Abstract: Disclosed is a projection system for a lithographic apparatus, comprising: a plurality of optical elements configured to direct a beam along a path, and a control system configured to receive an input signal indicative of a deformation of a first optical element of the plurality of optical elements. The plurality of optical elements may be configured to position the beam onto an object arranged on an object support, and a pattern may be imparted on the beam by a patterning device arranged on support structure. The control system is configured to generate an output signal for controlling a position of at least a second optical element of the plurality of optical elements, based on said input signal; and/or an output signal for controlling a position of said object support, based on said input signal; and/or an output signal for controlling a position of said support structure, based on said input signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a projection system for a lithographic apparatus, comprising: a plurality of optical elements configured to direct a beam along a path, and a control system configured to receive an input signal indicative of a deformation of a first optical element of the plurality of optical elements. The plurality of optical elements may be configured to position the beam onto an object arranged on an object support, and a pattern may be imparted on the beam by a patterning device arranged on support structure. The control system is configured to generate an output signal for controlling a position of at least a second optical element of the plurality of optical elements, based on said input signal; and/or an output signal for controlling a position of said object support, based on said input signal; and/or an output signal for controlling a position of said support structure, based on said input signal.

Abstract: A projection system (PS1) for a lithographic apparatus comprises: an optical path (100); a plurality of sensors (S1-S4); one or more actuators (A1-A4); and a controller (CN). The optical path is operable to receive an input radiation beam (Bin) and to project an output radiation beam (Bout) onto a substrate to form an image. The optical path comprises: a plurality of optical elements (M1-M4), the plurality of optical elements comprising: a first set of at least two optical elements (M1, M4) and a second set of at least one optical element (M2, M3). Each sensor is associated with one of the plurality of optical elements and is operable to determine a position of that optical element. Each actuator is associated with one of the second set of optical elements and is operable to adjust that optical element.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a reflector to redirect a radiation beam, e.g. an EUV beam. The position of the reflector is controlled using a controller and a positioning system. The positioning system includes a non-compensating actuator device and a compensating actuator device to compensate for parasitic forces of the non-compensating actuator device. The positioning system and controller can provide a more accurate position of the reflector, reduce deformation of the reflector and reduce the magnitude of forces transmitting through the reflector.

Abstract: A projection system (PS1) for a lithographic apparatus comprises: an optical path (100); a plurality of sensors (S1-S4); one or more actuators (A1-A4); and a controller (CN). The optical path is operable to receive an input radiation beam (Bin) and to project an output radiation beam (Bout) onto a substrate to form an image. The optical path comprises: a plurality of optical elements (M1-M4), the plurality of optical elements comprising: a first set of at least two optical elements (M1, M4) and a second set of at least one optical element (M2, M3). Each sensor is associated with one of the plurality of optical elements and is operable to determine a position of that optical element. Each actuator is associated with one of the second set of optical elements and is operable to adjust that optical element.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus comprising a reflector (15) to redirect a radiation beam e.g. an EUV beam. The position of the reflector is controlled using a controller and a positioning system. The positioning system comprises a non-compensating actuator device (300) and a compensating actuator device (200) to compensate for parasitic forces of the non-compensating actuator device. The positioning system and controller can provide a more accurate position of the reflector, reduce deformation of the reflector and reduce the magnitude of forces transmitting through the reflector.

Abstract: An arrangement actuates an element in a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus. The arrangement includes first and second actuators and first and second mechanical couplings. The first and second actuators are coupled to the element via corresponding ones of the first and second mechanical couplings for applying respective forces to the element which is regulatable in at least one degree of freedom. The first and second actuators have first and second actuator masses, respectively, and the first actuator mass and the first mechanical coupling conjointly define a first mass-spring system operating as a first low-pass filter. The second actuator mass and the second mechanical coupling conjointly define a second mass-spring system operating as a second low-pass filter. The first and second mass-spring systems have first and second natural frequencies deviating from each other by a maximum deviation equal to 10% of the largest of the first and second natural frequencies.

Abstract: A projection system (PS) is provided which includes, in an embodiment, two frames. The optical elements of the projection system are mounted on a first frame (200). The position of the optical elements is measured relative to a second frame (300) using a first measurement system (910). A second measurement system (920) is used to measure a parameter associated with a deformation of the second frame. The measurement made by the second measurement system can be used to compensate for any errors in the position of the optical elements as measured by the first measurement system resulting from deformations of the second frame. Typically, deformations of the frames are due to resonant oscillation and thermal expansion. Having two frames enables the optical elements of the projection system to be positioned with a high degree of accuracy.

Abstract: A positioning system to position a table within a base frame of a lithographic apparatus, the positioning system including first and second actuators and a controller. The first actuator exerting an actuation force on the table. The first actuator being connected to a balance mass constructed and arranged to absorb a reaction force of the first actuator. The controller and second actuator constructed and arranged to exert a compensation force and/or torque to compensate a torque caused by the actuation force exerted by the first actuator on the balance mass.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is disclosed that includes a support constructed to support a patterning device, the patterning device being capable of imparting a radiation beam with a pattern in its cross-section to form a patterned radiation beam and a substrate table constructed to hold a substrate. Further, the lithographic apparatus includes a projection system configured to project the patterned radiation beam onto a target portion of the substrate, the projection system being mounted to a reference element of the lithographic apparatus by a resilient mount to reduce a transfer of high frequency vibration from the reference element to the projection system and a control system to counteract a position error of the substrate table and the support relative to the projection system.

Abstract: A projection system is provided that includes a sensor system that measures at least one parameter that relates to the physical deformation of a frame that supports the optical elements within the projection system, and a control system that, based on the measurements from the sensor system, determines an expected deviation of the position of the beam of radiation projected by the projection system that is caused by the physical deformation of the frame.

Abstract: An arrangement actuates an element in a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus. The arrangement includes first and second actuators and first and second mechanical couplings. The first and second actuators are coupled to the element via corresponding ones of the first and second mechanical couplings for applying respective forces to the element which is regulatable in at least one degree of freedom. The first and second actuators have first and second actuator masses, respectively, and the first actuator mass and the first mechanical coupling conjointly define a first mass-spring system operating as a first low-pass filter. The second actuator mass and the second mechanical coupling conjointly define a second mass-spring system operating as a second low-pass filter. The first and second mass-spring systems have first and second natural frequencies deviating from each other by a maximum deviation equal to 10% of the largest of the first and second natural frequencies.

Abstract: A positioning system to position a table within a base frame of a lithographic apparatus, the positioning system including first and second actuators and a controller. The first actuator exerting an actuation force on the table. The first actuator being connected to a balance mass constructed and arranged to absorb a reaction force of the first actuator. The controller and second actuator constructed and arranged to exert a compensation force and/or torque to compensate a torque caused by the actuation force exerted by the first actuator on the balance mass.

Abstract: A positioning system to position a table within a base frame of a lithographic apparatus, the positioning system including first and second actuators and a controller. The first actuator exerting an actuation force on the table. The first actuator being connected to a balance mass constructed and arranged to absorb a reaction force of the first actuator. The controller and second actuator constructed and arranged to exert a compensation force and/or torque to compensate a torque caused by the actuation force exerted by the first actuator on the balance mass.

Abstract: A method of projecting a patterned beam onto a substrate using an EUV lithographic apparatus having a projection system including a plurality of mirrors. The method includes the following steps. Using the projection system to project the patterned beam onto the substrate while moving a final mirror of the projection system in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the substrate. Rotating the final mirror to substantially compensate for unwanted translation of the projected patterned radiation beam on the substrate due to the movement of the mirror.

Abstract: A projection system (PS) is provided that includes a sensor system (20) that measures at least one parameter that relates to the physical deformation of a frame (10) that supports the optical elements (11) within the projection system (PS), and a control system (30) that, based on the measurements from the sensor system (20), determines an expected deviation of the position of the beam of radiation projected by the projection system (PS) that is caused by the physical deformation of the frame (10).

Abstract: A positioning system to position a table within a base frame of a lithographic apparatus, the positioning system including first and second actuators and a controller. The first actuator exerting an actuation force on the table. The first actuator being connected to a balance mass constructed and arranged to absorb a reaction force of the first actuator. The controller and second actuator constructed and arranged to exert a compensation force and/or torque to compensate a torque caused by the actuation force exerted by the first actuator on the balance mass.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is disclosed that includes a support constructed to support a patterning device, the patterning device being capable of imparting a radiation beam with a pattern in its cross-section to form a patterned radiation beam and a substrate table constructed to hold a substrate. Further, the lithographic apparatus includes a projection system configured to project the patterned radiation beam onto a target portion of the substrate, the projection system being mounted to a reference element of the lithographic apparatus by a resilient mount to reduce a transfer of high frequency vibration from the reference element to the projection system and a control system to counteract a position error of the substrate table and the support relative to the projection system.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes a projection system including a movable optical element. The movable optical element is capable, by a displacement thereof to influence a position quantity of a radiation beam projected by the projection system. A control device is provided to drive the optical element actuator to influence a position quantity of the movable optical element, thereby influencing a position quantity of the radiation beam as projected by the projection system. The control device is adapted to move the movable optical element to position the radiation beam as projected by the projection system with respect to the substrate, or to correct a position quantity of the radiation beam as projected by the projection system caused by any type of disturbance on the projection system.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is presented that includes a controller having a series connection of at least two integrators and an integrator output circuit for deriving an output quantity of the series connection of integrators. The controller also includes an integrator saturator that is operatively coupled to the integrator output circuit and having an operating area for passing through the output quantity and a saturation area for saturating the output quantity. A saturation control mechanism for controlling saturation sets an output quantity of at least one of the series-connected integrators to a neutral value, when the integrator saturator is in the saturation area, except when the output quantity of or an input quantity of at least one of the series-connected integrators has a value such that it would tend to bring the integrator saturator from the saturation area to the operating area.