Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treatment of individuals having an immune-related disease, disorder or condition, for example, inflammatory bowel disease, graft-versus-host disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, diabetes, mycosis fungoides (Alibert-Bazin syndrome), or scleroderma using placental stem cells or umbilical cord stem cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of immunomodulation using placental stem cells and placental stem cell populations. The invention also provides methods of producing and selecting placental cells and cell populations on the basis of immunomodulation, and compositions comprising such cells and cell populations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of modulating mammalian stem cell and progenitor cell differentiation. The methods of the invention can be employed to regulate and control the differentiation and maturation of mammalian, particularly human stem cells along specific cell and tissue lineages. The methods of the invention relate to the use of certain small organic molecules to modulate the differentiation of stem or progenitor cell populations along specific cell and tissue lineages, and in particular, to the differentiation of embryonic-like stem cells originating from a postpartum placenta or for the differentiation of early progenitor cells to a granulocytic lineage. Finally, the invention relates to the use of such differentiated stem or progenitor cells in transplantation and other medical treatments.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of producing natural killer cells using a two-step expansion and differentiation method. Also provided herein are methods of suppressing tumor cell proliferation, of treating individuals having cancer or a viral infection, comprising administering the NK cells produced by the method to an individual having the cancer or viral infection.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally related to genetically modified microorganisms. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to genetically modified microorganisms having the avian follistatin genome engineered therein to create a microorganism strain having the enhanced properties of follistatin. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a method of treating an individual with a muscle degenerative disease comprises administering an effective amount of avian follistatin, wherein the avian follistatin is derived from a genetically modified microorganism.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally related to genetically modified microorganisms. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to genetically modified microorganisms having the avian follistatin genome engineered therein to create a microorganism strain having the enhanced properties of follistatin. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a method of treating an individual with a muscle degenerative disease comprises administering an effective amount of avian follistatin, wherein the avian follistatin is derived from a genetically modified microorganism.

Abstract: Provided herein are micro-organoids, referred to herein as Functional Physiological Units (FPUs), that are capable of replacing or augmenting one or more physiological functions in an individual, which are useful in the treatment of individuals lacking, or suffering a deficit in, said physiological function.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in part, to the use of stem cells, such as placental-derived stem cells (PDSC), to reduce the effects of aging by, for example, restoring the regenerative engine and extending the lifespan of aging subjects. Provided herein, for example, are methods for maintaining or increasing the ratio of the number of stem cells to the number of differentiated cells in a tissue of a subject over time, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a population of stem cells (e.g., PDSC), wherein the ratio is maintained or increased over time as compared to the ratio of the number of stem cells to the number of differentiated cells in a tissue of a control subject over time. Further provided are methods of maintaining or increasing the number of stem cells in a tissue of a subject over time, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a population of stem cells (e.g.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of culturing cells using microcarriers that include extracellular matrix (ECM).

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of producing natural killer cells using a two-step expansion and differentiation method. Also provided herein are methods of suppressing tumor cell proliferation, of treating individuals having cancer or a viral infection, comprising administering the NK cells produced by the method to an individual having the cancer or viral infection.

Abstract: A method of collecting embryonic-like stem cells from a placenta which has been treated to remove residual cord blood by perfusing the drained placenta with an anticoagulant solution to flush out residual cells, collecting the residual cells and perfusion liquid from the drained placenta, and separating the embryonic-like cells from the residual cells and perfusion liquid. Exogenous cells can be propagated in the placental bioreactor and bioactive molecules collected therefrom.

Abstract: Provided herein are placental perfusate, placental perfusate cells, and placenta-derived intermediate natural killer cells, and combinations thereof. Also provided herein are compositions comprising the same, and methods of using placental perfusate, placental perfusate cells, and placenta-derived intermediate natural killer cells, and combinations thereof, to suppress the growth or proliferation of tumor cells, cancer cells, and the like, and to treat individuals having tumor cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions comprising mononuclear cells from human placental perfusate and methods of using such cells, including using the cells together with hematopoietic cells, for example to establish chimerism, reduce the severity or duration of graft versus host disease, treat or ameliorate symptoms of sarcopenia, metabolic disorders and hematologic disorders, such as hematologic malignancies, and treat or ameliorate symptoms of ischemic encephalopathy (e.g., hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy) and other central nervous system injuries.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treatment comprising administering to a subject, e.g., a human subject, mononuclear cells from human placental perfusate and hematopoietic cells, and compositions comprising them, and their uses to establish chimerism, engraft tissue (e.g., blood), reduce the severity or duration of graft versus host disease, and treat or ameliorate symptoms of metabolic disorders and hematologic disorders, such as hematologic malignancies.

Abstract: A method of collecting embryonic-like stem cells from a placenta which has been treated to remove residual cord blood by perfusing the drained placenta with an anticoagulant solution to flush out residual cells, collecting the residual cells and perfusion liquid from the drained placenta, and separating the embryonic-like cells from the residual cells and perfusion liquid. Exogenous cells can be propagated in the placental bioreactor and bioactive molecules collected therefrom.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treatment of an individual having pain, e.g., neuropathic pain, comprising administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of tissue culture plastic adherent amnion-derived cells (AMDACs). Because mammalian placentas are plentiful and are normally discarded as medical waste, they represent a unique source of medically-useful stem cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of using adherent placental stem cells and placental stem cell populations, and methods of culturing, proliferating and expanding the same. Also provided herein are methods of differentiating the placental stem cells. Further provided herein are methods of using the placental stem cells to formulate implantable or injectable compositions suitable for administration to a subject. Still further provided herein are provides methods for treating bone defects with stem cells and compositions comprising stem cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating individuals having diseases or disorders of the circulatory system, using placental cells, e.g., the placental stem cells and placental multipotent cells (PDACs) described herein, and populations of such placental cells. The invention also provides methods of angiogenesis using such cells or populations of cells comprising such cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating individuals having diseases or disorders of the circulatory system, using placental cells, e.g., the placental stem cells and placental multipotent cells (PDACs) described herein, and populations of such placental cells. The invention also provides methods of angiogenesis using such cells or populations of cells comprising such cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are placental perfusate, placental perfusate cells, placenta-derived intermediate natural killer cells, combined natural killer cells from placenta and umbilical cord blood, and combinations thereof. Also provided herein are compositions comprising the same, and methods of using placental perfusate, placental perfusate cells, placenta-derived intermediate natural killer cells, and combined natural killer cells and combinations thereof, to suppress the growth or proliferation of tumor cells, cancer cells, and the like, and to treat individuals having tumor cells. Also provided herein are methods of treating an individual having a tumor or graft-versus-host disease with placental perfusate, placental perfusate-derived cells, natural killer cells from placenta, e.g., from placental perfusate, and/or combined natural killer cells comprising natural killer cells from placenta, e.g., from placental perfusate, and umbilical cord blood.