Abstract: There is disclosed an air-conditioning device of a so-called heat pump system which acquires comfortable heating of a vehicle interior by preventing or inhibiting frost formation to an outdoor heat exchanger. A controller calculates a maximum heating capability predicted value without frosting QmaxNfst as a target value of a maximum heating capability which can be generated by a radiator 4 in a range in which an outdoor heat exchanger 7 is not frosted, and controls heating by the radiator 4 and heating by a heating medium-air heat exchanger 40 of a heating medium circulating circuit 23 on the basis of the maximum heating capability predicted value without frosting QmaxNfst and a required heating capability Qtgt which is the heating capability required for the radiator 4 to achieve the required heating capability Qtgt without causing frost formation to the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vehicle air conditioner which can enlarge an effective range of a dehumidifying and cooling mode to realize comfortable air condition in a vehicle interior. A controller changes and executes at least one of a heating mode, a dehumidifying and heating mode, a dehumidifying and cooling mode, and a cooling mode. In at least the dehumidifying and cooling mode, the controller controls a capability of a compressor 2 on the basis of a temperature of a heat absorber 9, and controls a valve position of an outdoor expansion valve 6 on the basis of a temperature or a pressure of the radiator 4, and executes a radiator temperature prior mode to enlarge the capability of the compressor 2, in a case where heat radiation in the radiator 4 runs short.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vehicle air conditioner which can realize a desirable outlet temperature even when a refrigerant subcool degree of a radiator varies. A controller executes a heating mode to let a refrigerant discharged from a compressor 2 radiate heat in a radiator 4, decompress the refrigerant by which heat has been radiated, and then let the refrigerant absorb heat in an outdoor heat exchanger 7, thereby heating in a vehicle interior. The controller controls the compressor 2 on the basis of a radiator target pressure (a target high pressure), and corrects the radiator target pressure (the target high pressure) in such a direction as to heighten when a target subcool degree enlarges, on the basis of the target subcool degree (the refrigerant subcool degree) of the radiator 4.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vehicle air conditioner which can effectively eliminate occurrence of excess or lack of an amount of a refrigerant to be circulated in an internal cycle mode. A controller changes and executes a heating mode, a dehumidifying and heating mode, an internal cycle mode, a dehumidifying and cooling mode, and a cooling mode. When an amount of the refrigerant to be circulated is excessively large in the internal cycle mode, a controller executes a refrigerant sealing mode to seal a refrigerant in an outdoor heat exchanger 7, and when the amount of the refrigerant to be circulated is insufficient, the controller executes a refrigerant discharge mode to discharge the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vehicle air conditioner which improves a frost formation judging precision of an outdoor heat exchanger, acquires a heating performance, and avoids useless defrosting, thereby achieving reduction of power consumption. A controller executes a heating mode. A controller 32 judges frost formation onto an outdoor heat exchanger 7 on the basis of a refrigerant evaporation pressure PXO of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and a refrigerant evaporation pressure PXObase of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 during non-frost formation or on the basis of a refrigerant evaporation temperature TXO of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and a refrigerant evaporation temperature TXObase of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 during the non-frost formation, and allows a high-temperature refrigerant gas to flow through the outdoor heat exchanger 7, thereby performing defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vehicle air conditioner which is capable of selecting and changing an optimum operation mode so that a desirable air conditioning performance can be exerted on conditions such as an environment and a set temperature. A controller changes and executes at least one of a heating mode, a dehumidifying and heating mode, a dehumidifying and cooling mode, and a cooling mode. In the dehumidifying and heating mode, the controller shifts to the dehumidifying and cooling mode on the basis of a situation where heat absorption in a heat absorber 9 runs short or heat radiation in a radiator 4 becomes excessive, and also in this dehumidifying and cooling mode, the controller shifts to the dehumidifying and heating mode on the basis of a situation where the heat radiation in the radiator 4 runs short.

Abstract: A toner including a polyester resin having an amorphous polyester segment is provided. The amorphous polyester segment includes a condensation polymerization product between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The carboxylic acid includes both aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids. The toner deforms with a deformation rate of from 1.0% to 5.0% under a pressure of 100 gf at 40° C. and 80% RH. In a binarized image of an AFM phase image of the toner, first phase-contrast images serving as large-phase-difference portions are dispersed in second phase-contrast images serving as small-phase-difference portions, and the first phase-contrast images have a dispersion diameter of 100 nm or less. An endothermic quantity Q1 obtained in a first heating of DSC is from 10 to 50 J/g, and a ratio of an endothermic quantity obtained in the second heating Q2 to that in first heating Q1 is 0.65 or less.

Abstract: A toner including a crystalline polyester and an amorphous polyester is provided. When the binder resin is extracted from the toner with tetrahydrofuran to obtain an extracted solution, and the extracted solution is heated to remove the tetrahydrofuran and obtain a deposit, the deposit contains spherical domains of the crystalline polyester having an average particle diameter of 7.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus includes an outdoor expansion valve controller configured to control an evaporating temperature of a refrigerant in a heat exchanger by regulating an opening of an outdoor expansion valve during a heating and dehumidifying operation, an evaporating temperature control valve provided in a refrigerant flow passage to an output side of the heat exchanger from which the refrigerant is discharged, and configured to control the evaporating temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger by regulating an amount of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow passage, a temperature detector configured to detect a temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger, and a control changer configured to change control of the evaporating temperature of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger from by regulating an opening of the outdoor expansion valve to by regulating an opening of the evaporating temperature control valve.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus can ensure that the temperature of the air supplied to the vehicle interior is a preset temperature by securing the quantity of heat release for the radiator during a cooling and dehumidifying operation. The valve opening of the condensing pressure regulating part of the first control valve is smaller when the calculated opening SW of the air mix damper is equal to or more than the predetermined value than when the opening SW is smaller than the predetermined value. Accordingly, when the quantity of heat release is not sufficient in the radiator, it is possible to increase the condensing pressure of the refrigerant in the radiator to raise the temperature of the refrigerant in the radiator. Consequently, it is possible to secure the amount of heating, and therefore to ensure that the temperature of the air supplies to the vehicle interior is a preset temperature.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided to prevent a frost from being formed on a heat exchanger under the condition that the outdoor temperature is low. During a heating and dehumidifying operation, the third solenoid valve 25c is closed when outdoor temperature Tam is predetermined temperature T1 or lower, or when temperature Thex of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is a predetermined temperature T2 or lower and temperature Te detected by the cooled air temperature sensor 44 is temperature Tet-? or lower. By this means, during the heating and dehumidifying operation, when a frost is likely to be formed on the heat exchanger 14, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the heat exchanger 14, and to prevent a frost from being formed on the heat exchanger 14.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can extend the mileage of a vehicle by reducing the power consumed by the operation of a compressor and a heater. When a required quantity of heating Q_req is acquired, the minimum power sharing ratio between quantity of heat release Q_hpof a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and quantity of heat release Q_htrof a water heater 32 is calculated, which allows the power consumption W_total to be minimized, and a compressor 21 and the water heater 32 is operated based on the result of the calculation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a liquid crystal polyester, a white pigment and a glass fiber bundle obtained by bundling glass fibers using a sizing agent comprising a polyurethane having a polyester polyol unit and at least one of an aliphatic diisocyanate unit or an alicyclic diisocyanate unit, wherein the polyester polyol unit is a polyol unit having an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol unit and at least one of an aliphatic polybasic acid unit or an alicyclic polybasic acid unit. The liquid crystal polyester composition can provide a reflective plate having a high reflectivity.

Abstract: A circuit board laminate includes a metal substrate, an insulation layer disposed on the metal substrate, and a metal foil disposed on the insulation layer. A metal-based circuit board includes a metal substrate, an insulation layer disposed on the metal substrate, and a circuit pattern disposed on the insulation layer. The insulation layer contains a liquid crystal polyester and 50% by volume or more of an inorganic filler. The inorganic filler is made of boron nitride and at least one of aluminum nitride and aluminum oxide. A proportion of boron nitride in the inorganic filler is within a range of 35 to 80% by volume.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a laminated base material having a conductive foil and an insulating layer formed on the conductive foil includes a drying process in which a liquid composition which includes a liquid crystal polyester, a solvent in which the liquid crystal polyester dissolves, and a heat-conducting filling material, and has a proportion of the content of the heat-conducting filling material in the sum of the content of the liquid crystal polyester and the content of the heat-conducting filling material of 30% to 80% by volume is coated on the conductive foil, heated to 120° C. to 220° C. so as to remove the solvent, thereby forming a coated film, and a thermal treatment process in which the coated film formed on the conductive foil is heated to a temperature that is the liquid crystal transition temperature of the liquid crystal polyester or higher so as to form an insulating layer.

Abstract: A liquid composition containing a liquid crystalline polyester, a solvent, and a boron nitride having a volume average particle diameter of not less than 10 ?m and not more than 80 ?m, wherein the amount of the boron nitride is 30 to 90% by volume based on the total amount of the liquid crystalline polyester and the boron nitride.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to produce a resin-impregnated sheet in which a fiber sheet is impregnated with a liquid crystal polyester, which has excellent thermal conductivity in a thickness direction. A resin-impregnated sheet is produced by impregnating a fiber sheet with a liquid composition containing a liquid crystal polyester and a solvent; removing the solvent; raising a temperature from a temperature of 150° C. or lower to a temperature of a liquid crystal transition temperature or higher of the liquid crystal polyester at a rate of 1.0° C./minute or more; and then heat-treating the obtained resin-impregnated sheet at a temperature of the liquid crystal transition temperature or higher of the liquid crystal polyester.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to produce a liquid crystal polyester film having excellent thermal conductivity in a thickness direction. Provided is a liquid crystal polyester film, which comprises casting a liquid composition containing a liquid crystal polyester and a solvent; removing the solvent; raising a temperature from 150° C. or lower to a temperature between a liquid crystal transition temperature and 80° C. above the liquid crystal transition temperature of the liquid crystal polyester at a rate of 1.0° C./minute or more; and heat-treating the obtained film at a temperature between the liquid crystal transition temperature and 80° C. above the liquid crystal transition temperature of the liquid crystal polyester. It is preferred to use, as the liquid crystal polyester, those having a liquid crystal transition temperature of 320° C. or lower.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystalline polyester composition which contains a liquid crystalline polyester and mica and which provides a molded article hard to form blisters therein under a high temperature condition, even when it is molded at a high temperature. The liquid crystalline polyester composition is prepared by incorporating the mica and a fluorocarbon polymer whose flow start temperature is 330° C. or lower into the liquid crystalline polyester. The content of the mica in the liquid crystalline polyester composition is preferably from 15 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystalline polyester, and the content of the fluorocarbon polymer in the liquid crystalline polyester composition is preferably from 0.2 to 10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystalline polyester.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a liquid crystal polyester, a white pigment and a glass fiber bundle obtained by bundling glass fibers using a sizing agent comprising a polyurethane having a polyester polyol unit and at least one of an aliphatic diisocyanate unit or an alicyclic diisocyanate unit, wherein the polyester polyol unit is a polyol unit having an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol unit and at least one of an aliphatic polybasic acid unit or an alicyclic polybasic acid unit. The liquid crystal polyester composition can provide a reflective plate having a high reflectivity.