Abstract: In order to optimize ignition capabilities, while at the same time enhancing the life span of an igniter, a stored energy combustor (10) has an igniter (34) disposed within a fuel injector (26). The fuel injector (26) is disposed in a tubular extension (16) leading to a combustion chamber (20) and has a discharge end (28) communicating with a point of entry into the combustion chamber (20). An oxidant inlet port (24) is provided upstream of the combustion chamber (20) for directing oxidant into the combustion chamber (20). The oxidant inlet port (24) directs oxidant through the tubular extension (16) leading to the combustion chamber (20) in surrounding relation to the fuel injector (26). With this arrangement, the igniter (34) is disposed within the fuel injector (26) along a longitudinal axis (22) of the stored energy combustor (10).

Abstract: Difficulties with starting reliability and/or combustion stability in hot gas generating systems are avoided in a construction including a storage vessel (36) for storing an oxidant; a fuel supply (22) and a combustion chamber (26) having an outlet (30) for hot gas. A fuel injection nozzle (28) provides fuel from the supply (22) to the combustion chamber (26) while an oxidant duct (44) connects the vessel (36) to the combustion chamber (26). A choked orifice (46) is disposed in the duct (44) just upstream of the combustion chamber (26) and a bypass duct (50) interconnects the combustion chamber outlet (30) and the oxidant duct (44) between the choked orifice (46) and the combustion chamber (26). A selectively operable valve (53) is disposed in the bypass duct (50) and a pressure regulator (42) is disposed in the oxidant duct (44) for selectively controlling the pressure of oxidant applied to the choked orifice (46).

Abstract: Difficulties in accommodating thermal growth in a combustor for providing hot gases of combustor to drive, for example, a turbine wheel (10) are avoided in a combustor construction, including a housing (36) defining a combustion chamber having a relatively narrow inlet (38), an enlarged combustion area (42) and a relatively narrow outlet (40) opposite of the inlet (38). A fuel injector (46) is disposed in the inlet (38) for injecting fuel (50) at least into the combustion area (42) and a plenum case (56) surrounds the housing (36) in generally spaced relation. The plenum case (56) is adapted to be connected to a source (62) of oxidant under pressure and is in fluid communication with the inlet (38) to provide oxidant thereto to support combustion of fuel in the combustion area (42). A conduit (44) extends from the outlet (40) to be connected to a turbine nozzle (16) and a diaphragm (122) is interposed and sealingly engages both the housing (36) and the plenum case (56) near the outlet (40).

Abstract: In order to significantly reduce the carbon produced in a combustor, and thus reduce or eliminate carbon buildup on a combustor wall (14), a stored energy combustor (10) has a fuel injector (28) in a tubular extension (16) of a vessel (12) leading to a combustion chamber (20). The fuel injector (28) has a discharge end (60) upstream of a plane defining a point of entry (32) into the combustion chamber (20) for directing an annulus of fuel (26) toward the combustion chamber (20), and an oxidant inlet port (24) is also provided upstream of the combustion chamber (20) for directing oxidant into the combustion chamber (20) through the tubular extension (16) in surrounding relation to the fuel injector (28) which is concentric with the longitudinal axis (22) of the vessel (12).

Abstract: A transfer for use with automatic offset application equipment comprises a backing paper, release layer, design layer and covercoat layer, in which the covercoat layer is formed from a heat-activatable adhesive and extends over an area greater than that of the design layer. Preferably the design layer also has heat-activatable adhesive properties. Such transfers are especially for use with enamel printing inks for the decoration of ceramic ware. In use, a heated platen is used to melt the release layer and a heated pressure pad is brought into contact with the transfer to activate the adhesive and effect the transferring operation.

Abstract: Improved starting for turbine engines operating at low fuel flows and at high altitudes is accomplished in an engine 10 having an annular combustion 12 by utilizing a stored energy combustion system 28 which includes a source of oxidant 36 and a fuel source 38 both of which are in fluid communication with an auxiliary combustion space 32 of an auxiliary combustor 30 for combusting the oxidant and fuel to generate a gaseous fuel including secondary gases of combustion which are directed to the annular combustor 12 through a fuel injector 24 as a reactive, gaseous fuel ignitable therewithin.

Abstract: Improved performance in a hot gas generator 10 is achieved by providing a liner 21 positioned within a wall 14 of a vessel 12 so as to be disposed about a combustion chamber 20 therein. The liner 21 is positioned relative to the wall 14 to define a relatively uniform gap 26 therebetween and is adapted to thermally expand under heat for controlling heat transfer from the combustion chamber 20 through the liner 21 and the wall 14 entirely throughout a preselected temperature range. With this arrangement, the gap 26 is selected to accommodate thermal expansion of the liner 21 in a manner producing relatively little stress thereon.

Abstract: A livestock feeding apparatus provides continuous flow of feed to an elongated bunk utilizing a traveling hopper supported for movement along rails on an elongated frame over the bunk. The hopper includes a gate extending substantially along the full length of the bottom opening of the hopper for bulk dumping of the feed when the hopper is over one of the two dumping stations adjacent the two ends. The gate is actuated during opening and closing so as to travel along a sliding path to assure efficient delivery of the feed with a clean cut-off. Preferably, the gate moves at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the hopper and along an arc defined by pivotal support links. Cam wheels adjacent the ends of the hopper engage ramps for opening and closing the gate as the gate moves along an arcuate path defined by the parallelogram linkage. In the preferred embodiment, the wheels drop off the top of the ramps providing sudden release for rapid and secure closing of the gate. A 20.degree.

Abstract: In order to avoid carbon buildup and to assist fuel atomization, a fuel injection system (40) includes a fuel injector (42) associated with the upstream portion (44) of a combustor (10). The fuel injector (42) has a fuel flow passage (46) in communication with a source of fuel (14) and terminating in the upstream portion (44) of the combustor (10). The fuel injection system (40) also includes a primary oxidant delivery tube (20) associated with the upstream portion (44) of the combustor (10). The primary oxidant delivery tube (20) defines a primary oxidant flow passage (48) in communication with a source of oxidant (12) and terminating in the upstream portion (44) of the combustor (10). The fuel injection system (40) further includes a secondary oxidant delivery tube (50) associated with the upstream portion (44) of the conbustor (10).

Abstract: A combination exercise and refreshment device to be worn about a runner's or other athlete's wrist or forearm that contains liquid, the weight of which provides vigorous exercise to the muscles of the hands, arms and shoulders during the earlier part of the run or other aerobic exercise and the liquid serving to be drunk to replenish lost body fluids during the latter part of the exercise and reduce stress on the fatigued muscles comprising a liquid-containing pouch adapted to fit around the wrist, a fastener for attaching the pouch around the wrist, and a valve for introducing and withdrawing the liquid from the pouch directly into the user's mouth.

Abstract: A spray nozzle including a body having a fluid inlet at one end thereof and an exit orifice at the other end thereof. The fluid inlet communicates with the exit orifice through a fluid flow path extending through the body. The exit orifice is adapted to atomize the fluid as the fluid leaves the body. The spray nozzle also includes a separate portion for atomizing the fluid independent of the exit orifice. The separate portion communicates with the fluid flow path upstream of the exit orifice. The separate portion produces a flat spray of the fluid as the fluid leaves the body. With these features, the spray nozzle is well suited as a fuel injector for a gas turbine.

Abstract: Improved performance in a hot gas generator 10 is achieved by providing a pair of hemispherical liners 22 and 24 loosely positioned within an interior wall 14 of a vessel 12 so as to be disposed above a combustion chamber 20 therein. The hemispherical liners 22 and 24 normally have a groove 26 at an interface therebetween and are formed of a material adapted to thermally expand under heat. Specifically, the hemispherical liners 22 and 24 expand to close the groove 26 at the interface in a manner producing relatively little stress thereon.

Abstract: Improved performance in a hot gas generator is achieved by disposing a multiple port fuel injector 42 having three spaced fuel discharge ports 46, 48, 49 on the longitudinal axis 28 of a vessel 18 having a narrow inlet 22, an opposite narrow outlet 14 and an intermediate, enlarged chamber 24 which serves as a combustion chamber.

Abstract: This device is an electronic module activated by a vehicle's existing brake light switch which, when electrically connected to a motor vehicle's brake light circuit, will flash the brake lights several times before continuous illumination. In the preferred embodiment described, the brake lights flash each time the vehicle's brakes are applied.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for finishing pistons (10) and the like from foundry-turned castings during one clamping operation to provide enhanced manufacturing productivity. Separate boring and turning modules (34, 24) of the apparatus are mounted on a primary base (18) and a grooving module (54) is mounted on a secondary base (72). The modules automatically groove the ring grooves (11), turn the complex shape of the skirt (15) and bore the wrist pin bore (13) through an ordered sequence of manufacturing steps. The piston stock is mounted for rotation on headstock and tailstock assemblies (82, 84). These assemblies are carried on the secondary base (72) which is slidably mounted on the primary base for movement into operative position with respect to the boring and turning modules according to the ordered sequence. The method and system improve piston quality while reducing manufacturing costs including saving factory floor space.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for finishing pistons (10) and the like from foundry-turned castings during one clamping operation provide enhanced manufacturing productivity. Separate boring and turning modules (34, 24) of the apparatus are mounted on a primary base (18) and a grooving module (54) is mounted on a secondary base (72). The modules automatically groove the ring grooves (11), turn the complex shape of the skirt (15) and bore the wrist pin bore (13) through an ordered sequence of manufacturing steps. The piston stock is mounted for rotation on headstock and tailstock assemblies (82, 84). These assemblies are carried on the secondary base (72) which is slidably mounted on the primary base for movement into operative position with respect to the boring and turning modules according to the ordered sequence. The method and system improve piston quality while reducing manufacturing costs including saving factory floor space.

Abstract: In the operation of certain agricultural and industrial pursuits an excess of various chemicals results. For example, an excess of phosphorus results from the use of fertilizers in the general farming operations of stimulate the growing of grass in the dairy rich areas of central Florida. This excess quantity of phosphorus finds its way into the streams and rivers, and contaminates any of the streams and bodies of water that receive the outflow of these chemically rich waters. For example, the Kissimmee River flows through the dairy rich lands of central Florida and contaminates Lake Okeechobee into which they flow. Many other chemicals used as lubricants and additives in industrial operations that also are discharged into the various bodies of water are harmful to the fish and aquatic plants whose presence is necessary to recycle and purify the water.

Abstract: A hook line includes a hook portion and a link portion contained in two different planes substantially perpendicular to one another. A projection tip is provided on a distal end of the hook portion to provide secure locking action between adjacent hook links; the normal clearance between the tip and the connected link portion being insufficient to allow coupling/uncoupling action. A tip receiving groove extends substantially laterally across the elongated ring forming the link portion. The ring defines a longitudinal slot for receipt of said hook portion. The groove of one hook link receives the projection tip of an adjacent hook link to allow coupling/uncoupling action. In the preferred embodiment, the groove extends along an arc between a transverse midline of said longitudinal slot and an end of said longitudinal slot opposite said hook portion. The groove and tip structure substantially eliminates uncoupling during normal conveyor operation even when subjected to incidental slackening.

Abstract: A gas fired hot water heater includes a housing enclosing an internal chamber divided by a vertical partition into two compartments, the partition having a top edge spaced below the top of the chamber. One of the compartments has a gas burner in the lower portion with an adjacent combustion air intake vent. A first heat exchanger is located in the same compartment above the gas burner but below the top edge of the partition, and a second heat exchanger is located in the other compartment at substantially the same horizontal level as the first. The two heat exchangers are connected in series. Condensate collection means is provided in the other compartment below the second heat exchanger to collect condensate forming on the second heat exchanger and to duct the condensate out of the housing. A flue pipe ducts flue gases from the housing, and a blower is provided to blow the flue gases through the flue pipe.

Abstract: A latch for securing two fence gates in a closed position includes a pivoted bar which is protected from freezing elements by channeled housings welded or otherwise attached to the gates. The latch can be made on site from readily available metal stock.