Abstract: Aqueous dispersions having low VOCs are dispersions or solutions of polyesters. The polyesters useful are formed from A) between about 30 and about 60 mole percent polycarboxylic acids, of which at least about 80 mole percent comprises cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids, B) between about 35 and about 70 mole percent polyols of which at least about 95 mole percent comprises diols, and between about 40 and about 100 mole percent of the polyol content comprising cycloaliphatic diols, and C) between about 5 and about 25 mole percent of a monomer having dihydroxy, monocarboxylic acid functionality. The molar ratio of (B+C)/A is between about 1.01 and about 1.30, whereby the polyester is hydroxyl-terminated having hydroxyl numbers of between about 20 and about 150 and acid numbers between about 30 and about 100. The weight average molecular weight of the polyester is between about 1000 and about 20,000.

Abstract: The combination of an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer and a water soluble amine salt of a fatty acid is useful as a hydrophilic coating for the surfaces of fins in a heat exchanger. The exchanger is more efficient because the coating prevents the blockage of air flow by beads of condensed water which would otherwise build up in the narrow spaces between the fins.

Abstract: A waterborne paint for traffic marking contains as an emulsion binder, a support polymer formed of styrene and acrylic acid monomers and having an acid value of between about 50 and about 250 and a hydrophobic emulsion polymer comprised of acrylic ester monomers and optionally including styrene monomers. The support polymer, in aqueous ammonia solution, acts as a surfactant, maintaining the emulsion polymer within micelles. Paints in accordance with the invention contain between about 10 and about 15 wt. percent of the emulsion polymer, between about 60 and about 75 wt. percent fillers or pigments and between about 9 and about 18 wt. percent water. Due to the high solids loading and low water content, the waterborne traffic marking paint is fast drying. Colored paints prefereably utilize banded pigments.

Abstract: A low cost, high performance coating for sheet metal which is to be formed into siding for houses and automobile panels is made from a polyester prepared by the condensation of hexahydrophthalic acid and a mixture of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and an acyclic polyol wherein the mole percent of acyclic polyol is from 50 to 60; and a crosslinking agent containing the --N--CH.sub.2 --OR moiety wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the unsatisfied valence is attached to an organic group capable of incorporation into a film.

Abstract: The combination of an ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer and a water soluble amine salt of a fatty acid is useful as a hydrophilic coating for the surfaces of fins in a heat exchanger. The exchanger is more efficient because the coating prevents the blockage of air flow by beads of condensed water which would otherwise build up in the narrow spaces between the fins.

Abstract: The invention provides novel acrylic resins particularly useful for formulating polyvinylidene fluoride/thermosetting acrylic polymer coating compositions. The acrylic polymer is comprised of (a) acrylic acids and acrylic esters having no additional functionality, (b) acrylic acids and acrylic esters having additional functionality by which the acrylic polymer may be cross-linked, and (c) an acryloxyalkyl oxizolidine.

Abstract: A primer coating system is disclosed that is resistant to abrasion and corrosion and includes a basecoat or first layer comprising a resinous polyepoxide, an aminoplast, phenoplast or blocked isocyanate curing agent, an epoxy-phosphate, a chromium-containing pigment and a clay that has the capacity to fix phosphate. The system may further include an overcoat or second layer comprising a resinous polyhydric alcohol, a polyisocyanate, a chromium-containing pigment and the foregoing clay, and a third layer of a finish coating preferably based on a fluorine-containing polymer.

Abstract: A coating composition adapted to adhere to a chrome surface is disclosed in which a solvent soluble hydroxy-functional acrylic copolymer, including a copolymerized tertiary amine monomer in an amount of from 5% to 40% of the weight of the copolymer, is combined with an organic polyisocyanate curing agent for the soluble copolymer, this composition containing the copolymer and the polyisocyanate curing agent in amounts to provide an equivalent ratio of NCO:OH of from 1.2:1 to 0.5:1. The two components are provided as a two package system which is mixed prior to application.

Abstract: Ultraviolet-curable liquid coating compositions are disclosed in which improved adhesion to metal and plastic surfaces is obtained. This improvement is obtained by using, in admixture: (1) from 10% to about 60% of total resin solids of an organic solvent-soluble solution copolymer of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers including from 2.5% to 10% of tertiary amine monomer which is an aminoalkyl ester or amide of an alpha, beta-monoethylenic monocarboxylic acid in which the alkyl group contains 2-4 carbon atoms; and (2) from 40% to 90% of total resin solids of radiation-curable ethylenically unsaturated liquid. The coating composition includes photoinitiators and/or photosensitizers rendering the composition sensitive to ultraviolet light, and the components are present in solution in at least about 10% of inert volatile organic solvent.

Abstract: An hydroxy-functional polyurethane reaction product is disclosed which enables the provision of thermosetting solution coating compositions which cure at low temperature to form flexible coatings. These polyurethanes are provided by the reaction of an organic diisocyanate with a stoichiometric excess of an essentially linear hydroxy-functional polyester which is the polyesterification reaction product of C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof with a stoichiometric excess of C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 aliphatic diol providing an alcohol/acid molar ratio of 3/2 to 6/5. The reaction is substantially complete as indicated by an acid number less than 10, and the diisocyanate is used in an amount providing an NCO/OH ratio of from 2/3 to 12/13. The thermosetting solution coating composition is provided by an organic solvent having dissolved therein from 5-50% of total resin solids of a curing agent reactive with hydroxy groups together with the polyurethane which has been described.

Abstract: High solids thermosetting organic solvent solution coating compositions are disclosed which are particularly useful for sealing the pores in fiber reinforced plastics. These compositions contain a mixture of resins comprising (1) from 30% to 70% of one or more hydroxy functional resins having a number average molecular weight of at least about 700, a Gardner bubble viscosity less than about Z.sub.4 measured in methyl ethyl ketone at 90% solids at 25.degree. C., and at least 5% of the hydroxy groups thereof being primary hydroxy groups, (2) from 10% to 70% of low molecular weight epoxy ester made by esterifying one or more resinous polyepoxides having a 1,2-epoxy equivalency of at least 1.2 with an approximately stoichiometric proportion of monocarboxylic fatty acid to provide an essentially epoxy-free ester having a Gardner bubble viscosity less than Z.sub.4 at 75% solids in xylol at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: An essentially linear polyester oligomer having hydroxyl and carboxyl terminal groups for subsequent cure and its production are disclosed. This polyester oligomer is produced by first adducting approximately equimolar amounts of diol carrying two primary hydroxyl groups and a dicarboxylic acid anhydride to form an hydroxy acid. The carboxyl groups of this hydroxy acid are then esterified by reaction with an approximately stoichiometric proportion of diol carrying one primary hydroxyl group and one secondary hydroxyl group, the stoichiometry being based on the total hydroxyl content of the diol and the carboxyl content of the hydroxy acid, to form an hydroxyl-terminated oligomer. This hydroxyl-terminated oligomer is then adducted with a polycarboxylic acid monoanhydride having a carboxyl functionality of at least 3, this monoanhydride being used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.15 equivalents of anhydride per hydroxyl equivalent in the hydroxyl-terminated oligomer.

Abstract: A method of providing a stone chip-resistant finish to the undersurface of an automobile is disclosed in which the undersurface is coated with a cationically initiated liquid mixture of cationically curable polyepoxide, polyhydric alcohol, and a photoinitiator for an ultraviolet-activated cationic cure. The liquid mixture is applied at a resin solids content of at least about 50% and in a thickness to provide a cured coating of at least 2 mils thick, and the wet coating is cured by exposing it to ultraviolet light. The automobile undersurface is desirably primed with a cross-linked amine-functional polymer primer, and the coating includes from 1% to 8% of a finely divided silica which prevents running but does not interfere with the ultraviolet cure.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light-curable liquid coating composition for molded plastic objects is disclosed. The composition is a liquid mixture of a polyurethane oligomer polyacrylate and an hydroxy-functional polyacrylate ester. The polyacrylate ester is present in an amount of from more than 50% up to 70% of total polyacrylate, and the composition is in solution in alcoholic solvent providing a solids content of from 65% to 90%. A photoinitiator is included to render the composition curable upon exposure to ultraviolet light.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light-curable liquid coating composition for molded plastic objects is disclosed. The composition is a liquid mixture of a polyurethane oligomer polyacrylate and an hydroxy-functional polyacrylate ester. The polyacrylate ester is present in an amount of 5% to 95% of total polyacrylate. The composition is preferably in solution in alcoholic solvent having a solids content of from 40% to 90%. A photoinitiator is included to render the composition curable upon exposure to ultraviolet light.

Abstract: Coating compositions consist essentially of (a) ethylenically unsaturated monomers, (b) polyol-containing curable resins, (c) resins having ethylenic unsaturation and (d) solvent. The compositions are especially useful for the coating of products made from sheet molding compounds.

Abstract: Reactive diluents are derived from the reaction of a glycidyl ester and a hydroxyl and/or carboxyl functional compound. The diluents are useful in coating compositions together with crosslinking agents and, optionally, polyols.

Abstract: Esters of glycidyl polyethers of saturated phenols are especially useful in coating compositions having a low organic solvent content. The esters are the reaction products of from about 0.5 to about 1.5 equivalents of a saturated monocarboxylic acid with each epoxy group in a diglycidyl polyether of phenols where the aromatic rings of the phenols are saturated.

Abstract: Esters of imidazolidinedione-based diepoxides are especially useful in coating compositions having a low organic solvent content. The esters have the structure ##STR1## wherein R and R' are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, one X is hydrogen and the other X is ##STR2## one Y is hydrogen and the other Y is ##STR3## where the R" groups are independently saturated hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 17 carbon atoms or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups having from 4 to 17 carbon atoms and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Esters of imidazolidinedione-based triepoxides are especially useful in coating compositions having a low organic solvent content. The esters have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, one X is hydrogen, one Y is hydrogen, one Z is hydrogen and the other X, Y and Z are ##STR2## where the R" groups are independently hydrocarbon groups having from 1 to 17 carbon atoms.