Abstract: There is provided a method, apparatus, and computer program for causing a centralized unit of a second access point to perform: signalling, to a first distributed unit of a first access point configured to provide a serving cell to a user equipment, a plurality of power control parameters associated with a target cell and a reconfiguration instruction for configuring the user equipment to report uplink measurements with an indication of whether a maximum permissible exposure event has occurred.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising including at least one processor and at least one memory including computer code for one or more programs, the at least one memory and the computer code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: obtain user equipment information indicating whether a user equipment served by the apparatus would need repetitions of a reference signal transmitted by a target base station to successfully select a receiving beam aligned with a transmitting beam in a beam management procedure with the target base station; and send, to the target base station, the user equipment information.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: means for measuring a downlink reference signal received from an access node (500); means for selecting an antenna panel of the user equipment receiving the best quality downlink reference signal from a primary angular direction to be used for a connection to the access node (502); means for detecting a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) event (504); means for measuring, under MPE power restrictions, the best downlink reference signal received from the access node (506); means for determining that under the MPE power restrictions the best quality downlink reference signal is received at least from a different secondary angular direction than the primary angular direction of the best quality downlink reference signal (508); means for measuring a propagation delay difference between the best quality downlink reference signal received from the primary angular direction and the best quality downlink reference signal received from the secondary angular direction (510); and means for sendin

Abstract: Example embodiments may relate to an apparatus, method and/or computer program for managing timing advance loops. The method may comprise receiving, at a user equipment from a plurality of network nodes, respective downlink reference signals, wherein an antenna system of the user equipment receives the downlink reference signals using a wide beam configuration. The method may also comprise performing measurements on the received downlink reference signals to determine a parameter and for determining that the parameter does not meet a predetermined criteria. Based on the parameter not meeting the predetermined criteria, the method may comprise configuring the antenna system such that at least one of the downlink reference signals is received using a narrow beam configuration. The method may involve re-performing the measurements on downlink reference signals from the plurality of network nodes.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes at least receiver circuitry, a processor, and memory. The apparatus also includes a plurality of directional antennas configured to simultaneously receive different downlink signals for each polarization. The apparatus further includes control circuitry for controlling processes for beam sweeping, beam refinement, and selecting a beam pair that maximizes signal strength while minimizing inter-layer-group interference. A portable electronic device and a stationary electronic device that include the apparatus are also provided. A method carried out by means, such as the apparatus, is also provided. A computer program product, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium, for causing an apparatus to carry out such a method is also provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for radio channel pattern matching. One method may include receiving, at an antenna panel, at least two configured transmission configuration indicator states for simultaneous multiple input multiple output reception; for each of the at least two configured transmission configuration indicator states for simultaneous reception from one or more transmission reception points, sweeping at least one narrow beam receiving one or more repeated reference signals received from the one or more transmission reception points; and, based upon at least one spatial radio multipath channel characteristic of the one or more repeated reference signals carrying each transmission configuration indicator state, selecting at least one antenna element of the antenna panel to form a group of antenna elements and control the group of antenna elements to direct at least one beam.

Abstract: A User Equipment (UE) configured to control lengths of one or more monitoring cycles of the UE based, at least in part on a range of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle and one or more power conditions of the UE. The monitoring cycle is used to select a beam for transmission by the UE. The DRX cycle is used by the UE during RRC_INACTIVE state and the range of the DRX cycle determines one or more beam correspondence conditions.

Abstract: A User Equipment (UE) configured to determine one or more beam correspondence conditions for use during an inactive mode of the UE. The beam correspondence conditions are determined based, at least in part, on a range of a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle used by the UE.

Abstract: A method comprises: determining, from an indication that an initial uplink beam between a user equipment and a network node is misaligned with respect to a downlink beam between the network node and the user equipment, at least one misalignment angle between the initial uplink beam and the downlink beam; and reconfiguring the uplink beam based on the misalignment angle to produce a reconfigured uplink beam.

Abstract: An apparatus (e.g. a user device), method and computer program is described to perform steps including: receiving at a user device, while the user device in is an inactive, unconnected or idle mode, a paging message for positioning determination from one or more of a plurality of network nodes in a radio network; and transmitting, a same group channel preamble message dedicated for positioning determination, to a group of network nodes which are selected by the user device, wherein the same group channel preamble message which being a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble message, is transmitted under a single random access channel occasion (RO).

Abstract: Based on a configuration of a pre-allocated sequence of first SSBs of a first predetermined number, which comprise second SSBs of a second predetermined number and third SSBs of a third predetermined number, a network apparatus of an access network of a cellular communication system determines (S503) a usage for resources associated with the third SSBs. According to the configuration of the pre-allocated sequence of first SSBs, the second SSBs are to be utilized in a beam management procedure including an initial access procedure and the third SSBs are not necessarily to be utilized in the beam management procedure including the initial access procedure which enables UEs to gain initial access to the cellular communication system via the access network. The network apparatus broadcasts (S505) the usage in the beam management procedure.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program product for: selecting (405), based on at least one first criterion, a set of antenna elements, determining (410) a radio beam codebook comprising a plurality of radio beam configurations for the set of antenna elements, determining (415) a radiation pattern obtainable based on the radio beam codebook, determining (420), based on the obtainable radiation pattern, a radio beam configuration that fulfills a second criterion, and applying (425) the radio beam configuration to a radio beam provided by the set of antenna elements.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and comprising device is described, comprising: in response to receiving, at a user device, a positioning message from one or more of a plurality of network nodes, selecting a first network node from the plurality of network nodes, wherein the first network node is selected based on determining that highest transmission power is required for transmission of a channel preamble message to said first network node in comparison with transmission to other ones of the plurality of network nodes; determining a first group of network nodes from the plurality of network nodes, wherein the first group of network nodes are suitable for receiving a first group channel preamble message from the user device during a same random access channel occasion as that of the first network node; and transmitting the first group channel preamble message to the first group of network nodes at a first random access channel occasion.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: means for obtaining a measured power loss in at least a first channel; means for, in dependence upon the measured power loss, determining to increase, decrease, or maintain a number of antenna elements used for beam-formed communication via the first channel; and means for, in dependence upon the determination, changing the number of antenna elements used for beam-formed communication via the first channel.

Abstract: There is provided apparatus for a transmitting device, the apparatus including: a first and a second up-converter circuit; a first and a second local oscillator; a first and a second antenna, wherein the first up-converter circuit includes the first local oscillator, and the second up-converter circuit includes the second local oscillator, wherein the first and the second local oscillators are configured to generate different frequency signals from each other. Each of the first and the second up-converter circuits are configured to: obtain a first signal for transmission; increase the frequency of the first signal using the first and the second local oscillators respectively; and provide the increased frequency first signal to the first and the second antennas respectively, for transmission.

Abstract: Inter-alia, a method is disclosed comprising: receiving a beam report information indicative of quality information about at least one of at least one beam of a first set of sidelink, SL beam management reference signals, -BMRS, or at least one beam of a second set of SL-BMRS; determining whether the beam report information is indicative of quality information of at least one beam of the first set of SL-BMRS or of at least one beam of the second set of SL-BMRS, or a combination of at least two beams of the first set of SL-BMRS and the second set of SL-BMRS; and attempting to establish or establishing communication based on the beam report information. It is further disclosed an according apparatus, computer program and system.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for maximum permissible exposure (MPE) uplink (UL) budget prioritization for physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) are provided. For example, with a restricted UL power budget under MPE event duration, the user equipment (UE) may prioritize the transmissions of control signals (e.g., PUCCH, medium access control control element (MAC CE), or PUSCH carrying measurement report only) over PUSCH carrying UL user plane traffic.

Abstract: A communication device for use in a cellular network includes a plurality of antenna panels for communication with cells in a cellular network, circuitry for carrying out a panel selection process based on received power level for selecting an antenna panel, and circuitry for performing measurement cycles requiring determination of respective power levels. The circuitry for performing measurement cycles measure measures a first received power level from said neighbor cell with the antenna panel selected for said neighbor cell and measures a second received power level from said neighbor cell with the antenna panel selected for said serving cell. The circuitry for performing measurement cycles measures a third power level received for said neighbor cell with the antenna panel selected for said serving cell and adjusting said third power level with an offset function, said adjusted third power level being used as the respective power level for, said neighbor cell.

Abstract: A user equipment includes a plurality of antenna panels, at least one processor, and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the user equipment to: identify a potential change in active antenna panel at the user equipment from a first of the plurality of antenna panels to a second of the plurality of antenna panels; and transmit at least one early panel switch detection message indicating the potential change in active antenna panel to a base station serving the user equipment.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for a radio frequency front end of a beamforming transmitter or transceiver. The apparatus comprises a dual-polarized antenna element (222) for reception of electromagnetic waves transmitted by an antenna array (221) of the radio frequency front end and subsequently reflected from at least one obstruction. The dual-polarized antenna element comprises first and second feed points (223, 224) for reception of a first polarization and of a second polarization. The apparatus further comprises a switch for switching between reception of the first polarization via the first feed point and the second polarization via the second feed point.