Abstract: A graphite monochromator for X-rays and neutrons which uses a graphitized product obtained by graphitizing a polymer film in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 2,000.degree. to 3,500.degree. C., which has an extremely excellent plane orientation, and has an excellent smoothness and a mosaic spread of 4.degree. or less.

Abstract: A method for forming a pattern of conjugated system polymer which can be given an electrical conductivity by doping treatment which comprises forming a thin film of a polymeric sulfonium salt having a recurring unit represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a group capable of conjugating with an adjacent vinylene group formed by elimination of sulfonium salt as a side chain, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X.sup.- represents counter ion, on a substrate, irradiating said thin film with a prescribed pattern of light including a deep ultraviolet ray having a wavelength not longer than 300 nm and then subjecting the thin film to development.

Abstract: A light-polarizing film is disclosed, comprising a conductive polymer having dichroism and having an unsaturated cyclic structure in the main chain thereof. The light-polarizing film of the invention has good polarization quality and is excellent in durability under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions.

Abstract: A process for producing o-methylated phenols useful as raw materials for resins and medicines in high yields comprising reacting methanol with phenols in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (1) magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and iron oxide which are all pre-treated with phenols and (2) magnesium phenolate.