Abstract: An exposure apparatus for and a method of producing devices, in which an original pattern such as a reticle is projected onto an object such as a wafer to be exposed, through a projection optical system. The projection optical system includes at least one optical element, optical characteristics thereof having been tested using a measuring beam having a first wavelength region. An exposure light source emits a light beam having a second wavelength region, selected independently from the first wavelength region, to irradiate the original pattern with the beam from the exposure light source, so that an image of the pattern is projected onto the object through the projection optical system, thereby exposing the object to produce the device.

Abstract: In this closed type electromagnetic relay, an insulating resin is injection molded to the surface of a coil block so that a part of a coil wound around an iron core at the side opposite a contact opening/closing mechanism is exposed. A force exerted on the coil by the resin pressure during injection molding is relieved by the exposed part, and a gas generated from the coil or the like after the injection molding is discharged out through the exposed part. Accordingly, the coil block is easily coated with the insulating resin without fears that the coil is broken at sealing time or the coated resin is broken after sealing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indan derivatives represented by the formula (1) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: ##STR1## [wherein R.sup.1 represents C1 to C12 alkyl, benzyl, styryl, naphthyl, optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted thienyl; R.sup.2 represents carboxyl, C1 to C4 alkoxycarbonyl, ##STR2## Y represents --(CH.sub.2).sub.p -- (wherein p represents an integer of 0 to 5), --CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.q .about., --CH(OH)--(CH.sub.2).sub.q .about., (wherein q represents an integer of 1 to 4, and the symbol .about. represents a linkage to R.sup.2), oxymethylene or ethylene; and n represents an integer of 1 to 4]. The compounds according to the present invention potently antagonize the action of thromboxane A.sub.2, and therefore useful for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by thromboxane A.sub.2 such as angiosis, vasospasm, asthma and the like.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay of the present invention has a large dielectric strength between a coil and each contact because of an insulative member interposed therebetween. Even if the straight distance between the coil and each contact is small, it is possible to obtain a sufficient dielectric strength without an extra process. Moreover, since a leg part of the coil terminal is coated with an insulative resin, the dielectric strength between the coil terminal and a movable iron element or a movable contact piece is enhanced. An insertion window formed in an insulating plate of the coil helps to insert a thickness gauge with high positioning accuracy.

Abstract: A system for controlling operation of a fine pattern printing apparatus. The system including a command storing portion in which a plurality of unit-operation instructing commands capable of instructing execution of corresponding unit operations which are components of the pattern printing operation of the apparatus and at least one sequential operation instructing command including a combination of at least a predetermined portion of the unit-operation instructing commands are stored. A command selecting portion for allowing selection of the commands stored in the command storing portion; a sequence setting portion cooperative with the command selecting portion so as to set, in the command storing portion, a desired sequential operation instructing command formed by a plurality of unit-operation instructing commands each of which is stored in the command storing portion.

Abstract: In the electromagnetic relay of the present invention, a fixed contact and a movable contact piece are separated from an electromagnetic block and a movable iron piece, so that an insulating distance is elongated, with improving the resistance to voltage. The electromagnetic relay can be compact in size while ensuring highly resistive property to voltage.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electromechanical transducer type relay which opens and closes contacts using electromechanical transducer elements, such as electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements, which produce strains when subjected to an electric field.

Abstract: A drive circuit of a two-laminated electrostriction element, wherein a common junction of two sheets of electric distortion elements is connected to one of the driving power source through a first switching means, and the other terminal of the one electrostriction element is connected to the other of said driving power source, with the other terminal of the other electrostriction element being connected to a second switching means, thereby to rotate the other electrostriction element by the voltage charged in the one electrostriction element.

Abstract: This low profile electromagnetic relay includes a base and a support post protruding at one end of the base. An electromagnet assembly is mounted in a generally central position on the base, and has a pair of magnetic pole surfaces on opposite sides of its one end. An armature assembly includes an insulating armature member, shaped generally as a hollow rectangular member with an open space being defined within it and formed with a hole by which it is rotatably fitted over the support post with the electromagnet assembly fitting inside the open space defined within it. A drive portion is connected to the insulating armature member. A pair of mutually opposed armature pieces are mounted on the insulating armature member, and, when the insulating armature member is rotatably fitted over the support post, lie on opposite sides of the one end of the electromagnet assembly and each oppose one of the magnetic pole surfaces of the electromagnet assembly.

Abstract: In this mounting structure and method for a surface mounted type electronic component, the component has at least one terminal which protrudes from its bottom surface and which terminates in a foot portion for being soldered to a printed circuit board. Also, a projection extends from this bottom surface of the electronic component for a distance somewhat less than the amounty by which the terminal projects from it. This projection is provisionally secured by adhesive to the printed circuit board with the foot portion of the terminal overlaying that circuit portion to which it is to be soldered, and then subsequently this terminal foot portion is soldered to this circuit portion. Thereby, during the soldering process, there is no risk of the terminal foot portion becoming displaced from the circuit portion and thus badly soldered thereto, because of the locating action of the adhered projection.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a piezoelectric actuator includes a pair of power input terminals for supplying either AC or DC power, with the piezoelectric actuator being connected between these power input terminals. A device for supplying current for driving the piezoelectric actuator in one direction is interposed between one of the power input terminals and an end of the piezoelectric actuator. Further, there is provided connected in parallel to the piezoelectric actuator a switching circuit which turns into a high resistance state when the device is on and serves as an active discharge path for the electric charges of the piezoelectric actuator.

Abstract: This multi pole relay includes: a base plate; several bimorphic elements each of elongate plate shape and including a central electrode of elongate plate shape, a pair of piezoelectric members of elongate thin plate shape arranged on opposite sides of the central electrode, and a pair of surface electrodes arranged on the outer surfaces of the pair of piezoelectric members; a means for fixedly mounting the one ends of the bimorphic elements to the base plate with their other ends free; and, for each one of the bimorphic elements: a fixed contact mounted to the base plate opposing the free end of that one of the bimorphic elements; a flexible element, one end of which is mounted to the base plate, and the other free end of which is interposed between the free end of that one of the bimorphic elements and the fixed contact; and a movable contact mounted on the free end of the flexible element on its side towards the fixed contact and opposing the fixed contact.

Abstract: This relay has an actuator which has a pair of coupled together driving elements, of a type which deflects according to applied voltage. The actuator deflects in one direction when voltage is applied to one driving element and deflects in another direction when voltage is applied to the other driving element. A bistable switching mechanism has an actuating member and a set of contacts. These contacts are flipped over to a first state when the actuating member is impelled in a first direction and thereafter stay stably in the first state until the actuating member is impelled in a second direction, and similarly are flipped over to a second state when the actuating member is impelled in the second direction and stay stably in the second state until the actuating member is impelled in the first direction. A drive circuit upon command supplies a one shot pulse of relatively short duration to either the one or the other of the driving elements.

Abstract: The reed relay comprises a pair of fixed contact supports arranged at a regular spacing therebetween. A reed strip has a movable contact at a free end thereof and arranged so that the movable contact is positioned between the two fixed contact supports. A coil is wound around the reed strip, and a permanent magnet is disposed on one side of the movable contact. Since the permanent magnet is not positioned on the extension line of the reed strip, it is possible to readily inspect the contact conditions and the contact pressure without interruption due to the presence of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: An improved electrical snap switch which includes a housing having a base, a common terminal fixedly provided on the base, a movable piece having a movable contact secured to its one end and an inner plate formed in it to extend from its other end towards the movable contact, with the inner plate being supported, at its forward end, by the common terminal, a plate-like movable spring engaged, at its one end, with the movable piece in the vicinity of the movable contact and at its other end, with a support portion provided adjacent to a base portion of the inner plate, and an operating member engaged with the other end portion of the movable piece.

Abstract: A driving circuit for driving a piezoelectric bi-morph constituted by joining a pair of piezoelectric elements so that their polarization axes are directed in directions opposite to each other. The driving circuit includes a driving power source, a first switch portion through which a common junction of the pair of piezoelectric elements is connected to one side of the driving power source, with the other terminal of one piezoelectric element being connected to the other side of the driving power source, and a second switch portion to which the other terminal of the other piezoelectric element is connected.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a piezo-electric element includes a blocking oscillator circuit which has a booster transformer with primary and secondary windings, an oscillation transistor the collector of which is connected to the primary winding of the booster transformer, and a biasing circuit via which a signal at the secondary winding of the booster transformer is fed back to the base of the oscillation transistor so as to produce oscillation by positive feedback. This drive circuit also includes an electric current control circuit means for restricting electric current from flowing through the oscillation transistor when the voltage at the secondary winding of the booster transformer has become equal to or greater than a certain value, and a rectifying element through which the piezo-electric element is connected to the secondary winding of the booster transformer.

Abstract: A switch asembly includes first and second contact members which are operatively provided to take one of two positions, a break-position in which the first and second contact members are separated from each other, and a make-position in which the first and second contact members are electrically connected with each other. Magnetic members are provided operatively in association with the first and second contact members to define a closed magnetic loop with a current path extending through the loop, when the first and second contact members are turned to the make-position. The magnetic members attract each other by the magnetic flux through the closed loop to maintain the first and second contacts in the make-position when the current flowing through the current path is not zero. Thus, the first and second contact members are permitted to return to the break-position at a zero crossing point of a.c. current flowing through the contacts.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel compound 2-(3-trimethylsilylpropyl)benzothiazole having remarkable anti-tumor effects or, in particular, inhibiting growth of melanoma cells in test animals. The compound is synthesized by the ring-closing intramolecular dehydration condensation of 2-mercapto-(.gamma.-trimethylsilyl)butyroanilide which in turn is obtained by the dehydrochlorination condensation of 2-aminothiophenol and .gamma.-trimethylsilylbutyryl chloride in a polar solvent in the presence of an acid acceptor.

Abstract: A novel medicament which is effective as an antihypertensive agent is proposed which contains, as its effective ingredient, an organosilicon compound represented by the general formulaR.sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOH,where R denotes an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 5 inclusive, or a therapeutically acceptable salt thereof such as a salt with an alkali metal, e.g. sodium or potassium. The effectiveness of the compound, for example, 3-trimethylsilyl butyric acid as well as the sodium and potassium salts thereof is established by the animal test undertaken with hypertensive rats.