Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to positioning enhancements. A first device receives, from a second device providing a serving cell for the first device, a configuration of a plurality of SRS triggering states associated with a plurality of SRSs on a group of bandwidth parts. The first device receives, from the second device, an indication of a target triggering state of the plurality of SRS triggering states. The first device then transmits, based on the target triggering state, the plurality of SRSs on at least a part of the group of bandwidth parts sequentially. In this way, SRS transmissions across multiple SRS resources or SRS resource sets withing multiple BWPs can be triggered in a frequency hopping manner via single DCI, which reduces the signaling overhead and latency, and improve the positioning efficiency.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program is described comprising: obtaining aggregated reference signals received from multiple signal carriers over channels of a mobile communication system, said signal carriers having different carrier frequencies; initialising: a first matrix, a channel power matrix and a noise estimate; and sequentially updating: a channel impulse response estimate, said channel power matrix and said noise estimate using mathematical maximisation; a second matrix; a vector of channel frequency offset; and the first matrix. The sequential updating is repeated until a termination condition reached.

Abstract: According to an example embodiment, a client device is configured to receive a first positioning reference signal; identify an orientation of a polarisation of the first positioning reference signal based on the received first positioning reference signal; estimate an orientation of the client device based on at least the identified orientation of the polarisation of the first positioning reference signal; and provide the orientation estimate to a network node device, Devices, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising selecting a reference point associated with a position of a terminal device (302), determining a timing offset associated with one or more first antenna panels (304), wherein the timing offset is determined based at least partly on the reference point, and applying the timing offset to the one or more first antenna panels (305).

Abstract: A method, a device, an apparatus, and a non-transitory computer readable medium are provided. The method comprises: performing, at a first device, an exchange of panel information between the first device and a second device (310); determining, based on the exchange of the panel information, whether one or more receiving panels at the first device and at least one transmitting panel at the second device are available for a positioning (320); performing the positioning measurement of the first device based on the determined availability (330). By the panel information exchange and the panel selection mechanism for the positioning measurement proposed in the method, higher accuracy of positioning can be achieved.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for enhanced positioning protocol for earner aggregation beam selection are provided. A method may include receiving, from a network element, a set of carrier frequencies for a positioning reference signal transmission from a network node. The method may also include receiving a request for a beam count per carrier frequency in the set of carrier frequencies. The method may further include reporting, in response to the request, a table or indexed list including a mapping between a total number of beams and a carrier frequency of the set of carrier frequencies. In addition, the method may include receiving information about a selected transmission beam for one of the set of carrier frequencies.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to for positioning. A first device receives configuration information associated with a first RS for positioning the first device, from a second device in the radio access network. The configuration information comprises frequency hopping configuration associated with transmission of the first RS. The first device receives a second RS for positioning the first device from the second device on a first frequency hop and a second frequency RS hop overlapping with the first frequency hop in frequency domain. The first device causes pre-compensation for the transmission of the first RS to be performed based on a phase offset obtained from the received second RS. The first device transmits the first RS to the second device based on the configuration information.

Abstract: Certain examples of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus (110) comprising means for: receiving Ultra-Wideband, UWB, Reference Signal, RS, configuration information (503), wherein the UWB RS configuration information comprises information for configuring a transmission or a reception of a UWB RS 508 by the apparatus (110) to or from at least one node of a Radio Access Network, RAN 120; and based at least in part on the received UWB RS configuration information (503), causing transmission or reception of the UWB RS 508 to or from the at least one node of the RAN 120.

Abstract: Reporting integrity measurement error distribution groups is provided. An apparatus may include at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to communicate, with a network device, information that may include one or more integrity distribution groups (IDGs) and corresponding distribution parameters. The apparatus may further perform positioning measurements for positioning integrity and determine one of the one or more IDGs based on at least one of the positioning measurements. A report is transmitted to the network device that may include at least one of the positioning measurements or an identifier of the determined IDG.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices for time synchronization offset identification and refinement for network based positioning in an unlicensed spectrum. An example network device may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network device to receive listen-before-talk (LBT) outcomes from a plurality of base stations (BSs), and identify whether one or more of the plurality of BSs have a time synchronization offset based on the LBT outcomes. The LBT may be related to a reference signal (RS) configured on the BSs. The related methods, apparatuses and computer program product are also disclosed.

Abstract: Inter-alia, a method is disclosed comprising: obtaining a request for measuring at least a combined carrier aggregation error, CAE of one or more component carriers, CCs, configured for the apparatus in a mobile communication network, wherein the combined CAE is indicative of a total of one or more errors resulting from at least one of a transmit error, receive error, or a processing of the one or more CCs; obtaining, based on the request, at least one of one or more positioning reference signals, PRSs, or one or more sounding reference signals, SRSs, of the one or more CCs; determining, based, at least in part, on at least one of the obtained one or more PRSs, or the one or more SRSs, the combined CAE; and providing the determined combined CAE. It is further disclosed an according apparatus, computer program and system.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for Rx-Tx RTT estimation are provided. One method may include transmitting, by a network element, the reference signal to another network element and recording a time stamp (t0) of a time of transmission of the reference signal, and receiving an estimated Rx-Tx measurement from said another network element and recording a time stamp (t3) of a time of receipt of the estimated Rx-Tx measurement. The method may also include calculating a Rx-Tx measurement at the network element based on a difference between the time stamp (t0) of the time of transmission of the reference signal and the time stamp (t3) of the receipt of the estimated Rx-Tx measurement, and determining a propagation delay based on a difference between the received estimated Rx-Tx measurement and the calculated Rx-Tx measurement.

Abstract: There is provided a wireless device. The wireless device clears a downlink assignment based on a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state of an uplink resource for the downlink assignment being associated with a timing advance group (TAG), of two TAGs of a cell, with an expired time alignment timer.

Abstract: A method can include receiving, by a wireless device from a base station, one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages, of a configuration of a secondary cell (SCell). The messages can include an on-demand synchronization signal block (OD-SSB) configuration of one or more OD-SSBs of the SCell, an initial state, of the OD-SSB configuration, indicating whether the one or more OD-SSBs are transmitted by the base station upon configuration of the SCell, or both the OD-SSB configuration and the initial state of the OD-SSB configuration.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a transmit beamforming for positioning. A location management device generates information regarding an angle of departure, the angle of departure being expected for transmission of reference signals for positioning and transmits the information to a device transmitting the reference signals. The device may determine a transmit beamforming solution for transmitting the reference signals based on the angle of departure. In this way, power savings can be achieved due to decreased reference signal overhead. Further, positioning accuracy can be improved through appropriately beamformed reference signal transmissions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising determining one or more radio access nodes based on available location information of a target user device and at least one neighboring user device of the target user device; transmitting a sidelink information request to the one or more radio access nodes, wherein the sidelink information request indicates requesting sidelink information of the target user device and the at least one neighboring user device of the target user device; receiving the sidelink information from the one or more radio access nodes; and transmitting, to at least one of the one or more radio access nodes and/or the at least one neighboring user device, at least a part of a locality database and/or a sidelink positioning configuration for positioning the target user device, wherein the locality database and/or the sidelink positioning configuration are based at least on the sidelink information.

Abstract: A method can include transmitting, by a wireless device, a capability message comprising a field indicating a time gap of the wireless device to complete a procedure of a layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) procedure. The method can also include receiving, by the wireless device, a radio resource control configuration message comprising a configuration of a candidate cell for the LTM procedure. The configuration includes a configured grant and indicates a time resource for an uplink transmission. The method can further include receiving, by the wireless device in a time interval, a medium access control control element indicating cell switch to the candidate cell. The method can further include transmitting, by the wireless device via the candidate cell and the time resource, the uplink transmission, wherein the time resource is after the time gap plus an offset from the time interval.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to positioning. A first device performs positioning measurements of a first set of reference signals in a first frequency range. If the first device determines that quality of service requirements for positioning the first device are satisfied, the first device transmits a first measurement report to a second device. The first measurement report only comprises a first set of measurement results associated with the first set of reference signals.

Abstract: A method can include transmitting, by a wireless device, a user equipment (UE) capability message indicating a switching time for a sounding reference signal (SRS) frequency hopping. The method can also include receiving one or more configuration parameters indicating an SRS resource for the SRS frequency hopping. The method can further include receiving, via a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring occasion, a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling an uplink transmission. The method can additionally include transmitting the uplink transmission and dropping an SRS transmission, on one or more SRS symbols of the one or more SRS resources, based on a time interval being at least a preparation time for the uplink transmission plus a switching time. The time interval can be from a last symbol of the PDCCH monitoring occasion. The one or more SRS symbols can overlap with the uplink transmission.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of retransmission of sidelink positioning reference signal (PRS). The method comprises transmitting, to a second device, a first sidelink reference signal associated with a positioning or ranging procedure of the first device; and receiving, from the second device, a second sidelink reference signal associated with the positioning or ranging procedure, the second sidelink reference signal comprising information indicating whether the first sidelink reference signal needs to be retransmitted. In this way, the retransmission of the sidelink PRS can be triggered without extra resource consumption and a fast RTT estimation for sidelink ranging and positioning can be achieved.