Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining a gas/oil ratio using gas chromatography and optical analysis of a fluid sample obtained using a fluid sampling tool. In some embodiments, a gas/oil ratio may be determined from the mass fraction of each light component of the fluid, the mass fraction of each intermediate component of the fluid, a molecular weight of each light component of the fluid, a molecular weight of each intermediate component of the fluid, the density of stock tank oil, the vapor mass fraction of the intermediate components of the fluid, and the mass fraction of the plus fraction of the fluid. In some embodiments, a gas/oil ratio may be determined from the density of stock tank oil, the vapor mole fraction of the intermediate components of the fluid, and the molecular weight of stock tank oil.

Abstract: Methods and devices for determining a plus fraction of a plus fraction of a gas chromatogram are provided. A gas chromatogram may obtained, such as from a downhole gas chromatograph module of a fluid analysis tool. The plus fraction of the gas chromatogram may be determined using one or more of a ratiometric determination, fitting an exponential decay function, and fitting a probability density gamma function.

Abstract: A technique facilitates detection and analysis of constituents, e.g. chemicals, which may be found in formation fluids and/or other types of fluids. The technique comprises intermittently introducing a first fluid and a second fluid into a channel in a manner which forms slugs of the first fluid separated by the second fluid. The intermittent fluids are flowed through the channel to create a mixing action which mixes the fluid in the slugs. The mixing increases the exchange, e.g. transfer, of the chemical constituent between the second fluid and the first fluid. The exchange aids in sensing an amount of the chemical or chemicals for analysis. In many applications, the intermittent introduction, mixing, and measuring can be performed in a subterranean environment.

Abstract: A method for analyzing formation fluid in a subterranean formation is disclosed, wherein the method includes the steps of: adding a scavenger compound to an analytical reagent to form a reagent solution; collecting an amount of formation fluid into a formation tester, wherein the formation tester includes at least one fluids analyzer comprising at least one probe, at least one flow line, at least one reagent container, and at least one spectral analyzer, wherein the fluids analyzer is configured such that the collected formation fluid is fed through the at least one flow line to the at least one spectral analyzer; mixing an amount of the collected formation fluid with an amount of the reagent solution to form a mixture; and analyzing the mixture downhole.

Abstract: A method for determining scaling cation concentration may include introducing a first solution that includes a scaling cation, incrementally adding a portion of the first solution to a volume of a second solution comprising a counter scaling anion and a complexing agent, wherein the second solution comprises a fixed concentration of the counter scaling anion and the agent, to form a mixed solution, adding the first solution to the second solution until a precipitate of the scaling cation and the counter scaling anion forms, and determining the scaling cation concentration of the first solution.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for mixing a first fluid with a second fluid are described herein. One such apparatus includes a chamber that contains the first fluid and the second fluid. The apparatus also includes a piston that is positioned within the chamber and that is movable within the chamber. The piston can move back and forth to mix the first fluid and the second fluid together. The apparatus further includes a restrictor that provides for controlled movement of the piston and thus protects the piston and other components of the apparatus during operation.

Abstract: A method of analyzing physical properties of a sample includes obtaining the sample and obtaining an electromagnetic spectrum of the sample using terahertz spectroscopy. A sample complex permittivity is computed from the electromagnetic spectrum of the sample. The method further includes estimating the constituents and the constituent fractions and computing an estimated effective complex permittivity based upon a model and the constituent fractions. The method further includes comparing the computed sample complex permittivity with the estimated effective complex permittivity in order to determine the physical properties the sample.

Abstract: A method for determining a property of a formation is described herein. The method includes positioning a wellbore tool at a location within a wellbore. A formation fluid is withdrawn from the formation using the wellbore tool. The formation fluid is passed through a flow line within the wellbore tool and a formation fluid sample is extracted from the flow line. The method further includes analyzing the formation fluid sample within the wellbore tool to determine a property of the formation fluid sample. The analysis is performed by excluding mud filtrate contamination within the flow line.

Abstract: Described herein are variable-volume reservoir (e.g., syringe pump) based processes and systems usable to characterize samples of reservoir fluids, without having to first transport the fluids to the surface. Variable-volume reservoirs are used, for example, for one or more of storing reactants, controlling mixing ratios and storing used chemicals. The processes and systems can be used in various modes, such as continuous mixing mode, flow injection analysis, and titrations. A fluid interrogator, such as a spectrometer, can be used to detect a change in a physical property of the mixture, which is indicative of an analyte within the mixture. In at least some embodiments, a concentration of the analyte solution can be determined from the detected physical property.

Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses and mixtures are described for detecting hydrogen sulfide in a formation fluid downhole. A detection mixture is combined with the formation fluid downhole. The detection mixture includes metal ions for reacting with hydrogen sulfide forming a metal sulfide, and charged nanoparticles sized so as to inhibit significant aggregation of the metal sulfide so as to enable spectroscopic detection of the metal sulfide downhole. The combined mixture and formation fluid is then spectroscopically interrogated so as to detect the presence of the metal sulfide thereby indicating the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the formation fluid. The mixture also includes chelating ligands for sustaining thermal endurance of the mixture under downhole conditions.

Abstract: Described herein are variable-volume reservoir (e.g., syringe pump) based processes and systems usable to characterize samples of reservoir fluids, without having to first transport the fluids to the surface. Variable-volume reservoirs are used, for example, for one or more of storing reactants, controlling mixing ratios and storing used chemicals. The processes and systems can be used in various modes, such as continuous mixing mode, flow injection analysis, and titrations. A fluid interrogator, such as a spectrometer, can be used to detect a change in a physical property of the mixture, which is indicative of an analyte within the mixture. In at least some embodiments, a concentration of the analyte solution can be determined from the detected physical property.

Abstract: Methods and devices for detecting a concentration of one or more element in hydrocarbon and/or natural gas in a oil and gas field application. The device including a microstructure having a low thermal mass suspended within a channel, the microstructure includes a supporting layer and a insulating layer; a controllable thermal device in communication with the supporting layer of the microstructure, wherein the controllable thermal device is controllably heated to one or more release temperature of the one or more element; a sensing layer arranged on the insulating layer to absorb molecules of the one or more element from hydrocarbon and/or natural gas; a detecting and measuring resistance device in communication with the sensing layer for measuring the resistance changes caused by absorption of molecules of the one or more element onto the sensing layer at a first temperature and a second temperature, and storing the data on a processor.

Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses and mixtures are described for spectroscopic detection of hydrogen sulfide in a fluid, for example a formation fluid downhole. A reagent mixture is combined with the fluid. The reagent mixture includes metal ions for reacting with hydrogen sulfide forming a metal sulfide, and a solvent that stabilizes the metal sulfide nanoparticles and assist in preventing precipitation by electrostatic stabilization. The solvent includes a property having a density above 1 kg/l. Further, dissolving the metal ions into the solvent to create the reagent mixture, and mixing the reagent mixture with the hydrogen sulfide sample in a formation. So, the metal ions of the reagent mixture react with the hydrogen sulfide sample to form the metal sulfide nanoparticles, resulting in the metal sulfide nanoparticles having properties with a density from 1 kg/l to about 8 kg/l.

Abstract: A formation fluid sampling tool is provided with reactants which are carried downhole and which are combined in order to generate heat energy which is applied to the formation adjacent the borehole. By applying heat energy to the formation, the formation fluids are heated, thereby increasing mobility, and fluid sampling is expedited.

Abstract: A method for analyzing formation fluid in a subterranean formation is disclosed, wherein the method includes the steps of: adding a scavenger compound to an analytical reagent to form a reagent solution; collecting an amount of formation fluid into a formation tester, wherein the formation tester includes at least one fluids analyzer comprising at least one probe, at least one flow line, at least one reagent container, and at least one spectral analyzer, wherein the fluids analyzer is configured such that the collected formation fluid is fed through the at least one flow line to the at least one spectral analyzer; mixing an amount of the collected formation fluid with an amount of the reagent solution to form a mixture; and analyzing the mixture downhole.

Abstract: Methods and devices for detecting a concentration of one or more element in hydrocarbon and/or natural gas in a oil and gas field application. The device including a microstructure having a low thermal mass suspended within a channel, the microstructure includes a supporting layer and a insulating layer; a controllable thermal device in communication with the supporting layer of the microstructure, wherein the controllable thermal device is controllably heated to one or more release temperature of the one or more element; a sensing layer arranged on the insulating layer to absorb molecules of the one or more element from hydrocarbon and/or natural gas; a detecting and measuring resistance device in communication with the sensing layer for measuring the resistance changes caused by absorption of molecules of the one or more element onto the sensing layer at a first temperature and a second temperature, and storing the data on a processor.

Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses and mixtures are described for detecting hydrogen sulfide in a formation fluid downhole. A detection mixture is combined with the formation fluid downhole. The detection mixture includes metal ions for reacting with hydrogen sulfide forming a metal sulfide, and charged nanoparticles sized so as to inhibit significant aggregation of the metal sulfide so as to enable spectroscopic detection of the metal sulfide downhole. The combined mixture and formation fluid is then spectroscopically interrogated so as to detect the presence of the metal sulfide thereby indicating the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the formation fluid. The mixture also includes chelating ligands for sustaining thermal endurance of the mixture under downhole conditions.

Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses and mixtures are described for detecting hydrogen sulfide in a formation fluid downhole. A detection mixture is combined with the formation fluid downhole. The detection mixture includes metal ions for reacting with hydrogen sulfide forming a metal sulfide, and charged nanoparticles sized so as to inhibit significant aggregation of the metal sulfide so as to enable spectroscopic detection of the metal sulfide downhole. The combined mixture and formation fluid is then spectroscopically interrogated so as to detect the presence of the metal sulfide thereby indicating the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the formation fluid. The mixture also includes chelating ligands for sustaining thermal endurance of the mixture under downhole conditions.

Abstract: A formation fluid sampling tool is provided with reactants which are carried downhole and which are combined in order to generate heat energy which is applied to the formation adjacent the borehole. By applying heat energy to the formation, the formation fluids are heated, thereby increasing mobility, and fluid sampling is expedited.

Abstract: Methods and related apparatuses and mixtures are described for detecting hydrogen sulfide in a formation fluid downhole. A detection mixture is combined with the formation fluid downhole. The detection mixture includes metal ions for reacting with hydrogen sulfide forming a metal sulfide, and charged nanoparticles sized so as to inhibit significant aggregation of the metal sulfide so as to enable spectroscopic detection of the metal sulfide downhole. The combined mixture and formation fluid is then spectroscopically interrogated so as to detect the presence of the metal sulfide thereby indicating the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the formation fluid. The mixture also includes chelating ligands for sustaining thermal endurance of the mixture under downhole conditions.