Abstract: A controlled deflection roll having a stationary roll core or support and a roll shell mounted to be rotatable about the stationary roll support. The roll shell is supported upon hydrostatic pressure or support elements, each of which possesses a number of bearing pockets flow connected by means of throttle channels with a pressure chamber. The pressure elements are in the form of plates dispositioned in the intermediate space between the inner surface of the roll shell and the outer surface of the stationary roll support or core. This stationary roll support can have a substantially cylindrical or planar outer surface at the location where it is engaged by the pressure element. The pressure element can be retained in position by pins secured at the stationary roll support or core, these pins engaging with clearance or play into recesses of the related pressure element. The pressure element also can take the form of an elongate strip or ledge having a number of seals bounding separate pressure chambers.

Abstract: A calender for processing pulverulent and doughy materials, composed of hydrostatic controlled deflection rolls. Each of the controlled deflection rolls comprises a roll shell rotatable about a stationary support member and hydrostatic support elements which can be activated by a pressurized fluid medium. The hydrostatic support elements of the rolls which coact at a pressure gap or nip, with the same elevational arrangement of such rolls, receive pressurized medium at the same pressure. If the rolls are located at an elevational difference then there is provided a differential pressure regulator for taking into account the effect of the inherent weight of the roll shells. The width over which the rolls can be impinged with the pressurized fluid medium can be adjusted, and equally the temperature of the pressurized fluid medium. The calender can be equipped with four rolls arranged in a substantially Z-shaped configuration.

Abstract: Rolling mill for the rolling of materials in sheet form, having two working rolls between which the material is rolled, and for each working roll a supporting roll, a hydraulic medium holding the working rolls in position; the axes of the two working rolls being situated substantially in an at least approximately horizontal plane, and the rolled material being taken downwards from above through the gap between the working rolls.

Abstract: Pressure roll having a stationary axial supporting member and having a roll shell rotatable about the supporting member, the said shell being supported by hydrostatic supporting elements; the roll shell is mounted to be mobile in all radial directions relatively to the supporting member, and is guided radially relatively to the supporting member only by means of the supporting elements and by means of at least one counter-roll appointed to the roll shell; the supporting elements are constructed to follow the radial movements of the roll shell.

Abstract: Rolling mill for the pressure treatment of a web of material having two press gaps in each of which a different application pressure can be adjusted independently of the other gap. The two press gaps are formed between three rolls whose axes are situated parallel to one another and lie in two planes. The roll which adjoins the two other counter-rolls to form the press gaps is constructed as a pressure equalization roll with a stationary axial supporting member about which a shell is capable of rotating and in which hydrostatic supporting elements are arranged in rows extending parallel to the press gaps. The application pressure in the press gaps is produced exclusively by means of the hydrostatic supporting elements. The shell of the pressure roll shell is capable of moving in all radial directions relatively to the supporting member. The two counter-rolls are guided radially and axially.

Abstract: A rolling mechanism including at least one deflection-compensating roller is used to form flakes of a thickness less than 0.2 millimeters. In addition, a texturizing mechanism is located below the rolling mechanism to receive and deform the flakes into a shape that deviates from a plane shape. The flakes may be corrugated or rolled into cylinders.

Abstract: A controlled deflection roll is disclosed comprising a roll shell rotatable about a stationary beam and at least one hydrostatic support element therebetween. The support element is in the form of a piston tiltably guided in a cylindrical bore formed in the beam and the roll is provided with a seal for sealing off the intermediate space between the piston and the wall of the bore. The seal includes a sealing member disposed in a circumferential groove formed in the wall of the bore which is in seal-tight engagement with the piston and is support on at least one of its sides by an annular support member positioned in the groove and extending part way into the intermediate space.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed comprising a strand guide formed by guide plates which are supported and cooled by hydrostatic support elements. The support elements each include a cylinder and a piston which is stressed against the guide plate by pressure fluid supplied to the cylinder. The pistons are each provided with a bearing pad having a plurality of recesses each supplied with fluid at a constant rate which forms hydrostatic support for and cools the guide plates. The forces exerted by the support elements may be controlled by pressure regulating valves in the fluid supply lines leading thereto in response to sensors which sense positional shifts of the guide plates from a set point. The apparatus may also include a controller for the valves which periodically reduces the pressure of the fluid supplied to the support elements sufficiently to allow the casting to move along the strand guide.

Abstract: A hydrostatic support arrangement comprising a pressure chamber for a pressurized fluid medium, and a bearing surface which is pressed against a part to be borne or supported by the pressure of the pressurized fluid medium effective in the pressure chamber, which pressure bears against a support member. The pressure chamber and the bearing surface are constituted by a common section or profile member formed of an elastomeric material adapted to bear on the support member.

Abstract: Deflection control device, having a stationary supporting member; said supporting member comprising a series of hydrostatic supporting elements; said device also having a shell movable transversely in relation to the series of said supporting elements; ducts being provided in said supporting member for supplying or discharging pressure fluid for said supporting elements; a partition wall separating two of said ducts from one another; the position of said partition wall being variable along the series of said supporting elements.

Abstract: Hydrostatic apparatus for supporting a mobile part which moves relatively to a foundation comprises a bearing shoe having a bearing face containing a pressure pocket, and a hydraulic servomotor which exerts on the shoe a force urging it toward the mobile part. A support element connected with the shoe and the foundation positively holds the shoe against movement in at least one direction along its supporting axis, and its restraint is so correlated with the pressure forces acting on the shoe that the latter is rendered non-displaceable. Depending upon the relative magnitudes of the forces developed by the servomotor and by the pressure acting on the bearing face, the support element may normally be unloaded, loaded in tension or loaded in compression. In the first case, the support element prevents movement of the shoe in opposite directions along the support axis, whereas in the second and third cases it may permit movement of the shoe toward and away from the foundation, respectively.

Abstract: A deflection-controlled roll has a roll shell rotatably mounted about a fixed beam and disposed on a plurality of hydraulic piston support or pressure devices positioned along the roll for exerting forces between the beam and the roll shell. The roll shell is formed of an elastomeric material and is provided with a stiffener insert embedded in the material of the shell for increasing its resistance to circumferential deformation. The stiffener insert may include a metal helical coil extending about the axis of the roll shell or a corrugated tube coaxial with the shell. The roll shell may also include a plurality of annular inserts spaced along the interior of the shell the inner surfaces of which form bearing surfaces for the support devices.

Abstract: A rolling mill has a pair of working rolls each provided with one or more sag-compensating back-up rolls on the respective side of the rolling plane having a fixed support beam with a roll shell rotatable about the beam and hydrostatic support means mounted on the beam for exerting pressure against the shell. Two sag-compensating back-up rolls for each working roll define two support planes at an angle to each other. The support planes may be at equal angles to the rolling plane. With different diameter back-up rolls the support plane of the smaller diameter roll may be at a smaller angle to the rolling plane, and the smaller diameter roll may be on the downstream side of the working roll. Lateral support means for the working rolls may be provided by sag-compensating rolls or by hydrostatic support devices acting directly on the working roll surfaces. The lateral support forces may be controlled to counteract the tractive force on the material being rolled.

Abstract: The deflection-controlled roll has a roll shell rotatable about a fixed beam with a plurality of hydraulic piston support devices along the roll for exerting support forces between the beam and the roll shell. The roll shell has weakened zones along its length for reducing the stiffness of the shell. The weakened zones may comprise grooves, circumferential rows of bores or tangential slots, corrugated annular inserts, etc. The weakened zones may be formed between annular portions of the roll shell aligned with the operating surfaces of the support devices. Preferably the support devices form hydrostatic support fluid layers between the operating surfaces and the roll shell. Lift-off support devices may be employed.

Abstract: A controlled deflection roll comprising a stationary support and a substantially tubular-shaped roll shell rotatable about said support. Between the support and the roll shell there are arranged a number of movable piston-like hydrostatic pressure elements having contact surfaces serving to support the roll shell. The invention contemplates providing the pressure elements with substantially flat side surfaces extending in the direction of movement of the pressure elements. The side surfaces of neighboring pressure elements disposed at the same side thereof are located in a common plane. In order to connect neighboring pressure elements there are provided connection components having resilient flaps or tabs which bear against the flat side surfaces of at least two neighboring pressure elements.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for supporting hot metal components such as slabs in a continuous casting plant which comprises a roll having at least one elongated member which defines a series of undulations disposed about the outer surface of the roll. Preferably the elongated member forms a series of intermeshing separate or continuous coils which extend over the portion of the roll adapted to support the hot metal components. The coils are secured to the roll surface at positions spaced thereabout and are spaced from each other a distance such that the undulations of adjacent coils intermesh so as to provide shielding of the outer surface of the roll from direct contact with the radiant heat from the hot metal components.

Abstract: Rolls of a rolling mill have hydraulic pressure exerted on the exterior surfaces thereof by hydrostatic pressure devices which produce hydraulic pressure in the gaps between bearing surfaces of the devices and the roll, and a flow of the hydraulic fluid in the gaps to cool the rolls. The pressure may be applied to press the rolls together, and also to provide lateral support. Different pressures may be applied to devices spaced parallel to the roll axis. Quadrilateral and overlapping rhomboidal bearing surfaces may be employed. A pair of small diameter working rolls may be pressed together by larger diameter pressure rolls and lateral support provided for the working rolls.

Abstract: A roll for rolling mill, preferably a sag-compensating roll having hydrostatic support piston means, is provided with one or more heat-control devices each comprising a piston mounted in a chamber supported by the support beam of the roll and provided with an operating plate facing the inner surface of the roll shell. The surface of the operating plate has grooved ducts connected with the interior of the chamber to supply heat-control liquid to a thin gap produced between the operating plate and the roll shell. Such ducts may terminate short of the boundary of the plate and intermediate ducts may extend to the boundary. With a plurality of heat-control devices spaced in a row, overlapping oblique parallelogram plates may be employed, with connecting pins to prevent relative rotation therebetween.

Abstract: A sag-compensating roll comprises a roll shell rotatable about a support beam with hydrostatic support means therebetween. The ends of the beam are supported in casings at each end of the roll. End sections of the roll shell are rotatably mounted in pivotally mounted arms in the casings which pivot about an axis spaced from the roll axis. Couplings between the end sections and the central portion of the roll shell provide centering while allowing pivoting movement therebetween. A drive shaft in one housing is coaxial with the pivot axis and drives the corresponding end section through a transmission. A drive motor is mounted on the casing. Three mutually perpendicular exterior surfaces of the casings permit assembly of a plurality of rolls to form a calender.

Abstract: Apparatus for making corrugated sheet comprises a pair of meshed flexure compensating grooved rolls and laying-on means for applying a cover sheet to a corrugated web. Hydraulically-operated flexure compensating means are employed, advantageously pistons with hydrostatic lubrication. One of the grooved rolls cooperates with the laying-on means, which may be a pressure roll, a pneumatic hood with a suction chamber, or a traveling belt, and the grooved roll has flexure compensating means acting against the laying-on means. With a pressure roll, flexure compensating means may be employed therein which acts against the cooperating grooved roll. The axis of rotation of the roll shell of one grooved roll may be fixed, and the other grooved roll which cooperates with a pressure roll may have a roll shell disposed for radial or linear translation. The plane of the axes of the cooperating pressure and grooved rolls may be at a substantial angle to the plane through the axes of the pair of grooved rolls, preferably 90.