Abstract: Disclosed are a composition for protecting skin and uses thereof. The composition comprises sphingomyelin as an active ingredient and protects the skin by inhibiting skin aging, treating a skin wound and improving a skin barrier.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a capacitor having a high capacitance, a semiconductor device having the same, and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device. In embodiments, the capacitor may include a lower electrode having a predetermined pattern, a dielectric layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the dielectric layer.

Abstract: Provided are a flash memory and a method for manufacturing the same. The flash memory includes a semiconductor substrate having a device isolation region and an active region; a stacked gate on the semiconductor substrate; an insulation layer covering the semiconductor substrate and the stacked gate; a drain contact penetrating the insulation layer on one side of the stacked gate; and a source line penetrating the insulation layer on an opposite side of the stacked gate.

Abstract: A flash memory device including an isolation layer for defining active regions in a semiconductor substrate. The active region is a region in which flash memory cells are to be formed. The device also includes a gate stack is formed to come across the active region and the isolation layer, and a sidewall spacer is formed at sidewalls of the gate stack. The device further includes a common source line that electrically interconnects a plurality of sources of a plurality of the flash memory cells, and is formed in the isolation layer by removing an insulating material in the isolation layer and is formed in parallel to a word line formed over the gate stack. A silicide layer is formed in the common source line.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cylindrical lithium secondary battery capable of improving the stability thereof against the external pressure, The cylindrical lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly and a core. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet and a separator interposed between the first and second electrode sheets, which are rolled together about an axis. The electrode assembly defines a space. The core has a tubular shape provided with a gap. The core includes at least one reinforcing structure extending in a direction extending along the axis. The core is inserted into the space of the electrode assembly. A housing receives the electrode assembly and core.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming a via-hole for interconnection of metallization and/or metal wires in a semiconductor device. The present method may include the steps of: (a) forming an insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate including a lower metallization and/or metal wiring; (b) forming a mask (e.g., a photo-resist pattern) on the insulating layer; (c) dry etching the insulating layer using the photo-resist pattern as a mask to form a via-hole in the insulating layer; and (d) in the same dry etching chamber, etching a top portion of the insulating layer in the vicinity of the via-hole with an etchant comprising oxygen and argon.

Abstract: A cylindrical lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly which has a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, and a separator provided between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, is wound in a spiral shape, and has a central space at the center of winding; a core member which is inserted into the central space of the electrode assembly; a case having a space for containing the electrode assembly; and a cap assembly which is connected to an upper portion of the case so as to seal the case.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a rechargeable battery having an electrode assembly, a PCB and a battery case, wherein the electrode assembly is connected to the PCB, the method including preparing a PCB having a first surface with an external contact terminal formed thereon and having a second surface with a conductive feature formed thereon, wherein the conductive feature is electrically connected to the external contact terminal through a conductive trace, and plating the external contact terminal by electrically connecting a plating electrode to the conductive feature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus for producing ozone by electrolysis of water. The apparatus comprises a pair of frames facing each other, and an anode and a cathode oppositely arranged between the two pieces of frames. Between the anode and the cathode is provided a solid polymer electrolyte membrane for transferring hydrogen ions formed during electrolysis. In addition, an auxiliary electrode is provided between the cathode and the solid polymer electrolyte membrane such that a scale can be formed on the surface of the auxiliary electrode. A spacer 60 is inserted between the anode and the cathode. Tap water as well as pure water and cation-exchanged water can be used as a raw material water to produce high-concentration ozone water. A uniformity of pressure between the electrodes and the solid polymer electrolyte membrane can be achieved, thereby providing for a stable operation.

Abstract: A solar simulator combines mercury lamps and halogen lamps, to improve upon conventional solar simulators using halogen and infrared lamps which cannot recreate an environment close to that under real sunlight, and upon solar simulators using expensive and fragile metal halide lamps and arc xenon lamps. An environment recreation laboratory for solar simulation includes a lamp bank mounted at an upper portion thereof and including a plurality of halogen lamps, halogen filter lamps being halogen lamps provided with an infrared filter, respectively, and mercury lamps. A temperature control unit includes a cooling unit that discharges air to cool the lamp bank, and an air conditioner that distributes the air discharged by the cooling unit. An electrical panel controls operations of the lamp bank and the temperature control unit, such that an environment within the environment recreation laboratory may very closely simulate the environment under real sunlight.

Abstract: A handover method and apparatus for a mobile terminal using location information in a network of heterogeneous systems are provided. The handover method uses service area map information provided by a location service server in a mobile communication network in which at least one or more heterogeneous wireless network systems are connected through a predetermined network and, includes: receiving service area map information transmitted from the location service server; the mobile terminal determining whether or not the location of the mobile terminal is within the service area map; and if it is determined that the mobile terminal is within the service area map, the wireless terminal selecting an accessible wireless network system and then activating a unit for communicating with a base station of the selected wireless network system.

Abstract: A mobile platform apparatus for a multiple antenna system and an apparatus for verifying the mobile platform apparatus are provided.

Abstract: A lithium rechargeable battery includes a current interrupt device in a cap assembly that includes a weakened central breakage portion that is designed to break and interrupt the current in the battery when the pressure inside the battery increases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a Brown gas mass production apparatus having a line style electrolytic cell in which an electrolytic cell case having an electrolyte distribution and discharging pipe mounted on the inside bottom surface thereof is coated with insulation material on the inner surface thereof, electrode units are disposed by two or three groups in a side-by-side arrangement in the electrolytic cell case, an electrolytic cell upper plate having gas outlet nipples mounted thereon is sealingly coupled to the top surface of the cell case to form a secured sealing between edges of the upper plate and the cell case.

Abstract: Methods to form metal lines in semiconductor devices are disclosed. An illustrated method comprises: depositing first and second interlayer dielectric layers on a semiconductor substrate; forming a via hole in the second interlayer dielectric; forming a photoresist pattern, forming a trench, using the photoresist pattern as a mask; removing an portion of the first interlayer dielectric layer that is exposed through the trench; and filling metal in the via hole and the trench to form the metal line. Etching the second interlayer dielectric layer, removing the photoresist pattern; and removing the exposed portion of the first interlayer dielectric layer are performed in-situ in the same chamber.

Abstract: A printer for an electronic cash register or a point of sales system includes a printer main body having a printer head, a cover frame pivotally connected to the printer main body, and a platen adjusting unit. A platen is mounted on an end of the cover frame. The platen adjusting unit is designed to allow the platen to pivot away from the printer head when the cover frame is opened, and to allow the platen to pivot close to the printer head with a predetermined gap between the platen and the printer head when the cover frame is closed.

Abstract: A keypad for a mobile communication terminal is provided. The keypad includes a sheet having contacts which deflect so as to switch contact point pairs on a printed circuit board on and off. The contacts may be formed as hemispherical domes to facilitate use. The sheet may also include band parts covering the contacts and an insulting sheet having at least one pair of semicircular openings which expose portions of the contacts. The insulating sheet is preferably made of a light-reflecting material/color which disperses light to illuminate keys of the keypad.

Abstract: A safety device of an air balancing hoist according to the present invention is provided to instantaneously brake a reel drum in the manner that a braking pawl mounted to be rotatable on an end cap is pushed to the outside direction of the circumference of a circle by centrifugal force to be locked into a ratchet wheel fixed on the end cap when the reel drum is suddenly fast rotated during a hoisting process.

Abstract: A method for completely removing color photoresist is disclosed. A disclosed method comprises: performing a first plasma ashing process to remove color photoresist on a substrate having at least one predetermined structure; performing a wet etch; and performing a second plasma ashing process to remove the residues of the color photoresist.