Abstract: A method for depositing a film of a desired material on a substrate comprises dissolving at least one reagent in a supercritical fluid comprising at least one solvent. Either the reagent is capable of reacting with or is a precursor of a compound capable of reacting with the solvent to form the desired product, or at least one additional reagent is included in the supercritical solution and is capable of reacting with or is a precursor of a compound capable of reacting with the first reagent or with a compound derived from the first reagent to form the desired material. The supercritical solution is expanded to produce a vapor or aerosol and a chemical reaction is induced in the vapor or aerosol so that a film of the desired material resulting from the chemical reaction is deposited on the substrate surface. In an alternate embodiment, the supercritical solution containing at least one reagent is expanded to produce a vapor or aerosol which is then mixed with a gas containing at least one additional reagent.

Abstract: In a redox reaction process, the oxidized state of organic compounds is increased through the steps of directing oxides of nitrogen together with a reducing agent selected from oxygenated compounds and aromatic compounds through a catalyst bed in the form of supported gold heated to a temperature sufficient to reduce the oxides of nitrogen present to nitric oxide, after which the higher oxidized forms of organic compounds are recovered. The organic compounds to be oxidized can be separated by chromatography before introduction with one of the oxides of nitrogen into the catalyst bed, and detection of the reducing agent by chemiluminescent measurement of NO.sub.2.sup.* enables determination of the higher oxidized species produced.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel and unique family of agents which reversibly binds molecular oxygen at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel and unique family of agents which reversibly binds molecular oxygen at room temperature.

Abstract: Liquid hydrocarbon-soluble rare earth chelates prepared from the novel ligand 2,2,7-trimethyl-3,5-octanedione when dissolved in fuels such as gasoline and diesel oil prevent formation and/or effect removal of carbonaceous deposits during the combustion thereof. The use of fuels containing these chelates promotes more efficient operations of devices such as internal combustion engines in which the fuels are burned by minimizing or eliminating the accumulation of harmful carbonaceous materials in the combustion chambers and by preventing knocking and/or other undesirable performance characteristics.

Abstract: A lanthanide chelate of a fluorinated ligand is used as a nuclear magnetic resonance shift reagent for spectral simplification and clarification. Since the use of the shift reagents of this invention facilitates compound identification and increases the scope of the applicability of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the present invention is particularly useful in detecting and analyzing compounds which are or may be pollutants.

Abstract: Compounds differing in isotopic composition are separated by introducing a mixture of the compounds into a chromatographic column containing a lanthanide chelate as a stationary phase and eluting from the column a fraction which is at least enriched with one of the compounds of the mixture.

Abstract: The qualitative and quantitative analysis of nitrogen-containing compounds is accomplished by contacting in the presence of an acid a sample containing such a compound with an aromatic hydrocarbon, thereby converting the compound to a stable nitrogen-containing aromatic hydrocarbon. The sample now containing the nitrated aromatic hydrocarbon is then introduced in a carrier gas stream into a chromatographic column. The effluent stream from the column is passed through a gas chromatography detector, and the detector signal response obtained is compared with that produced by known amounts of a reference calibration sample.