Abstract: The invention relates to a method of reprocessing alkanesulfonic acid employed in a chemical process as an agent, catalyst or solvent and comprising the steps of: (a) removing an alkanesulfonic acid-comprising stream from a reaction mixture generated in the chemical process, (b) feeding the alkanesulfonic acid-comprising stream into a melt crystallization as the starting melt to form crystals of the alkanesulfonic acid, of hydrates of the alkanesulfonic acid or of a mixture of both suspended in mother liquor, (c) performing a solid-liquid separation to remove the crystals from the mother liquor, (d) optionally washing the crystals to remove mother liquor adhering to the crystals, (e) recycling the washed or unwashed crystals removed from the mother liquor into the chemical process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for purifying alkanesulfonic acids which comprises the steps of: (a) distilling a melt comprising crude alkanesulfonic acid (1) to completely or partly remove low boilers, wherein the low boilers are drawn off at the top of a distillation column (3) or of a one-stage evaporation apparatus and a material stream (7) comprising alkanesulfonic acid, high boilers and residual low boilers is withdrawn at the bottom of the distillation column (3) or of the one-stage evaporation apparatus, (b) sending the stream (7) comprising alkanesulfonic acid, high boilers and residual low boilers into a melt crystallization (9) as the starting melt to form crystals of the alkanesulfonic acid, of hydrates of the alkanesulfonic acid or of a mixture of both suspended in mother liquor, (c) performing a solid-liquid separation to remove the crystals from the mother liquor, (d) optionally washing the crystals to remove mother liquor adhering to the crystals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing or preventing the decomposition of a composition Z comprising Z1 a salt of dithionous acid in an amount ranging from 50 to 100 wt % and optionally Z2 an additive selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonate, alkaline earth metal carbonate, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10), alkali metal or alkaline earth metal sulfite, disulfite or sulfate, dextrose and complexing agents in a combined amount ranging from 0.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of processes for the generation of thin inorganic films on substrates. In particular the present invention relates to a process comprising bringing a com-pound of general formula (I) into the gaseous or aerosol state Ln-M-XmL=formula and depositing the compound of general formula (I) from the gaseous or aerosol state onto a solid substrate, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, are independent of each other hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a SiA3 group with A being an alkyl or aryl group, and at least two of R1, R2, R3, R4 are a SiA3 group, n is an integer from 1 to 4, M is a metal or semimetal, X is a ligand which coordinates M, and m is an integer from 0 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the generation of thin inorganic films on substrates, in particular an atomic layer deposition process. This process comprises bringing a compound of general formula (I) into the gaseous or aerosol state and depositing the compound of general formula (I) from the gaseous or aerosol state onto a solid substrate, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are independent of each other hydrogen, an alkyl group, or a trialkylsilyl group, n is an integer from 1 to 3, M is a metal or semimetal, 1 X is a ligand which coordinates M, and m is an integer from 0 to 4.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a composition of vinyl compounds, comprising a) at least one polymerizable compound which has at least one O-vinyl group or one N-vinyl group, and b) at least one ammonium salt of the formula (I) where R is NH2, O− NH4+, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-cycloalkyl, or C7-C18-alkylcycloalkyl. The invention further relates to the use of an ammonium salt of the formula (I) as additive to polymerizable compounds which have at least one O-vinyl group or one N-vinyl group, and also to a process for inhibiting premature polymerization of compositions which comprise polymerizable compounds which have at least one O-vinyl group or one N-vinyl group, which encompasses adding to the compositions an ammonium salt of the formula (I).

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: A process for preparing addition polymers which contain carbamate units comprises reacting polyethyleneimines or addition polymers which contain vinylamine units of the formula where R1 is hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl, with haloformic esters, the carbamate-functionalized polyethyleneimine or vinylamine polymers thus obtainable being useful as retention, drainage and flocculation aids and as fixatives in papermaking, as protective colloids for the preparation of aqueous alkyldiketene dispersions and as dispersants for the preparation of aqueous filler slurries.

Abstract: An activated fixed-bed Raney metal catalyst which is free of metal powder, has macropores and is based on an alloy of aluminum and at least one metal of subgroup VIII of the Periodic Table, contains more than 80% by volume, based on the total pores, of macropores and is used for the hydrogenation of low molecular weight and polymeric organic compounds.

Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of an aromatic compound, in which at least one hydroxyl group is attached to an aromatic core, or an aromatic compound, in which at least one amino group is attached to an aromatic core, in the presence of a catalyst containing, as active metal, ruthenium and optionally one or more other Group IB, VIIB, or VIIIB metals, applied to a macroporous support.