Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing aliphatic carbonic acid esters by reacting at least one aliphatic carboxylic acid of formula (I) R1—COOH (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms, with at least one alcohol of formula (II) R2—(OH)n (II), wherein R2 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 100 C atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 10, in the presence of at least one transesterification catalyst in a reaction tube the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form the ester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing amides of aliphatic carboxylic acids by reacting at least one carbonic acid ester of formula (I) R3—COOR4 (I), wherein R3 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 to 100 carbon atoms and R4 represents a hydrocarbon group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or wherein R3 and R4 form an optionally substituted ring with 5, 6 or 7 ring members, with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2 (II), wherein R1 and R2 independently represent hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group with 1 to 100 C atoms, in a reaction tube the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form carboxamide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing amides of aromatic carboxylic acids by reacting at least one carbonic acid ester of formula (I) R3—OOOR4, wherein R3 represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group with 5 to 100 carbon atoms and R4 represents a hydrocarbon group with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2, wherein R1 and R2 independently represent hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group with 1 to 100 C atoms, in a reaction tube the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form carboxamide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for N-acylating amino group-carrying organic acids by reacting at least one carboxylic acid of formula (I) R1—COOH (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms, with at least one at least one amino group-carrying organic acid of formula (II) R2NH-A-X (II), wherein A represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms, X represents an acid group or the metal salt thereof and R2 represents hydrogen, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 C atoms or a group of the formula -A-X, wherein A and X independently are defined as above, in a reaction tube the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form amide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing aromatic carboxylic acid esters by reacting at least one aromatic carboxylic acid of formula (I) Ar—COOH (I), wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted aryl group with 5 to 50 atoms, with at least one alcohol of formula (II) R2—(OH)n (II), wherein R2 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 100 C atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 10, in the presence of at least one transesterification catalyst in a reaction tube, the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form the ester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for continuously carrying out chemical reactions. The device comprises a microwave generator, a microwave applicator accommodating a microwave-transparent tube, and an isothermal reaction section which is arranged such that the material to be reacted is guided inside the microwave-transparent tube through a microwave applicator which is used as the heating zone and in which it is heated to reaction temperature by means of microwaves that are emitted from the microwave generator into the microwave applicator. The material to be reacted, which is heated and optionally under pressure, is transferred from the microwave applicator to an isothermal reaction zone once it has left the heating zone, said reaction zone being arranged downstream of the heating zone, and is cooled once it has left the isothermal reaction zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a comb polymer made of a polymer main chain and polyester side chains linked to said polymer main chain via ester groups, characterized in that (i) the polymer main chain is a polycarbolic acid or a copolymer polycarbolic acid (A), (ii) the polyester side chains comprises the components (B1) C8-dicarbolic acids, optionally sulfonated, (B2) dioles and/or polyolethers having 2 OH groups, and (C) non-ionic terminal groups of the formula -0-(AO)xR, where A means ethylene, propylene, or butylene, x is a number from 1 to 100, and R is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 C atoms; (iii) the total percent by mass of the polyester side chains B1+B2+C is 80 to 99.9%, relative to the total mass of the comb polymer; (iv) the polyester side chains are obtained from an esterification reaction of the components B1, B2, and C at a mass ratio B1+B2/C of 2:1 to 100:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing fatty acid alkanol amides by reacting at least one amine that contains at least one primary or secondary amino group and at least one hydroxyl group with at least one fatty acid to form an ammonium salt, said ammonium salt being subsequently converted into the alkanol amide by means of microwave radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing bisbenzoxazoles that are interconnected by means of a system of conjugated double bonds, according to which o-aminophenols are reacted with dicarboxylic acids, the carboxyl groups of which are interconnected via a double bond or a system of conjugated double bonds, to form an ammonium salt, said ammonium salt being converted in the presence of dehydrogenating catalysts and solvents with a low dielectric loss into benzoxazol by means of microwave radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing tertiary amides of alkylphenyl carboxylic acids by reacting at least one secondary amine with at least one alkylphenyl carboxylic acid to form an ammonium salt, said ammonium salt being subsequently converted into the tertiary amide by means of microwave radiation.

Abstract: The invention provides surfactant-free cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and dermatological compositions comprising at least one copolymer obtainable by free-radical copolymerization of A) acryloyldimethyltaurine and/or acryloyldimethyltaurates, B) if desired, one or more further olefinically unsaturated, noncationic comonomers, C) if desired, one or more olefinically unsaturated, cationic comonomers, D) if desired, one or more silicon-containing components, E) if desired, one or more fluorine-containing components, F) if desired, one or more macromonomers, G) the copolymerization taking place if desired in the presence of at least one polymeric additive, H) with the proviso that component A) is copolymerized with at least one component selected from one of the groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing amides, according to which at least one carboxylic acid of formula (I) R3—COON ??(I) wherein R3 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl group comprising between 1 and 4 carbon atoms, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2 ??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt, and said ammonium salt is then reacted to form a carboxylic acid amide, under microwave irradiation in a reaction pipe, the longitudinal axis of the pipe being oriented in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator.

Abstract: The invention provides cosmetic, pharmaceutical and dermatological compositions comprising at least one copolymer obtainable by free-radical copolymerization of A) acryloyldimethyltaurine and/or acryloyldimethyltaurates, B) optionally, one or more further olefinically unsaturated, noncationic comonomers, C) optionally, one or more olefinically unsaturated, cationic comonomers, D) optionally, one or more silicon-containing components, E) optionally, one or more fluorine-containing components, F) optionally, one or more macromonomers, G) the copolymerization taking place if desired in the presence of at least one polymeric additive.

Abstract: The invention relates to additives in the form of non-ionic polyesters comprising terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, optionally propylene glycol, C—C-alkyl-polyalkene glycol ether, and a multifunctional cross-linked monomer. Said polyesters preferably have a flow factor ff of greater than 8, and preferably have a melting point of over 40° C. and molecular weights Mp of 4,000 to 15,000 g/mol. Said polyesters are suitable as soil release components in detergents and cleaning agents.

Abstract: A process for producing polyester pellets is claimed. This process consists in a) grinding the melt of the polyester, after the production thereof, to a powder with particle sizes of d90,3=10 to 150 mm, and b) processing this powder to pellets with particle sizes of 150 to 1600 mm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing amides, according to which at least one carboxylic acid of formula (I) R3-COON (I), wherein R3 is an optionally substituted alkenyl group comprising between 2 and 4 carbon atoms, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2 (II), wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt and/or a Michael adduct, and said ammonium salt is then reacted to form a carboxylic acid amide. under microwave irradiation in a reaction pipe, the longitudinal axis of the pipe being oriented in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing carboxylic acid amides, according to which at least one carboxylic acid of formula (I) R3—COON ??(I) wherein R3 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical comprising between 1 and 50 carbon atoms, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2 ??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt, and said ammonium salt is reacted in the presence of superheated water, under microwave irradiation, to form a carboxylic acid amide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing fatty acid amides, according to which at least one fatty acid of formula (I), R3—COOH??(I) wherein R3 is an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II), HNR1R2??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt, and said ammonium salt is then reacted to form a fatty acid amide, under microwave irradiation in a reaction pipe, the longitudinal axis of the pipe being oriented in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing amides of aromatic carboxylic acids, according to which at least one aromatic carboxylic acid of formula (I) Ar—COON ??(I) wherein Ar is an optionally substituted aryl radical comprising between 5 and 50 atoms, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2 ??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt, and said ammonium salt is then reacted to form a carboxylic acid amide, under microwave irradiation in a reaction pipe, the longitudinal axis of the pipe being oriented in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for producing hydroxycarboxylic acid amides, according to which at least one hydroxycarboxylic acid of formula (I) HO—R3—COOH??(I) wherein R3 is an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group comprising between 1 and 100 carbon atoms, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II) HNR1R2??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a carbon group comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt, and said ammonium salt is then reacted to form a hydroxycarboxylic acid amide, under microwave irradiation in a reaction pipe, the longitudinal axis of the pipe being oriented in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator.