Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a prostaglandin derivative of formula (A): which comprises reacting an aldehyde represented by formula (1): with a 2-oxoalkyl phosphonate in a reaction solvent under the presence of alkali hydroxide as sole base. By carrying out the reaction using an alkali hydroxide as sole base in the reaction system, the desired prostaglandin derivative can be obtained by simple procedures and with high yield.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a prostaglandin derivative of formula (A): which comprises reacting an aldehyde represented by formula (1): with a 2-oxoalkyl phosphonate in a reaction solvent under the presence of alkali hydroxide as sole base. By carrying out the reaction using an alkali hydroxide as sole base in the reaction system, the desired prostaglandin derivative can be obtained by simple procedures and with high yield.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a prostaglandin derivative of formula (A): which comprises reacting an aldehyde represented by formula (1): with a 2-oxoalkyl phosphonate in a reaction solvent under the presence of alkali hydroxide as sole base. By carrying out the reaction using an alkali hydroxide as sole base in the reaction system, the desired prostaglandin derivative can be obtained by simple procedures and with high yield.

Abstract: An air duct 13 connected to the intake system of an engine 12 has a duct main body 13A and a cylindrical fuel adsorption filter 19 having air permeability. The fuel adsorption filter 19 is located in the duct main body 13A. The fuel adsorption filter 19 is arranged to be coaxial with respect to the duct main body 13A. A gap 21 is defined between the inner circumferential surface of the duct main body 13A and the outer circumferential surface of the fuel adsorption filter 19. An opening 22 for drawing air flow into the gap 21 is formed between an air flow upstream side of the gap 21 and an air passage area of the duct main body 13A.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a first semiconductor region of a first conductive type; a second semiconductor region of the first conductive type formed on an upper surface of the first semiconductor region and having a lower impurity concentration than that of the first semiconductor region; a third semiconductor region of the first conductive type formed on the upper surface of the first semiconductor region and having a higher impurity concentration than that of the second semiconductor region; and a fourth semiconductor region of a second conductive type different from the first conductive type formed on upper surfaces of the second semiconductor region and the third semiconductor region. A PN junction is formed between the second semiconductor region and third semiconductor region and the fourth semiconductor region. The second semiconductor region is formed to surround the third semiconductor region.

Abstract: In an aqueous composition comprising a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound as an active ingredient, a polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative is admixed. By admixing a polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative, the solubility of the 15-keto-PG compound in water is increased. In a preferable embodiment, the aqueous composition may further comprise a quaternary ammonium type cationic surface active agent as a preservative. The composition of this embodiment exhibits high antimicrobial preservative effectiveness against indigenous bacterium in the eyes such as Staphylococcus aureus and therefore, the composition is especially useful as ophthalmic composition for ocular topical administration.

Abstract: A fuel vapor adsorption filter for mounting within an intake air channel connected to an engine extends across the intake air channel in order to adsorb fuel vapor within the intake air channel when the engine has been stopped. The filter includes an adsorbing agent for adsorbing the fuel vapor. A holding layer is formed by a first non-woven fabric and serves to contain and hold the adsorbing agent. The first non-woven fabric is formed of thermoplastic resin fibers. A cover layer is made of a second non-woven fabric and serves to cover at least one side of the holding layer opposing the downstream side of the intake air channel. The second non-woven fabric is formed of thermoplastic resin fibers. The resin fibers forming the second non-woven fabric of the cover layer have an average diameter between 100 ?m and 330 ?m.

Abstract: A fuel vapor adsorption filter includes a fuel vapor adsorption agent; a filter body containing the fuel vapor adsorption agent therein, and a frame formed to surround the filter body. The frame is adapted to be mounted within an intake air channel connected to an engine, so that the filter body is operable to adsorb a fuel vapor within the intake air channel when the engine has been stopped. Non-woven fabrics form the filter body. The non-woven fabrics have peripheral edge portions. Heat-pressing the peripheral edge portions of the non-woven fabrics forms the frame.

Abstract: A sheet-like filter element is installed on a support within the casing of a filter device. A plate-like portion is integrally formed in at least the outer periphery of the filter element. A crimped portion which is to be secured to the support in a crimped state is formed in this plate-like portion. A protrusion which rises through the above described plate-like portion is formed so as to be integrated with the above described support around this crimped portion. The plate-like portion is secured to the support by means of this protrusion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for preparing 15-keto-prostaglandin E derivative. According to the invention, the deprotection of protected hydroxy group required in manufacturing a 15-keto-prostaglandin derivative is conducted under the presence of a phosphoric acid compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for manufacturing a prostaglandin analogue having one or more keto groups on the 5-membered ring and/or omega chain, which comprises the step of treating a corresponding hydroxyl group containing compound with a co-oxidizer under the presence of a tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl derivative to form the desired prostaglandin analogue. The method of the invention can be carried out easily under relatively mild conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a prostaglandin derivative of formula (A): which comprises reacting an aldehyde represented by formula (1): with a 2-oxoalkyl phosphonate in a reaction solvent under the presence of alkali hydroxide as sole base. By carrying out the reaction using an alkali hydroxide as sole base in the reaction system, the desired prostaglandin derivative can be obtained by simple procedures and with high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous composition comprising a thiazole derivative of the formula (I): R1—NH—X—Y-Z (I) wherein each symbol is as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an additive selected from the group consisting of polyol, sugar, sugar alcohol, boric acid or its salt, and water. The aqueous composition is very stable and can be stored for a long time.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for preparing 15-keto-prostaglandin E derivative. According to the invention, the deprotection of protected hydroxy group required in manufacturing a 15-keto-prostaglandin derivative is conducted under the presence of a phosphoric acid compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for stabilizing a pharmaceutically active bi-cyclic compound of formula (i): comprising the step of: admixing the same with a polyol and/or a fatty acid ester other than glyceride and a composition obtained by the method. In addition a soft gelatin capsule formulation of the compound of formula (I) obtained by incorporating the compound in a soft gelatin capsule shell comprising gelatin and a polyol plasticizer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a soft gelatin capsule formulation of a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound, which comprises: a soft gelatin capsule shell comprising gelatin and sugar alcohol as a plasticizer, and a mixture comprising a 15-keto-prostaglandin compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle which is filled in the shell. By encapsulating the 15-keto-prostaglandin compound in the specified soft gelatin capsule shell, stability of the compound is significantly improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new method for manufacturing a prostaglandin analogue having one or more keto groups on the 5-membered ring and/or omega chain, which comprises the step of treating a corresponding hydroxyl group containing compound with a co-oxidizer under the presence of a tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl derivative to form the desired prostaglandin analogue. The method of the invention can be carried out easily under relatively mild conditions.

Abstract: A fuel vapor adsorption filter for mounting within an intake air channel connected to an engine extends across the intake air channel in order to adsorb fuel vapor within the intake air channel when the engine has been stopped. The filter includes an adsorbing agent for adsorbing the fuel vapor. A holding layer is formed by a first non-woven fabric and serves to contain and hold the adsorbing agent. The first non-woven fabric is formed of thermoplastic resin fibers. A cover layer is made of a second non-woven fabric and serves to cover at least one side of the holding layer opposing the downstream side of the intake air channel. The second non-woven fabric is formed of thermoplastic resin fibers. The resin fibers forming the second non-woven fabric of the cover layer have an average diameter between 100 ?m and 330 ?m.

Abstract: A fuel vapor adsorption filter includes a fuel vapor adsorption agent; a filter body containing the fuel vapor adsorption agent therein, and a frame formed to surround the filter body. The frame is adapted to be mounted within an intake air channel connected to an engine, so that the filter body is operable to adsorb a fuel vapor within the intake air channel when the engine has been stopped. Non-woven fabrics form the filter body. The non-woven fabrics have peripheral edge portions. Heat-pressing the peripheral edge portions of the non-woven fabrics forms the frame.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of stabilizing a prostanoic acid compound, wherein the prostanoic acid compound having at least one oxo group on the .omega. chain are stored in a hydrous condition.