Abstract: A method of forming patterns includes coating a metal-containing resist composition on a substrate, sequentially coating two types of compositions for removing edge beads along an edge of the substrate, performing a heat-treatment including drying and heating to form a metal-containing resist film on the substrate, and exposing and developing the metal-containing resist film to form a resist pattern; or coating a metal-containing resist composition on a substrate, coating a composition for removing edge beads along an edge of the substrate, performing a heat-treatment including drying and heating to form a metal-containing resist film on the substrate, exposing the metal-containing resist film, and developing with a developing solution composition to form a resist pattern, wherein details of the two types of compositions for removing edge beads and the developing solution composition are as described in the specification.

Abstract: A composition for wet etching may include HF, a corrosion inhibitor, and an aprotic organic solvent having a dielectric constant of less than or equal to 60, The corrosion inhibitor may be a polycyclic fused ring compound in which a heterocyclic ring containing one or more S atoms therein is fused to an additional ring.

Abstract: An anode active material composition for a lithium secondary battery includes a carbon-based anode active material and a silicon-based anode active material, wherein the carbon-based anode active material has an orientation (I004/I110, here, I004 is a peak intensity of the (004) plane when measuring X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the carbon-based anode active material, and I110 is a peak intensity of the (110) plane when measuring XRD of the carbon-based anode active material) of 2.85 or less measured by XRD.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to embodiments of the present invention includes a carbon-based active material and a silicon-based active material including silicon-based active material particles having a particle size distribution in a range from 1 ?m to 19 ?m. A lithium secondary battery having improved life-span and rapid charge/discharge properties at room temperature is provided.

Abstract: An anode active material composition for a lithium secondary battery includes a carbon-based anode active material and a silicon-based anode active material, wherein the carbon-based anode active material has an orientation (I004/I110, here, I004 is a peak intensity of the (004) plane when measuring X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the carbon-based anode active material, and I110 is a peak intensity of the (110) plane when measuring XRD of the carbon-based anode active material) of 2.85 or less measured by XRD.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an etchant composition for etching silicon and silicon germanium, and/or a preparation method of a pattern using the etchant composition. The etchant composition may include an oxidizing agent, a fluorine-based compound, a surfactant represented by Chemical Formula 1 or 2, and water. The etchant composition may include the surfactant in an amount of 5% to 40% by weight based on 100% by weight of the etchant composition.

Abstract: An oxide film coating solution, including a silane compound and an organic solvent in which the silane compound is dissolved, in which the silane compound is represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 2. Chemical Formula 1 is (R)n—Si—(R?)m, in which R is an alkyl having a carbon number of 1 to 20, amine, fluorine, chlorine, vinyl, sulfur, methacryl, acetoxy, isocyanurate, or alkyleneoxy group, R? is an alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, chloro, or disilazane group, n and m are integers of 1 to 3, and n+m is 4. Chemical Formula 2 is (R3—Si)n—N—(H)m, in which R is an alkyl having a carbon number of 1 to 20, amine, fluorine, chlorine, vinyl, sulfur, methacryl, acetoxy, isocyanurate, or alkyleneoxy group, n and m are integers of 0 to 3, and n+m is 3.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes first lithium-transition metal oxide particles containing nickel and having a single particle form, and second lithium-transition metal oxide particles including small-sized lithium-transition metal oxide particles and large-sized lithium-transition metal oxide particles and having a bi-modal distribution. The energy density, cycle life properties, and storage properties of the lithium secondary battery may be improved.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting a defective battery cell is proposed. The proposed apparatus includes a charger for supplying current to cause a battery cell to maintain a constant voltage, a measurement part for measuring the voltage and current of the battery cell, and a controller for determining whether a defect exists in the battery cell on the basis of the current measured by the measurement part, whereby the defective battery cell may be detected with high accuracy, a time required for the detection may be shortened, and a space required for the detection may also be reduced.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery according to the present disclosure may comprise a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and an additive, wherein the organic solvent may comprise ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC), wherein the additive may comprise fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and a volume ratio of the propylene carbonate to the ethylene carbonate in the organic solvent may be 0.2 or more and less than 4.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, the method including forming a fin type pattern including a lower pattern and an upper pattern on a substrate, the upper pattern including a plurality of sacrificial layers and a plurality of sheet patterns alternately stacked on the lower pattern; forming a field insulating film on the substrate and the fin type pattern such that the field insulation film covers side walls of the lower pattern; forming a passivation film on the field insulating film such that the passivation film extends along an upper surface of the field insulating film; and removing the plurality of sacrificial layers after forming the passivation film.

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are provided. The cathode for a lithium secondary battery includes a cathode current collector, a first cathode mixture layer disposed on at least one surface of the cathode current collector, and including a first cathode active material being a lithium transition metal oxide particle having a single-crystal structure, and a second cathode mixture layer disposed on the first cathode mixture layer, and including a second cathode active material being a lithium transition metal oxide particle having a secondary particle structure.

Abstract: An anode according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes an anode current collector, a first anode active material layer which is disposed on at least one surface of the anode current collector, and includes a first silicon-based active material and a first binder including a first rubber-based binder and a first cellulose-based binder. The anode includes a second anode active material layer which is disposed on the first anode active material layer, and includes a second silicon-based active material and a second binder including a second rubber-based binder and a second cellulose-based binder. A weight ratio of the first cellulose-based binder to the first rubber-based binder in the first binder is lower than a weight ratio of the second cellulose-based binder to the second rubber-based binder in the second binder.

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium secondary battery according to the present disclosure includes: a cathode current collector; a first cathode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the cathode current collector and including first lithium metal oxide particles having a secondary particle structure; and a second cathode active material layer disposed on the first cathode active material layer and including second lithium metal oxide particles having a single particle structure. Each of the first cathode active material layer and the second cathode active material layer includes pores. A ratio of the median pore diameter (D50) of the first cathode active material layer to that of the second cathode active material layer is 2.5 to 4.

Abstract: An etchant composition may include an oxidizing agent, a chelating agent, a phosphoric acid compound, and an organic solvent. The oxidizing agent may be selected from a nitrate-containing oxidizing agent, a phosphate-containing oxidizing agent, a sulfate-containing oxidizing agent, an acetate-containing oxidizing agent, or a combination thereof. The oxidizing agent may include at least two types of compounds having different oxidizing powers over molybdenum, which may be in a range from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt %, based on a total amount of the etchant composition. The chelating agent may be in a range from 0.001 wt % to 10 wt %, based on the total amount of the etchant composition. The phosphoric acid compound may be in a range from 15 wt % to 25 wt %, based on the total amount of the etchant composition. The organic solvent may correspond to a remaining portion of the etchant composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anode for a secondary battery, which includes an anode current collector and an anode active material layer which is formed on the anode current collector, and includes a silicon-based active material and a conductive material including single-walled carbon nanotubes. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a Raman R value (a D band peak intensity (Id)/a G band peak intensity (Ig)) of 0.01 to 0.1.

Abstract: According to the inventive concept, an etching composition includes about 20 wt % to about 30 wt % of an oxidizer, a buffer including at least one among ammonium phosphate and a material represented by Formula 1, and a pH adjustor including alkyl ammonium hydroxide, wherein the etching composition may have a pH of 7 to 9.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anode for a secondary battery, which includes an anode current collector and an anode active material layer which is formed on the anode current collector, and includes a silicon-based active material and a conductive material including single-walled carbon nanotubes. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a Raman R value (a D band peak intensity (Id)/a G band peak intensity (Ig)) of 0.01 to 0.1.

Abstract: Disclosed a vehicle brake system in which the structure required when transmitting a wake-up signal in response to a pedal input can be further simplified, the vehicle brake system comprising: a pedal travel sensor (PTS) which senses whether pressure is being applied to the pedal and the amount of pressure being applied; and a wake recognition circuit which is connected to the PTS such that electricity can flow directly in both directions, and which receives a signal from the PTS and wakes up an electronic control unit (ETU), wherein the PTS delivers the output signal to the wake recognition circuit if the output signal is at least a preset value.

Abstract: An anode for a secondary battery includes an anode current collector, and an anode active material layer including a first anode active material layer and a second anode active material layer sequentially stacked from a surface of the anode current collector. Each of the first anode active material layer and the second anode active material layer includes a carbon-based active material and a silicon-based active material as an anode active material, and a carbon nanotube as a conductive material. A content of the silicon-based active material in the second anode active material layer is greater than a content of the silicon-based active material in the first anode active material layer. A Raman R value of the carbon nanotube included in the second anode active material layer is smaller than a Raman R value of the carbon nanotube included in the first anode active material layer.