Abstract: Described herein are methods of treating, preventing, or reducing dendritic spine density loss in a subject, the method comprising administering a compound selected from: metformin, pentosan polysulfate, amlexanox, leflunomide, prasterone, glutathione disulfide, pazopanib, bosutinib, dabrafenib, baricitinib, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, or derivative thereof; or any combination thereof; or compositions described herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides gas-containing liposomes. In particular, the present invention provide methods of generating gas-containing liposomes where the gas is introduced under pressure, as well as gas-containing liposomes which contain a large volume of gas (e.g., 10 ul of gas per 5 mg of gas-containing liposomes). In certain embodiments, the gas-containing liposomes contain nitric oxide gas. In some embodiments, such nitric oxide containing liposomes are used to treat a medical condition that is treatable by nitric oxide gas (e.g., intimal hyperplasia).

Abstract: The present invention provides optimized transfection reagents comprising mixtures of cationiclipoids. In particular, the present invention provides DNA delivery vehicles based on identifying the optimal hydrophobicity of novel cationic phospholipid derivatives that, alone or in combination, form complexes with DNA (lipoplexes) and exhibit enhanced transfection activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for use in delivering nucleic acids and other agents into cells and tissues. In particular, the present invention provides lipid mixtures at the gel-liquid crystalline phase transition providing superior lipofection activity for transferring materials into cells and tissues.

Abstract: The present invention provides gas-containing liposomes. In particular, the present invention provide methods of generating gas-containing liposomes where the gas is introduced under pressure, as well as gas-containing liposomes which contain a large volume of gas (e.g., 10 ul of gas per 5 mg of gas-containing liposomes). In certain embodiments, the gas-containing liposomes contain nitric oxide gas. In some embodiments, such nitric oxide containing liposomes are used to treat a medical condition that is treatable by nitric oxide gas (e.g., intimal hyperplasia).

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to male.

Abstract: Cationic phospholipids and their use in treating pathogen-associated disease are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises the phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. Liposomes comprising one or more of the cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nuclidic acids and are therefore useful in methods of treating disease.

Abstract: A system and method for optimally allocating elevator cars of an elevator group to serve downpeak traffic. The system monitors a "snap shot" of pending down hall calls and forms groups based upon an initialized floor separation value or response range. If the number of groups formed is greater than the number of available elevator cars in the elevator group, the system increments the floor separation value by "+1" and regroups the "snap-shot" of pending down hall calls. This procedure may be repeated until the number of formed groups is equal to or less than the number of allocable elevator cars. The system may then allocate each formed group to a respective available elevator car to serve the downpeak traffic.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and a novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic lacids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because they are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A novel class of cationic phospholipids and novel method for their synthesis are disclosed. The class of phospholipids comprises phosphotriester derivatives of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids. It has been unexpectedly found that liposomes comprising one or more of these cationic phospholipids are effective in the lipofection of nucleic acids. These novel phospholipids are particularly attractive because of they are not only effective in lipofection, but are extremely cheap and easy to make.

Abstract: A method of assigning hall calls to a plurality of elevator cars (0, 1, N) which biases the assignment process to balance the number of cars serving up and down service directions. Prior to each call assignment update the method determines the number of cars serving each service direction (78, 80, 82). A predetermined relationship (88) between there two numbers is used to determine if up hall calls should be assigned first, or down hall calls (90, 92, 94, 96). The balancing of cars serving the two service directions lowers the average waiting time, and it results in dispersing the cars throughout a building when service subsides, to enable prompt service for newly entered calls without the necessity of moving the cars during periods of low service to be in position for new calls.

Abstract: A method for assigning hall calls to a plurality of elevator cars on the basis of the estimating the time of arrival (ETA) of each elevator car at the floor of the hall call to be assigned. A new hall call is assigned to the car having the lowest ETA. A previously assigned hall call is reassigned to a car having a lower ETA than the car presently assigned to serve the call when the lower ETA is lower by a value T. The average call waiting time (AWT) is calculated using a selected period of time to tabulate the number of calls and cumulative call waiting time, and this calculated value is compared with the desired AWT for the elevator system. The value of T is changed when the calculated and desired values of ETA have a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: A method of assigning hall calls to a plurality of elevator cars in an ETA strategy in which up hall calls are scanned upwardly and down calls downwardly. A hall call floor at which the scan has stopped for the purpose of assigning or reassigning a hall call at the floor is called a "scan floor". The floor of the advanced position of the car being considered for assignment is called the "AVP floor". In order to favor the clustering of closely adjacent stops in a given car, and thus minimize car bunching, when a car has an intervening stop between the AVP floor and the scan floor, either the travel distance between the AVP floor and the scan floor, or the travel distance from an intervening stop to the scan floor, is used to develop a dynamic bias for the ETA of the associated car. The dynamic or variable bias is inversely proportional to the travel distance, i.e., the number of floors, between the relevant floors.

Abstract: An elevator dispatching method which estimates the time of arrival (ETA) of each car at the floor of a hall call to be assigned. A building profile of average door cycle times per floor, over predetermined periods of the day, is tabulated and used in the ETA calculations, to provide more accurate ETA values and thus a lower average call waiting time.

Abstract: A method of optimizing the handling of coincident calls in an elevator system which employs ETA strategy in assigning hall calls to a plurality of elevator cars. The method dynamically biases the ETA value of a car having a car call for the floor of the hall call being assigned, with the bias being applied to favor assignment of the hall call to the car having the coincident car call. The amount of the bias is inversely proportional to the car travel distance between the advanced position (AVP floor) of the elevator car and the floor associated with the hall call (scan floor). The relative effect of the bias is predetermined for each floor by preselection of a constant K used in the bias calculation.