Abstract: A reaction apparatus for producing polyethylene glycol dinitrate (PEGDN) in a continuous manner includes a series of reaction cells spatially disposed in one or more planar structures and a separation arrangement for separating PEGDN and Ammonium Nitrate, in a continuous manner. The separation arrangement is a thin film evaporator and/or falling film evaporator. The plurality of reaction cells includes a feed preparation section having feedstreams for continuously providing an acid composition and a glycol composition to reaction cells. The plurality of reaction cells further includes a nitration section, where the acid composition and the glycol composition react to generate a reaction composition, and a quench and neutralization section, having feed for cooling arrangement and a plurality of feeds for providing an alkaline composition to at least partially neutralize reaction composition. The acid composition includes a mixture of dilute nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing polyethylene glycol dinitrate. The apparatus includes providing continuously an acid composition and a glycol composition to a reaction apparatus; reacting the acid composition and the glycol composition in the reaction apparatus in a continuous manner to generate a reaction composition; using an alkaline composition to at least partially neutralize the reaction composition to cause at least a portion of the polyethylene glycol dinitrate to deposit from a solution of the reaction composition; and extracting the deposit of polyethylene glycol dinitrate.

Abstract: Pyrazolone derivatives of formula (I) defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the treatment of diseases or conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing a particulate solid, an organic or aqueous medium and a dispersant that may be a reaction product of an organic di or polyepoxide with a primary amine, aminoalcohol, amino acid, hydroxyacid or alcohol containing a fused or non-fused aromatic imide group. The invention further provides compositions for coatings, inks, toners, plastic materials (such as thermoplastics), plasticizers, plastisols, crude grinding and flush.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein are p38 MAPK inhibitors and are useful as anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of, inter alia, diseases of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the treatment of disease or conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: A method of increasing efficiency of a combustion system, which runs with alcohol fuels, by injecting a controlled quantity of a fuel additive. The method includes using one of a single injector tip for pre-mixed alcohol fuel and fuel additive or individual injector tips for the alcohol fuel and the fuel additive. The fuel additive includes a mixture of organic compounds of which at least one organic compound includes at least one nitrate molecular group. The method further includes injecting the pre-mixed alcohol fuel and fuel additive or the alcohol fuel and the fuel additive individually into one or more combustion chambers of the engine block. The method also includes controlling a quantity of the fuel additive by a control arrangement associated with a temperature sensor, and controlling a flow-rate of the alcohol fuel by a power control adapted to controller an output power from the engine block.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein are p38 MAPK inhibitors and are useful as anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of, inter alia, diseases of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein are p38 MAPK inhibitors and are useful as anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of, inter alia, diseases of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: A fuel for use in internal combustion engines, wherein the fuel includes a mixture of at least one alcohol, water, urea and/or Ammonium Nitrate. The water is included in a quantity which renders the Ammonium Nitrate and/or urea dissolved in the at least one alcohol. The at least one alcohol is methanol included in a concentration having a range of 90-97 weight %. The Ammonium Nitrate is included in a concentration having a range of 0.5-10 weight %; more optionally, the Ammonium Nitrate is included in a concentration having a range of 1-5 weight %. Further, the urea is included in a concentration having a range of 1-10 weight %.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing polyethylene glycol dinitrate. The apparatus includes providing continuously an acid composition and a glycol composition to a reaction apparatus; reacting the acid composition and the glycol composition in the reaction apparatus in a continuous manner to generate a reaction composition; using an alkaline composition to at least partially neutralize the reaction composition to cause at least a portion of the polyethylene glycol dinitrate to deposit from a solution of the reaction composition; and extracting the deposit of polyethylene glycol dinitrate.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the treatment of disease or conditions in which HNE is implicated

Abstract: Imidazolone and pyrazolone derivatives of formula (I) described herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the therapy of diseases and conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: Microparticles are prepared by a method that includes: (a) forming a layer comprising a first polymer on a solid surface by depositing a first composition one or more times on the solid surface, wherein the first composition comprises the first polymer and a first solvent, and evaporating the first solvent in the first composition; (b) forming one or more layers comprising a second polymer and a therapeutic agent by depositing a second composition on all or part of the layer formed in step (a), wherein the second composition comprises the second polymer, the therapeutic agent, and a second solvent; and evaporating the second solvent in the second composition; and (c) forming an additional layer comprising a third polymer by depositing a third composition one or more times on a previously formed layer, wherein the third composition comprises the third polymer and a third solvent; and evaporating the third solvent in the third composition.

Abstract: Pyrazolone derivatives of formula (I) defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the treatment of diseases or conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: Imidazolone and pyrazolone derivatives of formula (I) described herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the therapy of diseases and conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: A bell assembly for a glass tubing manufacturing apparatus includes a bell head and a support connected to the bell head. The support includes a bell shaft with an inner bore and an outer surface, and a liner positioned in the inner bore of the bell shaft. A thermal shield extends along the outer surface of the bell shaft and reduces temperature variation across a width of the bell shaft during glass tubing manufacturing.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) defined herein exhibit human neutrophil elastase inhibitory properties and are useful for the treatment of disease or conditions in which HNE is implicated.

Abstract: An enhanced fuel, a method of producing such enhanced fuel, and method of using such enhanced fuel for operating internal combustion engine. The fuel includes a mixture of at least one alcohol, water and ammonium nitrate (AN) as a cetane enhancer. The water is included in a quantity which renders the ammonium nitrate dissolved in the at least one alcohol. The fuel further contains dimethylether as an ignition-improver additive, at least one lubricity agent and at least one anti-corrosion agent.

Abstract: Compounds of formulae (I), (II), and (III), defined herein, are p38 MAPK inhibitors and are useful as anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of, inter alia, diseases of the respiratory tract.