Abstract: A fuel control system for an internal combustion engine having an intake passage, a compressor provided in the intake passage, a throttle valve disposed downstream of the compressor, a bypass passage connecting an upstream side of the compressor to a downstream side of the compressor, and an air bypass valve provided in the bypass passage. An intake air flow rate of the engine is calculated based on the engine rotational speed and the intake pressure, which are detected when the air bypass valve is determined to be in the opening operation state. An amount of fuel supplied to the engine is then controlled according to the calculated intake air flow rate.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided which can constantly control a fuel concentration of a liquid fuel supplied to a fuel cell, such as a DMFC. A DMFC system comprises a high-concentration cartridge in which a methanol aqueous solution having a concentration higher than a target fuel concentration is sealed, a water cartridge in which water is sealed, a mixing tank for mixing the methanol aqueous solution from the high-concentration cartridge with the water from the water cartridge to prepare the methanol aqueous solution having the target fuel concentration, and the DMFC for generating electricity by being supplied with the methanol aqueous solution from the mixing tank and air.

Abstract: A fuel control system for an internal combustion engine having an intake passage, a compressor provided in the intake passage, a throttle valve disposed downstream of the compressor, a bypass passage connecting an upstream side of the compressor to a downstream side of the compressor, and an air bypass valve provided in the bypass passage. An intake air flow rate of the engine is calculated based on the engine rotational speed and the intake pressure, which are detected when the air bypass valve is determined to be in the opening operation state. An amount of fuel supplied to the engine is then controlled according to the calculated intake air flow rate.

Abstract: A fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly to cause an electrochemical reaction in a fuel so as to generate electric power, a fuel holding body for holding the fuel to supply the fuel to the membrane electrode assembly, a fuel supply path to supply the fuel being pressurized to the fuel holding body and a fuel exhausting path to exhaust the fuel from the fuel holding body by using an internal pressure of the fuel.

Abstract: A cellular mobile telephone is provided with a fuel cell of high power output. The cellular mobile telephone includes a plate-formed fuel cell section having at least two cells for generating power by an aqueous solution containing methanol being supplied to an anode and the air containing oxygen to the cathode, wherein these two or more cells are arranged on both sides thereof; an cellular mobile telephone body utilizing the power of the fuel cell section; and a hinge mechanism for linking the fuel cell section 10 and cellular mobile telephone body rotatably with respect to each other.

Abstract: Dispersion of load may be kept within an allowance even when a plurality of probes in a large area are pressed in batch by pressing the probes provided in a membrane to a wafer by applying a pressure load to a plurality of places of a plane of pressure members on the side opposite from the wafer in a probe test step/burn-in test step which is one of semiconductor device manufacturing steps. It is then possible to provide semiconductor devices and a manufacturing method thereof which enhance the reliability and productivity of the semiconductor devices by probing a large number of integrated circuits or a large size integrated circuit in the same time.

Abstract: A slot antenna includes an insulation substrate, a metal layer provided on the insulation substrate, a slot formed in the metal layer, and a feeding part connected to the metal layer. The slot is symmetric with respect to a centerline. When an x-y coordinate system is defined on the metal layer so that the y-axis is the symmetric line, the origin is the center of the slot antenna, and the x-axis through the origin is perpendicular to the y-axis, the width of the slot in the direction of the y-axis increasing in proportion to the absolute value of the x-axis.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cell holder for electrically connecting a plurality of MEAs in parallel or in series without mounting, e.g., lead wires to current collectors. The cell holder includes terminals which are in contact with and electrically connected to contact portions of anodes and cathodes of a plurality of power units having MEAs. The plurality of power units are integrated with each other in the fuel cell holder when the fuel cell module is mounted on the cell holder. In addition, the cell holder includes a connecting portion for electrically connecting a terminal corresponding to a contact portion of an anode of one of the power unit and a terminal corresponding to a contact portion of a cathode of the other power unit.

Abstract: For providing a holding structure for holding a member to be held, such as a MEA, etc., suitably, while keeping holding plates to be closely contact therewith, being applicable into an electronic apparatus, a DMFC unit U1 comprises a MEA module of being an oblong on a plane view thereof, a pair of holding plates 31 for holding it between them, and bolts 41 holding the pair of holding plates at holding positions, in an outside than the MEA module on a plane view thereof, wherein each of the holding plates 31 has slits 31b and 31b, in portions corresponding to an inner area 41A inside than the holding position on the plane view thereof, in parallel with two (2) short sides 11C1 and 11C1 of the MEA module, facing to each other, and longer than this, for reducing transmission of stresses between portions corresponding to the short sides 11C1 and 11C1.

Abstract: A printed antenna includes a dielectric substrate having a pair of printed antenna elements to form a dipole antenna. On an antenna plane, an xy axis system is defined so that an origin is defined at a center of location of the antenna elements, and an x axis is set in a direction that the antenna elements are arranged, a y axis is set in the direction perpendicular to the x axis, and a size of the antenna elements in the direction of the y axis become gradually larger according to the x axis changing in an outer direction. Each of the antenna elements has an impedance matching part at a feeding side of the antenna elements. The printed antenna can be used in an ultra wide-band frequency, and is small profile, is light weight and low in cost.

Abstract: For providing a fuel cell unit and a fuel cell unit assembly, wherein membrane electrode assembly and current collector plates are closely contact with each other, so that a liquid fuel hardly leaks out therefom, and further an electronic apparatus equipped with those therein, a DMFC unit U1 for generating electricity through supply of methanol solution therein comprises a MEA 11, a pair of current collector plates 12 and 13 for the MEA, a fuel tank 20 having a fuel chamber 20a where the methanol solution is stored therein, and a holding means 40 for holding the current collector plates 12 and 13 within an area where the MEA 11 is disposed.

Abstract: To provide a transmission apparatus and a communication system that transmit a plurality of transmission signals riding on different interfering transmission beams, separate and receive the transmission signal at the receiving side, and estimate the original transmission signal by maximum likelihood estimation based on the correlation among the received signals. A transmission apparatus which encodes the transmission signal by an encoding means to generate at least two transmission signals S1 and S2, modulates the signals to the carrier frequencies, weights them and supplies them to the antenna elements, and controls the weights to transmit the modulated output signals by beams partially overlapping each other in space.

Abstract: The present invention forms, in UWB communications in which a pulse of short duration is transmitted, a transmission signal with a desired frequency characteristic by adjusting the shape of a pulse signal used in data transmissions. As a result, radio interference with other wireless systems in UWB communications is reduced. As aspects for adjusting the pulse signal, the present invention comprises an aspect for generating a pulse signal having a desired frequency characteristic by adjusting the shape of a single pulse itself, an aspect for generating a pulse signal having a desired frequency characteristic by combining a plurality of pulses, and an aspect for finding a combination of pulse signals from the frequency characteristic of an object transmission signal.

Abstract: A device is provided that creates pulse signals for UWB with a simplified circuit and performs radio transmission/reception in ultrawideband. The signal processor converts transmission data into a transmission baseband and then transmits it to the Manchester converter circuit. The Manchester converter circuit creates Manchester codes, which are converted from an L level to an H level with bit data [1] of transmission data, or from an H level to an L level with bit data [0] of transmission data. The Manchester converter circuit drives the monopulse generator circuit, using the output monopulse. The monopulse generator circuit includes series resonator circuit, produces a monopulse signal of transient response, which converts from positive to negative or from negative to positive, in response to the edge of the pulse.

Abstract: The spread spectrum receiver employs circuits based on direct conversion techniques. These circuits enable realization of spread spectrum receivers of greatly reduced complexity and of much higher chip rates that can be implemented with the standard approach of a fully digital receiver. With these circuits, the digital processing is performed at the data symbol rate and not at a multiple of the chip rate that is customary in state-of-the art spread spectrum and CDMA receiver design.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a membrane electrode composite module including a membrane electrode composite formed by sandwiching both surfaces of an electrolyte membrane between gas diffusion electrodes, an anode current collecting plate having fuel flow holes through which fuel flows, and a cathode current collecting plate having oxygen flow holes through which oxygen flows, wherein both surfaces of the membrane electrode composite are sandwiched between the anode current collecting plate and the cathode current collecting plate, the membrane electrode composite module further including films made of a synthetic resin (a first film and a second film) which are a base of the anode current collecting plate and a base of the cathode current collecting plate.

Abstract: A receiver is provided that can shorten the time during which initial synchronization is established. When the frequency of an output signal from the PLL 12 is set to the receiving channel corresponding to the transmission channel for a transmission signal, the time-constant switching circuit 17 changes the time constant of the loop filter 14 to a low rate mode. Meanwhile, the output signal frequency from the PLL is swept between the highest frequency and the lowest frequency signal of a frequency channel. Thus, a receiving channel corresponding to the transmission channel is estimated by signals received during the sweeping period so that the initial synchronization is established based on the estimation result. Receiving-channel estimation, to which adverse effects due to multi-path fading are reduced, can be reliably performed by selecting each of plural receiving antennas in time-divisional mode and synthesizing envelopes of received signals from respective antennas.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell which can supply a liquid fuel, without changing its composition, to every corner of the membrane electrode assemblies arranged two- dimensionally over a wide area, to generate power at a high efficiency. The fuel cell 10A comprises the membrane electrode assembly modules 20 which consume the liquid fuel 40 to generate power, and the fuel chamber 30 which holds the liquid fuel 40 inside and has the principal plane on which the membrane electrode assembly modules 20 are arranged, wherein the fuel chamber 30 is provided with the fuel injection hole 33 inside, through which the liquid fuel 40 is supplied under pressure from the outside, and the fuel supply gear 42 inside, which is located to come close to the membrane electrode assembly modules 20, the fuel supply gear 42 being provided, on the surface, with the fine pores 43 through which the liquid fuel 40 can pass.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell having a pressurizing mechanism which can optimize pressure applied to a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) working as a power-generating element to realize high-efficiency power generation and an electronic device equipped with the same. The fuel cell 10A comprises the membrane electrode assembly module 20 which consumes the liquid fuel 40 to generate power, and the fuel chamber 30 for supplying the liquid fuel 40 which it holds inside to the membrane electrode assembly module 20 from the aperture 31, wherein it is provided with the pressurizing member 60 on the membrane electrode assembly module 20, clamping member 53 for fixing the pressurizing member 60 and fuel chamber 30, and elastic member for applying a pressure on the membrane electrode assembly module 20 in its thickness direction, to solve the problems.

Abstract: A probe structure is provided in which secondary electrodes of a main base material and probes are formed can be electrically connected to electrodes in a substrate side even when a lot of probes are formed in a large area, so that a lot of LSIs within a wafer can be tested in one lot in a wafer test process, and an efficiency of the test process can be improved. In the probe structure, an interposer constituted by a high rigid material is arranged between the main base material having the probes formed therein and the substrate side, and the secondary electrodes of the main base material having the probes formed therein are electrically connected to the electrodes in the substrate side via the interposer.