Abstract: An ECU obtains two data values (a peak value and a waveform correlation coefficient) that show the characteristics of a knock from the output of a knock sensor. The ECO approximately obtains the mean of each data value by smoothing each data value, and approximately obtains a variance by smoothing the squared deviation between the data values before and after the smoothing process. The ECU then computes the square root of the variance to approximately obtain a standard deviation. The ECU normalizes each data value using the mean and the standard deviation, obtains a distribution of the normalized two data values, and calculates a correlation coefficient that shows the correlation between the obtained distribution and an ideal knock distribution. Based on the correlation coefficient, the ECU corrects a knock determination threshold value. Therefore, the mean and the standard deviation of the data values are computed with a small RAM capacity.

Abstract: A plurality of variables representing the characteristics of a knock is obtained from an output signal of a sensor. The variables include a peak value of the knock frequency component in the output signal of the sensor and a waveform correlation coefficient representing the correlation between the waveform of the output signal and an ideal knock waveform, which is the waveform specific to a knock. The peak value and the waveform correlation coefficient are normalized, and a detection distribution is created using the obtained normalized data values. A correlation coefficient for knock determination representing the correlation between the detection distribution and an ideal knock distribution is calculated. The correlation coefficient for knock determination is compared with a predetermined knock determination threshold value, and the knock determination threshold value is corrected in accordance with the comparison result. As a result, the accuracy and the reliability of knock determination are improved.

Abstract: A method of controlling hand over that reliably performs SHO even when there exists discrepancy between a range of a cell or sector and a range in which communication is possible. A reference value, which is compared with a received level of a perch channel signal for judging timing of starting and ending SHO, is corrected by using a correction value prepared for each combination of an SHO source cell and an SHO destination cell. The reference value is corrected such that SHO is started when the mobile station 10 arrives at a range in which the mobile station 10 can communicate with a base station 21 that covers the SHO destination candidate cell, and the hand over is ended when the mobile station 10 comes out of a range in which the mobile station 10 can communicate with a base station that covers the SHO source cell.

Abstract: An optimization apparatus capable of efficiently placing an electronic component. An optimization unit (203) determines a first assignment to the placement apparatus and calculates a first placement time required for placing all the electronic components assigned to the placement apparatus by the first assignment onto a circuit board by the placement apparatus. The optimization unit selects two placement apparatuses among a plurality of placement apparatuses, selects a type of an electronic component assigned for the selected placement apparatus, determines a second assignment by interchanging two selected times assigned, calculates a second placement time required for placing all the electronic components assigned to the placement apparatus by the second assignment onto the circuit board by the placement apparatus, and employs the one of the first assignment and the second assignment which has a smaller placement time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control apparatus capable of more effectively utilizing radio resources. Mobile stations positioned close to each other are treated as one group, and a direction and width (radiation angle) of a beam radiated from an adaptive array antenna 11 is controlled for each group so that one beam capture one group. To be concrete, a plurality of mobile stations are classified into groups by a classification section 19, and an area to which each group moves is estimated by a directivity determination section 20. The adaptive array antenna 11 is controlled by the directivity control section 15 so that one beam can cover an area in which one group is positioned and the area to which this one group moves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmission power control method which enables communications between a base station and a terminal station to be always performed at a high transfer rate by always assuring an uplink communication path between a base station which can transfer a downlink signal most efficiently and a terminal station. Each of terminal stations 111 to 119 selects a base station which can receive a downlink radio wave with the highest power, and transmits a code for identifying the base station on an uplink signal. When the received power of the uplink radio waves transmitted from the terminal station which has transmitted the code identifying the own station is higher than the threshold value, each of base stations 501 to 503 transmits a control signal for decreasing the power to the terminal station.

Abstract: Image data of various kinds of components and component text data required for mounting of components, e.g., shapes, dimensions, packing forms, colors, and the like of the components, are stored in a storage medium in a manner to be read out as part of a component electronic catalog. The storage medium is used to make a search for components on a screen and automatically read out necessary component text data. The component electronic catalog can be used not only to search for components on a screen, similar to a conventional component electronic catalog, but to automatically read out component text data so as to automatically form mounting data for components to be mounted which are selected through the screen search.

Abstract: The invention relates to semiconductor integrated circuit devices having a circuit operating in synchronism with a clock signal, and it is an object of the invention to provide a semiconductor integrated circuit device in which clock skew between lines that occurs as a result of a change in the circuit layout of the LSI can be easily optimized. There is provided a configuration including an inverter of a clocked circuit formed on a silicon substrate and operating in synchronism with a clock signal, an inverter of a clock timing adjusting circuit formed in an SOI structure, and a via hole for electrically connecting the inverters.

Abstract: Image data of various kinds of components and component text data required for mounting of components, e.g., shapes, dimensions, packing forms, colors, and the like of the components, are stored in a storage medium in a manner to be read out as part of a component electronic catalog. The storage medium is used to make a search for components on a screen and automatically read out necessary component text data. The component electronic catalog can be used not only to search for components on a screen, similar to a conventional component electronic catalog, but to automatically read out component text data so as to automatically form mounting data for components to be mounted which are selected through the screen search.

Abstract: A method of controlling hand over that reliably performs SHO even when there exists discrepancy between a range of a cell or sector and a range in which communication is possible. A reference value, which is compared with a received level of a perch channel signal for judging timing of starting and ending SHO, is corrected by using a correction value prepared for each combination of an SHO source cell and an SHO destination cell. The reference value is corrected such that SHO is started when the mobile station 10 arrives at a range in which the mobile station 10 can communicate with a base station 21 that covers the SHO destination candidate cell, and the hand over is ended when the mobile station 10 comes out of a range in which the mobile station 10 can communicate with a base station that covers the SHO source cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control apparatus capable of more effectively utilizing radio resources. Mobile stations positioned close to each other are treated as one group and a direction and width (radiation angle) of a beam radiated from an adaptive array antenna 11 is controlled for each group so that one beam capture one group. To be concrete, a plurality of mobile stations are classified into groups by a classification section 19, and an area to which each group moves is estimated by a directivity determination section 20. The adaptive array antenna 11 is controlled by the directivity control section 15 so that one beam can cover an area in which one group is positioned and the area to which this one group moves.

Abstract: Image data of various kinds of components and component text data required for mounting of components, e.g., shapes, dimensions, packing forms, colors, and the like of the components are stored in a storage medium in a manner to be read out as part of a component electrical catalog. The storage medium is used to make a search for components on a screen and automatically read out necessary component text data. The component electronic catalog can be used not only to search for components on a screen, similar to a conventional component electronic catalog, but to automatically read out component text data so as to automatically form mounting data for components to be mounted which are selected through the screen search.

Abstract: image data of various kinds of components and component text data required for mounting of components, e.g., shapes, dimensions, packing forms, colors, and the like of the components, are stored in a storage medium in a manner to be read out as part of a component electronic catalog. The storage medium is used to make a search for components on a screen and automatically read out necessary component text data. The component electronic catalog can be used not only to search for components on a screen, similar to a conventional component electronic catalog, but to automatically read out component text data so as to automatically form mounting data for components to be mounted which are selected through the screen search.

Abstract: The state of charging and discharging of a secondary cell circuit varies with battery deterioration and with the margin for charging and discharging. The state of charging and discharging is detected accurately without coming into contact with any unit cells, and maintenance and inspection can be performed efficiently. Charging and discharging characteristics of the battery are held in a memory, and charging current and discharging current are controlled by comparing measured voltage and current values with the charging and discharging characteristics held in the memory. Furthermore, battery information relating to each unit cell is transmitted by radio signals and the substance of this information is displayed at the driver's seat.

Abstract: A method of repairing a defect existing on a photo mask comprising a transparent substrate and a mask pattern formed on the substrate, comprises steps of irradiating a focused ion beam toward the defect and supplying XeF.sub.2 gas to the defect, when an etching rate of the defect by the focused ion beam and XeF.sub.2 is 1.7 times greater than an etching rate by a sole irradiation of the focused ion beam.

Abstract: Graphic data for forming a light-shielding pattern and graphic data for forming a semitransparent pattern are stored in first and second memories, respectively. A synthesis circuit converts the graphic data stored in the first and second memories into bit patterns and writes them in a third memory. A line width determination circuit determines, as a halftone region, a region having the number of continuous bits at the same level, which number is a predetermined number or less, in the bit patterns stored in the third memory. A pattern data generation circuit generates pattern data constituted by the signal levels of a light-transmitting region and a light-shielding region on the basis of an output signal from the synthesis circuit.

Abstract: A method for mounting electronic components on circuit boards by operating an electronic component-mounting apparatus based on numerical control (NC) data involves the storage of component information, including supply numbers of components purchased from a plurality of makers, maker names of the purchased components, sizes thereof, configurations thereof, and mounting conditions, into a component mounting data base. A correspondence is established between factory numbers listed in a CAD data table and the supply numbers, thereby allowing the management of the supply numbers by grouping one or more supply numbers with each factory number. The supply numbers corresponding to a factory number are used as an index to obtain component information corresponding to each of the supply numbers. This obtained component information is used to generate the numerical control (NC) data for the component-mounting apparatus.

Abstract: A circuit by which an SWI instruction held in a memory circuit is switchedly input in response to a signal supplied externally is provided in a processor, whereby the substitution of a program word can be realized using such an internal circuit, so that a high-speed and reliable break in program execution can be effected. Moreover, an interrupt function separate from normal interrupts is established by setting a specified operation mode, whereby, when a data processor is used as an emulator, the break of a user program including the ordinary interrupt processes can be easily effected by utilizing the special interrupt function. Also, by additionally providing the function of delivering out a signal indicative of the break status, an external circuit can be simplified.

Abstract: An assembly line includes a printing device for printing solder on a land of a circuit board, a mounting device for mounting an electric component at a predetermined position of the solder, and a soldering device for soldering the land to a terminal of the component. A monitored items detecting device detects predetermined to be monitored items of the board and equipment used in the printing, mounting, or soldering devices, and a control device analyzes a condition of the equipment and quality of the board with reference to warning criterion which do not exceed failure criterion, and then dynamically controls the various devices accordingly.

Abstract: According to a method of repairing a pattern using a photomask pattern repair device of the present invention, a reference point is set within a reference point confirmation scanning area on a pattern member and near a pattern repair range on the pattern member, and a protection film is formed by a material other than that of an underlying member, so as to cover the reference point confirmation scanning area. A through hole is then formed so as to penetrate only the protection film. The scanning area is scanned with a charged particle beam to cause a secondary ion to be emitted from the underlying member only through the through hole. The secondary ion is detected to confirm a reference position corresponding to the through hole. When a variation in the orbit of the charged particle beam is detected from the confirmed reference position, the position of the charged particle beam is corrected in accordance with an amount of drift of the variation.