Abstract: An optical network including multiple nodes is subject to intermittent faults that may raise alarms in the system. The invention focuses on an optical network based on the Any rate architecture. A single fault such as a client failure at a node in such a network can give rise to a loss of client signal leading to multiple alarms detected at multiple points. To alleviate this problem this invention provides switching in a special Signature signal in place of the lost client signal. By detecting the Signature signal containing a specific code, the fault on the any rate-based architecture can be uniquely identified. In addition to fault identification, the Signature signal on the network makes it possible to maintain Clock and Data Recovery Locks at downstream nodes. The Signature signal serves also as a vehicle for carrying a special optical tag called Wavekey provided by the Wavelength Tracker technology developed by the Applicant.

Abstract: A process for modeling and graphically simulating a real environment in order to train a user to obtain a desired performance. This process enables the user to input model parameters from real events to simulate the real event, to interact with the system, and to track the results. The process uses factors, one of which is the user, to simulate real scenarios. Each factor is defined by parameters and data from the real event. All factors are input prior to the simulation; the user's event data is input automatically as the user reacts to the other factors' actions during the simulation. The system tracks the user's performance and compares it to what happened in the real event. This system has particular application to training the user to respond properly in real situations, such as sporting events, medical emergencies, military missions, and casino gaming.

Abstract: An energy absorption device comprises an elongated base member (22) and an elongated mechanically fused spring arm (30) extending longitudinally from a first end (32) secured to the base member to a free distal end (34). The spring arm has resilience for storing mechanical energy when flexed from a normally unflexed position' to a flexed position. During such movement, the resistance offered by the mechanical fusing must be overcome. Thus the device serves both to store and to dissipate mechanical energy. Suitable fusing mechanisms include shear pins and mechanical fuse strips (40). A system comprising a passenger safety crossbar (10) supported by a pair of such energy absorption devices is also disclosed.