site to a minimal constant pressure.

Abstract: Indwelling medical apparatus including one optoacoustic discernible member or a plurality of optoacoustic discernible members and methods for optoacoustic guidance and confirmation of placement of optoacoustically discernible indwelling medical apparatus.

Abstract: New methods and systems for noninvasive glucose monitoring and sensing with electromagnetic waves or ultrasound are disclosed. The methods are based on absolute or relative measurement of tissue dimensions (or changes in the dimensions) including, but not limited to: thickness, length, width, diameter, curvature, roughness as well as time of flight of ultrasound and optical pulses and optical thickness, which change with changing blood glucose concentrations. By measuring noninvasively absolute or relative changes in at least one dimension of at least one tissue or tissue layer or absolute or relative changes in time of flight of ultrasound or optical pulses, one can monitor blood glucose concentration noninvasively.

Abstract: New methods and systems for noninvasive glucose monitoring and sensing with electromagnetic waves or ultrasound are disclosed. The methods are based on absolute or relative measurement of tissue dimensions (or changes in the dimensions) including, but not limited to: thickness, length, width, diameter, curvature, roughness as well as time of flight of ultrasound and optical pulses and optical thickness, which change with changing blood glucose concentrations. By measuring noninvasively absolute or relative changes in at least one dimension of at least one tissue or tissue layer or absolute or relative changes in time of flight of ultrasound or optical pulses, one can monitor blood glucose concentration noninvasively.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for treating cell components, cells, organelles, organs, and/or tissues with acoustic energy, electromagnetic energy, static or alternating electric fields, and/or static or alternating magnetic fields in the presence or absence of exogenous particulate agents for therapeutic applications.

Abstract: A method for analysis of blood components or parameters is disclosed where a probe having an excitation outlet and a response inlet is placed in proximity to or in contact with a tissue of an underside of a patient's tongue over a big vein in the tongue so that an excitation signal exits the outlet, produces a response which enters the inlet for detection and analysis.

Abstract: An optoacoustic technique for absolute, accurate, continuous, and real-time measurement of a variety of important diagnostic variables is disclosed, where the variables include: (1) noninvasive measurements of circulating blood volume (BV) and cardiac output (CO); (2) calculation from the measured variables of cardiac index (CI) and systemic oxygen delivery (DO2); (3) concentrations of hemoglobin derivatives (e.g., carboxyhemoglobin [HbCO], reduced hemoglobin [Hb], oxygenated hemoglobin [HbOxy], and methemoglobin [HbMet]), total hemoglobin concentration [THb], concentrations of lactate, myoglobin, cholesterol, body pigments, and exogenous dyes; (4) content in tissues of water, fat, protein, calcium, and blood; as well as density of hard and soft tissues; and (5) accurate noninvasive measurement of blood pressure (or vascular pressure) in arteries, arterioles, veins, capillaries, using occlusion-induced changes in optoacoustic signal induced in blood circulating in the vessels.

Abstract: A method for analysis of blood components or parameters is disclosed where a probe having an excitation outlet and a response inlet is placed in proximity to or in contact with a tissue of an underside of a patient's tongue over a big vein in the tongue so that an excitation signal exits the outlet, produces a response which enters the inlet for detection and analysis.

Abstract: Methods for measuring analyte concentration within a tissue using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Radiation is generated, and a first portion of the radiation is directed to the tissue to generate backscattered radiation. A second portion of the radiation is directed to a reflector to generate reference radiation. The backscattered radiation and the reference radiation is detected to produce an interference signal. The analyte concentration is calculated using the interference signal.

Abstract: An optoacoustic apparatus is disclosed which includes a radiation source of pulsed radiation and a probe having a front face to be placed in close proximity to or in contact with a tissue site of an animal body. The probe further includes a plurality of optical fibers terminating at the surface of the front face of the probe and connected at their other end to a pulsed laser. The front face of the probe also has mounted therein or thereon a transducer for detecting an acoustic response from blood in the tissue site to the radiation pulses connected to a processing unit which converts the transducer signal into a measure of venous blood oxygenation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method/system of for monitoring tissue properties in real time during treatment using optoacoustic imaging system. Optoacoustic monitoring provides a control of the extent of abnormal tissue damage and assures minimal damage to surrounding normal tissues. Such technique can be applied for monitoring and controlling during surgical, therapeutic, and cosmetic procedures performed in various tissues and organs.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method/system utilizing interaction of electromagnetic pulses or ultrasonic radiation with nano- and microparticles for enhancement of drug delivery in solid tumors. The particles can be attached to antibodies directed against antigens in tumor vasculature and selectively delivered to tumor blood vessel walls. Cavitation induced by ultrasonic waves or local heating of the particles by pulsed electromagnetic radiation results in perforation of tumor blood vessels, microconvection in the interstitium, and perforation of cancer cell membrane, and therefore, provides enhanced delivery of macromolecular therapeutic agents from blood into cancer cells with minimal thermal and mechanical damage to normal tissues.

Abstract: The laser optoacoustic imaging system described herein utilizes time-resolved measurement of profiles of laser-induced transient pressure (acoustic) waves. The pressure waves are emitted by acoustic sources preferentially generated in absorbing tissues of diagnostic interest. This technique allows visualization of absorbed light distribution in turbid, layered and heterogeneous tissues irradiated by laser pulses in vivo. The laser optoacoustic tomography can be used for the characterization of structure and properties of normal tissue, and for the detection of tissue pathological changes. The optical heterogeneities that can be imaged with the laser optoacoustic imaging system include abnormal tissues such as tumors, injured tissues, blood vessels and other layered tissues. Further, three dimensional images of organs and portions of organs can be obtained.