Abstract: An organic EL display in which the film thickness of an organic emissive layer is made uniform so as to increase the effective light emission area. An anode and a common cathode are formed for each pixel on the organic EL display. Switching by thin-film transistors causes current to flow between the anode and the cathode so that the organic EL element emits light. The organic EL element comprises a hole transport layer, the organic emissive layer, and an electron transport layer. Among a plurality of pixels disposed in a matrix configuration, the organic emissive layer is formed in common with adjacent pixels of the same color. Forming the organic emissive layer in common can prevent a decrease in the film thickness of the organic emissive layer at the edges of the shadow mask during vapor deposition and result in a uniform film thickness of the organic emissive layer.

Abstract: A metal solder layer is formed on a sealing substrate through patterning. A pixel substrate is overlapped to the sealing substrate and the solder layer is irradiated with laser so that the sealing substrate and the pixel substrate are connected. Because the joining is achieved by the metal solder layer, intrusion of moisture into the inside space can be reduced. In addition, the solder layer can be very precisely formed through patterning.

Abstract: On a cathode (40) of an organic EL element, a stress reducing layer (42) formed by a material which is the same as that used for an organic layer of the organic EL element is formed. A moisture block layer (44) formed by a material which is the same as that used for the cathode (40) is then formed on the stress reducing layer (42). Thus, entering of moisture is effective prevented while the stress is reduced.

Abstract: Since a photosensor using a diode is incapable of perform refresh because of the structure, and the leak characteristics are unstable, the diode is not suitable for the photosensor. On the other hand, in a photosensor using a thin film transistor, since light quantity is very small, there has been a problem that feedback is difficult. A detection circuit converting an output current into a voltage is added to a photosensor using a thin film transistor. Thus, it is possible to convert a very small current into a voltage in a desired range enabling feedback. In addition, by varying resistors, capacitors, and the number of TFTs connected in the photosensor included in the circuit, it is made possible to change the sensitivity of the photosensor.

Abstract: An EL element and an interface between a channel and an impurity diffusion area of a thin film transistor provided in the vicinity of the EL element are spaced apart. A light shielding film is provided between the EL element and the interface. By providing such a space and/or the light shielding film, generation of a leak current, which would otherwise be caused by light emitted from the self-emissive EL element entering the TFT, is reliably prevented, thereby ensuring that emitted light is not brighter than a predetermined luminance.

Abstract: An evaporation mask onto which an opening is formed for selectively allowing passage of an evaporation substance from an evaporation source onto a glass substrate to form an evaporation layer of an electroluminescence element in a predetermined pattern is placed between an evaporation source and a glass substrate and evaporation is performed. As a material for the evaporation mask, a material having a thermal expansion coefficient 160% or smaller of the thermal coefficient of glass is employed so as to minimize the thermal deformation of the evaporation mask which is closer the evaporation source and temperature of which is increased, to thereby improve the evaporation patterning precision.

Abstract: On a cathode (40) of an organic EL element, a stress reducing layer (42) formed by a material which is the same as that used for an organic layer of the organic EL element is formed. A moisture block layer (44) formed by a material which is the same as that used for the cathode (40) is then formed on the stress reducing layer (42). Thus, entering of moisture is effective prevented while the stress is reduced.

Abstract: A sealing substrate and an EL substrate are placed opposing each other with a predetermined gap therebetween. A nontransparent region is formed in a peripheral portion of the sealing substrate in advance. The nontransparent region is irradiated with laser through the EL substrate so that the nontransparent region is heated and glass is elevated and welded. Because portions of the sealing substrate other than the nontransparent region are clear, it is possible to realize a top emission type structure.

Abstract: A sealing substrate is placed opposing an EL substrate with a predetermined gap therebetween. The sealing substrate is nontransparent. A laser irradiation region of a terminal portion of the EL substrate is formed by a transparent conductor such as ITO. With this structure, a periphery region of the sealing substrate is irradiated with laser through the EL substrate and heated, so that glass is elevated and welded.

Abstract: In an organic electroluminescent display device having a touch panel function, the number of components is reduced and accuracy in positional detection of a pointing object is improved. A display portion, and light source portions and detecting portions respectively formed along sides of the display portion are formed on a same substrate to form a display panel. Then, first reflecting boards which reflect light emitted by the light source portions in a horizontal direction along an emissive surface of the display portion, and second reflecting boards which reflect the light reflected by the first reflecting boards and enters the light in the light detecting portions through a back surface of the display portion are respectively formed at ends of a storage capacitor of a display panel.

Abstract: A first moisture blocking layer formed of a silicon type nitride film such as SiNx or the like is formed over the entire surface so as to cover a drain electrode and a source electrode of a TFT. On the first moisture blocking layer, a first planarization film formed of an organic material is provided. On the first planarization film, a second moisture blocking layer formed of SiNx or the like is provided. In the peripheral region, the second moisture blocking layer extends down on the first moisture blocking layer and is connected with the first moisture blocking layer. Also, a sealing glass is bonded to the second moisture blocking layer using the sealing member. By enclosing the first planarization film by the first moisture blocking layer and the second moisture blocking layer, intrusion of external moisture can be effectively prevented.

Abstract: Conventionally, in the case where optical sensors are included in a display device, separate modules manufactured in separate steps are included in the same casing. However, reduction in the number of parts and in costs cannot be achieved, and reduction in size and thickness of the display device has not been realized. An optical sensor is realized by use of a TFT provided on an insulating substrate. The TFT is used as the optical sensor by detecting a photocurrent generated by incident ambient light when the TFT is off. By increasing a gate width W of the TFT, a region where the photocurrent is generated is increased, and the optical sensor with good sensitivity is realized. Moreover, since the optical sensor can be realized by use of a TFT provided on a glass substrate, the optical sensor can be provided on the same substrate as that of an EL display device.

Abstract: A display device having a plurality of pixels and which realizes a color display using emitted light of at least two wavelengths, wherein each pixel has a microresonator structure formed between a lower reflective film formed on a side near a substrate and an upper reflective film formed above the lower reflective film with an organic light emitting element layer therebetween. The lower reflective film is made of a metal thin film and a conductive resonator spacer layer which functions as a first electrode is provided between the lower reflective film and the organic light emitting element layer. A thickness of the conductive resonator spacer layer is changed by changing a number of layers or a number of remaining layers of a transparent conductive metal oxide layer made of ITO and a light transmissive layer 210 made of SiNx or the like corresponding to the light emission wavelength.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes an anode, a cathode and a light emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The display device also includes a substrate allowing light from the light emitting layer to pass through itself and an ultraviolet protection film disposed in an optical path of the light passing through the substrate. Retardation films and polarizers used in conventional electroluminescent display devices are replaced by the ultraviolet protection film with respect to reducing the effect of ultraviolet rays on the degradation of the display characteristics.

Abstract: A green pixel is provided with an organic EL element having an emissive layer which emits green light, but is not provided with a color filter. On the other hand, red and blue pixels comprise organic EL elements having an emissive layer which emits white light. The white emissive layer is composed of a lamination of an orange organic emissive layer and a blue organic emissive layer. The red and blue pixels are further provided with red and blue color filters, respectively, to limit the emitted white light to those colors.

Abstract: In an organic EL display device, emissive regions are arrayed in various patterns without depending on array patterns of the TFT formation regions and so on. A plurality of TFT formation regions PTr of pixels P is formed in a stripe array on a display portion. Emissive regions R1 of the organic EL element 11A emitting red light, emissive regions G1 of the organic EL element 11A emitting green light, and emissive regions B1 of the organic EL element 11A emitting blue light are arrayed on these TFT formation regions PTr. The emissive regions R1, G1, and B1 are disposed in delta array over the adjacent TFT formation regions PTr.

Abstract: This invention provides an organic EL device of optical resonator type where diffusion of an Ag material caused by heat generated in a manufacturing process and while light is being emitted is minimized so as to stabilize characteristics of a driving TFT. In the organic EL device of optical resonator type of the invention, an anti-diffusion layer (made of ITO or IZO) connected with the driving TFT (not shown) is formed on a glass substrate, and a semi-transmissive film (made of an Ag alloy layer) having a predetermined film thickness enabling semi-transmission of light, a transparent anode (an electrode made of ITO or IZO), an organic EL layer (e.g. made of a hole transport layer, an emissive layer, and an electron transport layer), and a cathode (made of an Ag alloy layer) serving as a reflection film having a predetermined film thickness enabling reflection of light are formed on the anti-diffusion layer in this order.

Abstract: An EL element and an interface between a channel and an impurity diffusion area of a thin film transistor provided in the vicinity of the EL element are spaced apart. A light shielding film is provided between the EL element and the interface. By providing such a space and/or the light shielding film, generation of a leak current, which would otherwise be caused by light emitted from the self-emissive EL element entering the TFT, is reliably prevented, thereby ensuring that emitted light is not brighter than a predetermined luminance.

Abstract: A semi-transmissive film is provided underneath a transparent electrode of an organic EL element. The optical length of the interval between the upper surface of the semi-transmissive film and the lower surface of a counter electrode serving as a reflective layer is configured such that this interval functions as a microresonator for selecting light having a specific wavelength. A color filter is provided underneath the semi-transmissive film to further restrict the wavelength of light which has passed through the semi-transmissive film.

Abstract: A semi-transmissive film is provided underneath a transparent electrode of an organic EL element. The optical length of the interval between the upper surface of the semi-transmissive film and the lower surface of a counter electrode serving as a reflective layer is configured such that this interval functions as a microresonator for selecting light having a specific wavelength. Further, a light-shielding film is provided in a position corresponding to the peripheral portion of the semi-transmissive film, so as to prevent light having a different color from being ejected due to non-uniformity in the optical length.