Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flexible-film primary battery includes forming a first conductive carbon layer on a surface-treated inner surface of a first pouch film to form a positive electrode collector, and forming a positive electrode layer on the first conductive carbon layer to form a positive electrode plate. A second conductive carbon layer is formed on a surface-treated inner surface of a second pouch film to form a negative electrode collector, and a negative electrode layer is formed on the second conductive carbon layer to form a negative electrode plate. An adhesion/post-injection polymer electrolyte layer is inserted between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate to manufacture a battery assembly. An electrolyte is injected into the polymer electrolyte layer of the battery assembly. The battery assembly is sealed completely to form a primary battery.

Abstract: An internal voltage generating circuit includes a first voltage application unit, a second voltage application unit, a first regulator, a second regulator, and a controller. The first and second voltage application units respectively provide a first voltage and a second voltage. The controller generates a bulk voltage, a first control signal, and a second control signal from the first and second voltages. The first regulator is enabled or disabled according to the first control signal and generates and outputs the first internal voltage based on the bulk voltage, the first voltage, and a first reference voltage. The second regulator is enabled or disabled according to the second control signal and generates and outputs the second internal voltage based on the bulk voltage, the second voltage, and a second reference voltage.

Abstract: A voltage adjusting circuit is provided includes an inducing circuit configured to induce a voltage from electromagnetic waves, a first rectifying circuit configured to rectify an output voltage of the inducing circuit, a control circuit configured to control an output voltage of the first rectifying circuit in response to the output voltage of the first rectifying circuit, and a second rectifying circuit configured to simultaneously rectify and regulate the output voltage of the inducing circuit in response to the output voltage of the first rectifying circuit.

Abstract: A phase-shift keying (PSK) demodulator and a smart card including the same are disclosed. The PSK demodulator includes a delay circuit and a sampling circuit. The delay circuit generates a plurality of clock signals by delaying the input signal. The sampling circuit samples the input signal in response to the clock signals, and generates output data.

Abstract: Provided are a vacuum-sealing-type flexible-film primary battery and a method of manufacturing the same. The primary battery includes a battery assembly comprising a positive electrode plate including a positive electrode collector having a first conductive carbon layer disposed on a surface-treated inner surface of a first pouch and a positive electrode layer disposed on the first conductive carbon layer of the positive electrode collector, a negative electrode plate including a negative electrode collector having a second conductive carbon layer disposed on a surface-treated inner surface of a second pouch and a negative electrode layer disposed on the second conductive carbon layer of the negative electrode collector, and an adhesion/post-injection polymer electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein the battery assembly is completely sealed. The flexible-film primary battery may employ the pouch as a collector film to improve flexibility.

Abstract: A method for compressing a speech signal by using similarity of the F.sub.1 /F.sub.0 ratios in pitch intervals within a frame. This method comprises the steps of: dividing the speech signal into frames, each being of a predetermined size; checking whether each of the divided frames corresponds to a voiced speech; obtaining an F.sub.1 /F.sub.0 ratio of an initial pitch interval and of subsequent pitch intervals of each frame corresponding to voiced speech; determining if data in each of the subsequent pitch intervals can be regarded as identical to data in the initial pitch interval by calculating if the difference between the obtained F.sub.1 /F.sub.0 ratio corresponding to the subsequent pitch interval and the obtained F.sub.1 /F.sub.0 ratio of the initial pitch interval is smaller than a predetermined value; and compressing data in each of the subsequent pitch intervals if it can be regarded as identical to data in the initial pitch interval according the determining step above.