Abstract: A developer for developing latent electrostatic images for use in the rear side exposure system, composed of an electroconductive magnetic carrier which is composed of electroconductive magnetic carrier particles, each electroconductive magnetic carrier particle including a magnetic base particle and an electroconductive layer formed on the surface of the magnetic base particle, a magnetic high-resistivity magnetic carrier, and an electrically insulating toner; and an image formation method of forming toner images on a photoconductor by using this developer in accordance with the rear side exposure system are disclosed.

Abstract: A laser oscillator has a casing 10. A cooling medium is supplied from an inlet port 134 to a heat exchanger 8 via a pipe 35, and discharged form it via a pipe 37 and an outlet port 136. The ports 134 and 136 are symmetrically positioned relative to a center line of the casing when seen from upward. An inlet port 340 and an outlet port 342 have a similar positional relation ship thereto.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier on which a plurality of latent patch images are formed by exposure of different luminance, and the latent patch images are developed to form toner patch images. The apparatus further includes a gradation correction curve forming device in which a gradation correction curve is made from reflection density data of the patch toner image. The correction curve is formed, and gradation correction processing is conducted in accordance with the correction curve, so that an image forming process can be carried out. Further, when the correction curve cannot be obtained, at least one predetermined gradation curve stored in a memory in advance is selected as a substitution for the correction curve.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus which makes it possible to select a laser beam mode always optimally suited to processing of a workpiece on the basis of a change in the focusing characteristic of each mode and the amount of movement of the beam's focal point with respect to a change in a laser output value. The laser processing apparatus includes a laser oscillator capable of changing the beam mode of its laser beam, and a processing table, all controlled by a controller which operates to change the beam mode of the oscillator in correspondence with a laser output during processing.

Abstract: A developer for developing latent electrostatic images for use in the rear side exposure system, composed of an electroconductive magnetic carrier which is composed of electroconductive magnetic carrier particles, each electroconductive magnetic carrier particle including a magnetic base particle and an electroconductive layer formed on the surface of the magnetic base particle, a magnetic high-resistivity magnetic carrier, and an electrically insulating toner; and an image formation method of forming toner images on a photoconductor by using this developer in accordance with the rear side exposure system are disclosed.

Abstract: A pulsimeter includes a main body having a front face and a back face that is opposite the front face. A finger insertion section, into which a finger may be inserted, is arranged on the back face of the main body. Also included is a pulse sensor which is configured to sense pulses from a user's finger that has been inserted into the finger insertion section. A display, which is arranged on the front face of the main body, is configured to display the pulses sensed by the pulse sensor. The display and the finger insertion section are arranged such that the display may be observed by the user while the user's finger is inserted into the finger insertion section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing decorative boards excelling in brightness, the method comprising the steps of: providing a transfer sheet (1) comprising a releasable film (20), a metallized layer (5) formed on the releasable film (20) and an adhesive layer (6) formed on the metallized layer (5) over its entire surface or according to a desired pattern; transferring selectively a part of the metallized layer of the transfer sheet where the adhesive layer is formed onto a decorative board base (2) over its entire surface or a part of the decorative board base surface and/or a back side thereof by superposing the decorative board base (2) and the transfer sheet (1) of its adhesive layer side and pressing the thus obtained laminate; impregnating the thus obtained decorative board base having the metallized layer (5) with a thermosetting resin; and hot-pressing the thus impregnated decorative board base to obtain the decorative board having excellent brightness.

Abstract: A laser oscillator that has a resonator cavity defined by oppositely disposed discharge electrodes as well as a plurality of total reflecting mirrors and a partial reflecting mirror, the resonator cavity volume containing the path of a laser beam generated by the oscillator. A laser gas medium is used to control the temperature of the oscillator and is directed in a main flow generally transverse to the path of the laser. A side flow is taken from the main flow and is directed by a duct to a position in the vicinity of the partial reflecting mirror. In order to avoid excess heating of the gas medium in the vicinity of the partial reflecting mirror and to avoid directly impacting the mirror with the gas medium, a U-shaped structure is disposed at the exit of the side flow duct, proximate to the mirror, for directing the side flow in the vicinity of but away from the mirror.

Abstract: A laser oscillator comprising a laser resonator having a plurality of mirrors for directing the laser energy from source to exit apertures, the mirrors being constructed and mounted adjustably for reducing parasitic oscillations. The mirrors are mounted in adjusting members that have channels therein for coolant and are provided with heat insulating members that minimize heat gradients and unwanted heat transfers that may result in the distortion of the reflecting surfaces. In addition, the mirrors are angled so that light paths are defined that present a Z-shaped turning pattern. Apertures proximate to the mirrors through which the light beams are directed are offset from a common plane so that a reflective surface is not within the aperture of the opposing reflective surface. One or more of the apertures can be so offset to reduce the possibility of parasitic oscillations. Further, the reflectors can be angled and the apertures sized so as to eliminate parasitic oscillations.