Abstract: A printer includes a controller configured to, while conveying a print medium, apply a fourth quantity of thermal energy per unit area to a first area of the print medium and apply a fifth quantity of thermal energy per unit area to a second area that at least partially overlaps the first area in a conveyance direction, the print medium developing a color when supplied with a quantity of thermal energy per unit area equal to or more than a first quantity and equal to or less than a second quantity and developing another color when supplied with a quantity of thermal energy per unit area equal to or more than a third quantity more than the second quantity, the fourth and fifth quantities being more than the first quantity and less than the second quantity, a sum of the fourth and fifth quantities being less than the third quantity.

Abstract: A vehicular heat management system including a heater for carrying out heating of a heat medium and stop the heating, and a heat exchanger configured to carry out heat exchange between lubricant oil for lubricating a speed change apparatus and the heat medium. A heat medium circulator is provided that is configured to switch the heat medium circulation state between a first circulation state where the heat medium circulates through the heater and the heat exchanger, and a second circulation state where the heat medium circulates through the heater and a heater core. An electronic control unit is also provided.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus, comprising a focus controller that generates an evaluation value by extracting given signal components from an image signal, and carries out focus adjustment by calculating position of the focus lens where the evaluation value becomes a peak, a display that displays an image based on image data generated from the image signal, and a controller that, as initial image display after commencement of the continuous focus adjustment operation, executes display using the display based on image data corresponding to an image signal in which the evaluation value becomes a peak, from among image data that has been acquired during the focus adjustment operation.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes a first focus detection circuit configured to calculate an evaluation value indicative of a contrast based on an image pickup signal output by an image pickup device, a second focus detection circuit configured to perform focus detection based on phase difference detection to output a defocus amount of an image-acquiring optical system including a focus lens, and a control circuit configured to control a focusing operation of detecting a position of the focus lens where the evaluation value is indicative of an extreme value based on an output from the first focus detection circuit. Based on the defocus amount output by the second focus detection circuit, the control circuit controls initial position driving of the focus lens executed before the focusing operation is performed.

Abstract: A cooling water control apparatus is configured to control a cooling apparatus, wherein the cooling apparatus includes: a first pipe in which the cooling water passes through an engine; a second pipe in which the cooling water does not pass through the engine; a valve; and an exhaust heat recovery equipment, the cooling water control apparatus includes: a determining device for performing a determination operation to determine whether or not the valve has failure on the basis of difference between first water temperature and second water temperature; and a controlling device for controlling the cooling apparatus such that transferred heat amount in the exhaust heat recovery equipment decreases with increase of load of the engine or the transferred heat amount is maintained regardless of largeness of the load of the engine, when the determining device performs the determination operation.

Abstract: A printer includes a controller configured to, while conveying a print medium, apply a fourth quantity of thermal energy per unit area to a first area of the print medium and apply a fifth quantity of thermal energy per unit area to a second area that at least partially overlaps the first area in a conveyance direction, the print medium developing a color when supplied with a quantity of thermal energy per unit area equal to or more than a first quantity and equal to or less than a second quantity and developing another color when supplied with a quantity of thermal energy per unit area equal to or more than a third quantity more than the second quantity, the fourth and fifth quantities being more than the first quantity and less than the second quantity, a sum of the fourth and fifth quantities being less than the third quantity.

Abstract: An extreme value detection section performs a scan operation to detect and store an extreme value of a contrast and a direction of change in the contrast while performing scan driving of a focus lens, based on a direction indicated by a defocus amount. A determination start position calculation section calculates a determination start position corresponding to a position of the focus lens where a determination whether the scan operation is stopped is started, as a position precedent to an in-focus position based on the defocus amount. A control section stops the scan operation if a maximum value is detected during the scan operation before the focus lens reaches the determination start position and it is determined that the contrast decreases as a latest change during the scan operation after the focus lens reaches the determination start position.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus moves a focus lens on the basis of an imaging signal of an image pickup device to perform a focal adjustment. The image pickup device images a subject. The imaging apparatus includes an evaluation value calculation circuit, a control circuit, and a movement determination circuit. The evaluation value calculation circuit extracts a predetermined signal component from an imaging signal to generate an evaluation value. The control circuit performs a focal adjustment on the basis of the evaluation value. The movement determination circuit determines whether or not the subject or the imaging apparatus is moving. The control circuit changes a frame rate of the image pickup device from a first frame rate to a second frame rate higher than the first frame rate when the movement determination circuit determines that the subject or the imaging apparatus is moving.

Abstract: A cooling water control apparatus is a cooling water control apparatus for controlling a cooling apparatus having a first pipe which circulates cooling water through an engine; a second pipe which circulates the cooling water not through the engine; and a switching valve whose state is changed between opened and closed states, and has: a detecting device which detects first temperature of the cooling water in a pipe portion of the first pipe between the engine and the switching valve; and a determining device which determines that there is failure of the switching valve whose state is the closed state, if required period from the output of the command for changing the state of the switching valve from the opened state to the closed state until the first temperature reaches predetermined temperature is larger than predetermined target period.

Abstract: A cooling water control apparatus controls a cooling apparatus having first pipe which circulates cooling water through an engine; second pipe which circulates cooling water not through the engine; a switching valve whose state is changed between opened and closed states; and a supplying mechanism which supplies cooling water, and has a determining device which determines whether there is failure of the switching valve based on difference between first temperature of cooling water in first pipe and second temperature of cooling water in second pipe after the command for changing the state of the switching valve from closed state to opened state is outputted; and a controlling device which controls the supplying mechanism to supply cooling water even after the engine stops, when the engine stops while the determining device determines whether there is failure of the switching valve.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes a first focus detection circuit configured to calculate an evaluation value indicative of a contrast based on an image pickup signal output by an image pickup device, a second focus detection circuit configured to perform focus detection based on phase difference detection to output a defocus amount of an image-acquiring optical system including a focus lens, and a control circuit configured to control a focusing operation of detecting a position of the focus lens where the evaluation value is indicative of an extreme value based on an output from the first focus detection circuit. Based on the defocus amount output by the second focus detection circuit, the control circuit controls initial position driving of the focus lens executed before the focusing operation is performed.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus performing live-view display by generating image data using an exposure parameter calculated from a brightness value in a photometric area for the live-view display which is different from a photometric area for focus adjustment when not performing the focus adjustment, the imaging apparatus comprising: a first calculating section for calculating a first brightness value in the photometric area for the live-view display; a second calculating section for calculating a second brightness value in the photometric area for focus adjustment; a comparison section for determining whether or not a brightness difference between the first brightness value and the second brightness value is within a predetermined range; and, an imaging section for obtaining image data by performing exposure using the first brightness value when the brightness difference between the first brightness value and the second brightness value is within the predetermined range.

Abstract: Means that enables monitoring of an anticancer effect of an anti-CD4 antibody or an anticancer drug targeting an immune checkpoint is disclosed. The method for testing a therapeutic effect of a cancer therapy of the present invention is a method for testing a therapeutic effect of an anticancer drug comprising as an effective ingredient an anti-CD4 antibody or an anticancer drug targeting an immune checkpoint, which method comprises investigation of expression of (1) at least one immune checkpoint receptor, (2) CD8, and (3) at least one cell surface molecule selected from the group consisting of CD44 and CD45RO, on T cells using a sample derived from a patient who received the anticancer drug. Induction of a T cell population which is positive for the immune checkpoint molecule (1) and positive for CD8, and which shows high expression of CD44 and/or high expression of CD45RO, indicates that said anticancer drug is producing a therapeutic effect in said patient.

Abstract: A thermoelectric conversion material (10) according to an embodiment includes a plurality of parent-phase particles (22) and nanoparticles (30). The parent-phase particles (22) have a crystalline structure. Each of the nanoparticles (30) includes an oxide and exists at an interface between the parent-phase particles (22). The nanoparticles (30) include at least one element that constitutes the crystalline structure. When a range of 6 ?m×4 ?m of the thermoelectric conversion material (10) is observed with a scanning electron microscope to acquire one sheet of cross-sectional observation image, an average particle diameter d, which is an average of an equivalent circle diameter of a particle group including the parent-phase particles (22) and the nanoparticles (30) which are observed on the cross-sectional observation image, is equal to or more than 100 nm and equal to or less than 1000 nm.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus, comprising a focus controller that generates an evaluation value by extracting given signal components from an image signal, and carries out focus adjustment by calculating position of the focus lens where the evaluation value becomes a peak, a display that displays an image based on image data generated from the image signal, and a controller that, as initial image display after commencement of the continuous focus adjustment operation, executes display using the display based on image data corresponding to an image signal in which the evaluation value becomes a peak, from among image data that has been acquired during the focus adjustment operation.

Abstract: A focus detection apparatus according the present invention includes: a normal focus detection information acquiring section which detects a normal AF evaluation peak position from contrast information; a special focus detection information acquiring section which detects a special AF evaluation peak position among different focus positions using brightness information and the contrast information; a determination section which determines information to be used for focus detection using the brightness information and either of the normal AF evaluation peak position and the special AF evaluation peak position, and a focus detection calculation section which calculates a focus detection position using the information to be used for focus detection determined by the determination section.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel means effective for treatment, metastasis-inhibition, and recurrence-inhibition of human solid cancer. A therapeutic agent for solid cancer according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient an anti-CD4 antibody having a high cytotoxic activity, or an anti-CD4 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof which antibody or fragment comprises a cytotoxic component bound thereto. Said anti-CD4 antibody is a human-type chimeric antibody, humanized antibody or human antibody against human CD4. The therapeutic agent of the present invention produces still higher effects by combined use with antagonist or agonist against immune checkpoint molecule, small molecule anticancer agents, or the like. The therapeutic agent is also effective in suppressing recurrence and metastasis of solid cancer.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory element including: a first electrode; a second electrode; a variable resistance layer that is between the first electrode and the second electrode and includes, as stacked layers, a first variable resistance layer connected to the first electrode and a second variable resistance layer connected to the second electrode; and a side wall protecting layer that has oxygen barrier properties and covers a side surface of the variable resistance layer. The first variable resistance layer includes a first metal oxide and a third metal oxide formed around the first metal oxide and having an oxygen deficiency lower than that of the first metal oxide, and the second variable resistance layer includes a second metal oxide having an oxygen deficiency lower than that of the first metal oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a means for reducing side effects of an immune checkpoint regulator that is used as an anticancer drug or the like. A side-effect reducing agent according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient an anti-CD4 antibody having a high cytotoxic activity, or an anti-CD4 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof which antibody or fragment comprises a cytotoxic component bound thereto. The anti-CD4 antibody is a human-type chimeric antibody, humanized antibody or human antibody against human CD4. The immune checkpoint regulator may be, for example, an anti-PD-L1 antibody, an antagonistic anti-CTLA-4 antibody, or an agonistic anti-OX40 antibody.

Abstract: A focus adjustment device comprises an image sensor having imaging pixels and focus detection pixels, which subjects light flux that is passed through a photographing lens to photoelectric conversion and outputs an image signal, a first memory which stores information relating to incident angle range of light flux that is incident towards the image sensor, a second memory which stores information relating to characteristics of the image sensor, and a calculation section which calculates information for focus adjustment based on output of the first memory and output of the second memory.