Abstract: Large size liposomes are produced from small unilamellar vesicles by incorporating a polar compound in an aqueous dispersion of the vesicles, subjecting the dispersion to repeated freeze-thaw cycles, and thereafter dialyzing the vesicles against a hypoosmotic medium. The freeze-thaw cycles aggregate the vesicles and increase their internal concentration of polar compound. During dialysis the vesicles imbibe water, rupture, and form enlarged liposomes.

Abstract: An elevator system, and method of operating same, in which emergency back-up service is provided all floors of a building when normal service is degraded, such as due to a dispatcher malfunction, a communication failure between the elevator cars of a bank of cars and a group supervisory controller or dispatcher, failure of the hall call circuits, and the like. When the emergency service is provided, a different initial block of floors is assigned to each elevator car, and as each elevator car completes a round trip its block of assignments are revised in a rotational manner. Thus, all floors are guaranteed service as long as at least one elevator car is operational.

Abstract: An emergency control system for use in an elevator system. When an emergency situation arises in an elevator car, an elevator passenger recites a code word. A microphone in the elevator car transforms the vocal signal to an electrical signal, and using a voice-recognition system, the spoken code word is compared with a code word stored in memory. If the spoken code word matches the stored code word, control of the elevator system is switched to an emergency mode. In this mode the elevator car is brought to a predetermined landing and an intercom system providing communication between the elevator car and the guard station is activated. At the predetermined landing, security personnel are available to render assistance to the elevator passenger when the elevator doors open.

Abstract: A new and improved method of serving calls for elevator service in a building. The method independently serve at least two groups of floors using at least two banks of elevator cars, from a single system processor. The full strategy of the system processor is applied to each group as a whole, and not as segments of a strategy, to improve elevator service to each group, while effecting the economies which result from the utilization of a single system processor, a single hall call processor, and a single data transmission system.

Abstract: An elevator system, and method of operating same, which includes a plurality of elevator cars mounted in a building to serve the floors therein. The building includes a special floor, located between the top and bottom floors, from which all calls for elevator service in the up and down directions may be registered. Supervisory control apparatus, which assigns a hall call to a selected elevator car, gives priority to a predetermined service direction from the special floor when hall calls for both the up and down directions coexist therefrom, with the priority direction being responsive to the position of the special floor in the building.