Abstract: To provide a light-emitting element in which an organic compound layer can be processed at once by a photolithography technique. A first electrode and an organic compound layer including an electron-injection layer are formed over an insulating surface. The electron-injection layer is the outermost layer of the organic compound layer and contains an organic compound having a basic skeleton and an acid dissociation constant pKa of greater than or equal to 1. A sacrificial layer and a mask are formed over the electron-injection layer and the sacrificial layer is processed into an island shape using the mask. With use of the island-shaped sacrificial layer as a mask, the organic compound layer is processed into an island shape to cover the first electrode. Part of the island-shaped sacrificial layer is removed with an acidic chemical solution to expose the electron-injection layer. A second electrode is formed to cover the electron-injection layer.

Abstract: An organic compound with high heat resistance is provided. A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency and high reliability is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G0) is provided. In General Formula (G0), any one of R1 to R5 represents General Formula (A), and each of the others of R1 to R5, R6 to R13, R21 to R29, R31 to R39, and R41 to R48 independently represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms. R21 and R22 may be bonded to each other to form a spiro ring.

Abstract: A novel optical functional device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The optical functional device includes a light-emitting function, a photoelectric conversion function, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an optical functional layer. The light-emitting function converts electrical energy into first light, the first light has a first emission spectrum, and the first emission spectrum exhibits a maximum peak at a first wavelength. At a second wavelength, the intensity of the first emission spectrum is 80% of the maximum peak. The photoelectric conversion function has a spectral sensitivity characteristic; at a third wavelength, the spectral sensitivity characteristic has a maximum sensitivity within a range of 420 to 720 nm inclusive; and at a fourth wavelength, the sensitivity of the spectral sensitivity characteristic is 80% of the maximum sensitivity.

Abstract: An organic compound has a benzonaphthofuran skeleton and is represented by General Formula (G1). In General Formula (G1), A represents a pyrene skeleton. In the case where the pyrene skeleton has a substituent, the substituent is a diarylamino group including two substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups each having 6 to 13 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms. The two aryl groups of the diarylamino group may be the same or different.

Abstract: An organic compound that is stable in an excited state and has high emission efficiency is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. Note that in General Formula (G1), Q1 represents sulfur or oxygen. R1 to R5 each independently represent hydrogen, deuterium, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic alkyl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms. In addition, A1 represents an aryl group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms and including a substituted or unsubstituted substituent, or a heteroaryl group having 2 to 100 carbon atoms and including a substituted or unsubstituted substituent. Deuterium is substituted for at least one of hydrogen contained in R1 to R5 and A1.

Abstract: A light-emitting device including at least a light-emitting layer between an anode and a cathode; the light-emitting layer contains at least a light-emitting substance; the light-emitting substance is a substance emitting fluorescent light; a first organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) is included between the anode and the cathode; in General Formula (G1), Ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, Ar2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms, and A1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group; when at least one of Ar1, Ar2, and A1 has one or more substituents, the substituents each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms. The aryl group exclude a heteroaryl group. The substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with a long lifetime is provided. A light-emitting device with a low driving voltage is provided. In the light-emitting device, an electron-transport layer includes an organometallic complex of an alkali metal and an organic compound having an electron-transport property; the organometallic complex and the organic compound form an exciplex in combination; a value (eV) obtained by converting into energy a peak wavelength of an emission spectrum of the exciplex formed with the organometallic complex and the organic compound having a mass ratio of 1:1 is smaller than a difference (eV) between a HOMO level of the organometallic complex and a LUMO level of the organic compound by greater than or equal to 0.1 eV.

Abstract: Provided is a highly convenient, useful, or reliable novel organic compound represented by General Formula (G1), where A1 represents any of hydrogen, deuterium, an alkyl group having 1 to 13 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and a diarylamino group; Ar1 to Ar4 each independently represent any of an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and a diarylamino group; and R1 to R6 each independently represent any of hydrogen, deuterium, an alkyl group having 1 to 13 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group having 2 to 25 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 13 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting device includes at least a light-emitting layer between an anode and a cathode. The light-emitting layer contains a light-emitting substance, a first organic compound, and a second organic compound. The light-emitting substance is a substance that emits fluorescent light. The first organic compound has any one of an anthracene skeleton, a tetracene skeleton, a phenanthrene skeleton, a pyrene skeleton, a chrysene skeleton, a carbazole skeleton, a benzocarbazole skeleton, a dibenzocarbazole skeleton, a dibenzofuran skeleton, a benzonaphthofuran skeleton, a bisnaphthofuran skeleton, a dibenzothiophene skeleton, a benzonaphthothiophene skeleton, a bisnaphthothiophene skeleton, and a fluoranthene skeleton.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high resistance to heat in a fabrication process is provided. The light-emitting device includes an EL layer between an anode and a cathode, and the EL layer includes at least a light-emitting layer. The light-emitting device includes, between the light-emitting layer and the cathode, a first layer in contact with the light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer includes a light-emitting substance, a first organic compound, and a second organic compound. The first layer includes a third organic compound different from the first organic compound and the second organic compound. The light-emitting substance emits green to yellow light. The third organic compound includes a bicarbazole skeleton and a heteroaromatic ring skeleton including one selected from a pyridine ring, a diazine ring, and a triazine ring.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high heat resistance is provided. The light-emitting layer device includes an anode, a cathode; and an EL layer between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a light-emitting layer and a first layer. The first layer is between the light-emitting layer and the cathode. The light-emitting layer is in contact with the first layer. The light-emitting layer includes a first organic compound and a light-emitting substance. The first layer includes a second organic compound. The light-emitting substance is a substance that emits blue light. The first organic compound is an organic compound including a fused aromatic hydrocarbon ring. The second organic compound is an organic compound including a heteroaromatic ring skeleton including one selected from a pyridine ring, a diazine ring, and a triazine ring; and a bicarbazole skeleton.

Abstract: A novel organic compound that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The organic compound is represented by General Formula (G1). Note that at least one of R1 to R26 represents deuterium. At least one of R1 to R7 represents any one of an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, and an aryl group. The others of R1 to R7 each independently represent any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, and an aryl group. R8 to R26 each independently represent any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a trialkylsilyl group, and an aryl group. The alkyl group has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, the cycloalkyl group has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, the trialkylsilyl group has 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the aryl group has 6 to 25 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A light-emitting device having favorable heat resistance is provided. The light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer positioned between the first anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a light-emitting layer and a first layer. The first layer is positioned between the light-emitting layer and the cathode. The light-emitting layer and the first layer are in contact with each other. The light-emitting layer contains a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a light-emitting substance. The first layer contains a third organic compound. The first organic compound and the third organic compound each have an electron-transport property. The second organic compound has a hole-transport property. The light-emitting substance emits red light. The first organic compound is represented by General Formula (G100). The third organic compound is represented by General Formula (G300).

Abstract: A light-receiving device in which an increase in driving voltage is inhibited is provided. Any of the following light-receiving devices is provided: a light-receiving device that includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes and in which the light-receiving layer includes an active layer, a buffer layer, and an electron-transport layer, the buffer layer is between the active layer and the electron-transport layer and is in contact with the active layer, and the buffer layer includes an organic compound having an electron-withdrawing group; a light-receiving device that includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes and in which the light-receiving layer includes an active layer, a buffer layer, and an electron-transport layer, the buffer layer is between the active layer and the electron-transport layer and is in contact with the active layer, and the buffer layer includes a heteroaromatic compound having an electron-withdrawing group.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high resistance to heat in a fabrication process is provided. The light-emitting device includes an EL layer between an anode and a cathode. The EL layer includes at least a light-emitting layer and an electron-transport layer that includes a first electron-transport layer in contact with the light-emitting layer and a second electron-transport layer in contact with the first electron-transport layer. The first electron-transport layer includes a first heteroaromatic compound including at least one heteroaromatic ring. The second electron-transport layer includes a second heteroaromatic compound that includes at least one heteroaromatic ring and is different from the first heteroaromatic compound. The first heteroaromatic compound has a difference of 20° C. or less between the crystallization temperature (Tpc) of a powder state and the crystallization temperature (Ttc) of a thin film state. The second heteroaromatic compound has a difference of 100° C. or less between Tpc and Ttc.

Abstract: An organic compound has a benzonaphthofuran skeleton and is represented by General Formula (G1). In General Formula (G1), A represents a pyrene skeleton. In the case where the pyrene skeleton has a substituent, the substituent is a diarylamino group including two substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups each having 6 to 13 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms. The two aryl groups of the diarylamino group may be the same or different.

Abstract: A display apparatus with a high level of immersion or realistic sensation is provided. The display apparatus includes a display portion capable of full-color display, a communication portion having a wireless communication function, and a wearing portion that can be worn on a head. In an emission spectrum of blue display provided by the display portion at a first luminance, when the intensity of a first emission peak at a wavelength higher than or equal to 400 nm and lower than 500 nm is 1, the intensity of a second emission peak at a wavelength higher than or equal to 500 nm and lower than or equal to 700 nm in the emission spectrum is 0.5 or lower. The first luminance is any value higher than 0 cd/m2 and lower than 1 cd/m2.

Abstract: A light-receiving device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The light-receiving device includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes, the light-receiving layer includes an active layer and a hole-transport layer, the hole-transport layer contains a first organic compound, and the first organic compound is an aromatic monoamine compound or a heteroaromatic monoamine compound having at least one skeleton of biphenylamine, carbazolylamine, dibenzofuranylamine, dibenzothiophenylamine, fluorenylamine, and spirofluorenylamine. Alternatively, the light-receiving device includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes, the light-receiving layer includes an electron-transport layer and an active layer, the electron-transport layer contains a second organic compound, and the second organic compound includes a triazine ring.

Abstract: To provide a light-emitting element having high luminous efficiency and to provide a light-emitting device and an electronic device which consumes low power and is driven at low voltage, a carbazole derivative represented by the general formula (1) is provided. In the formula, ?1, ?2, ?3, and ?4 each represent an arylene group having less than or equal to 13 carbon atoms; Ar1 and Ar2 each represent an aryl group having less than or equal to 13 carbon atoms; R1 represents any of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group; and R2 represents any of an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group. In addition, l, m, and n are each independently 0 or 1.

Abstract: A novel heterocyclic compound is provided. In particular, a novel heterocyclic compound which can improve the element characteristics of a light-emitting element is provided. A novel light-emitting element with high emission efficiency and high heat resistance is provided. A heterocyclic compound represented by General Formula (G1). A represents any of a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a carbazolyl group. DBq represents a dibenzo[f,h]quinoxalinyl group. In addition, n is 0 or 1. Each of Ar1 to Ar4 independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. In Ar1 to Ar4, the adjacent arylene groups may be bonded to each other to form a ring. When the adjacent arylene groups in Ar1 to Ar4 form a fluorene skeleton, the fluorene skeleton may have a substituent.