Abstract: Methods and systems for exchanging various forms of value, including coins, currency, credit, debit, and/or bank account funds, for prepaid cash cards, credit cards, phone cards, and the like. In one embodiment, a value exchange machine includes a coin input region, a coin sorting/counting apparatus, a card reader, and a communications facility configured to communicate with a remote computer network. In another embodiment, a value exchange system includes one or more of the value exchange machines connected to one or more remote computers via a communications link. A user wishing to purchase, for example, a prepaid cash card can visit one of the value exchange machines, select the desired transaction, and pay for the card with coins, currency, a credit card, a debit card, and/or bank account funds. After confirming payment, the value exchange machine dispenses the card to the user.

Abstract: Methods and systems for exchanging various forms of value, including coins, currency, credit, debit, and/or bank account funds, for prepaid cash cards, credit cards, phone cards, and the like. In one embodiment, a value exchange machine includes a coin input region, a coin sorting/counting apparatus, a card reader, and a communications facility configured to communicate with a remote computer network. In another embodiment, a value exchange system includes one or more of the value exchange machines connected to one or more remote computers via a communications link. A user wishing to purchase, for example, a prepaid cash card can visit one of the value exchange machines, select the desired transaction, and pay for the card with coins, currency, a credit card, a debit card, and/or bank account funds. After confirming payment, the value exchange machine dispenses the card to the user.

Abstract: Methods and systems for exchanging various forms of value, including coins, currency, credit, debit, and/or bank account funds, for prepaid cash cards, credit cards, phone cards, and the like. In one embodiment, a value exchange machine includes a coin input region, a coin sorting/counting apparatus, a card reader, and a communications facility configured to communicate with a remote computer network. In another embodiment, a value exchange system includes one or more of the value exchange machines connected to one or more remote computers via a communications link. A user wishing to purchase, for example, a prepaid cash card can visit one of the value exchange machines, select the desired transaction, and pay for the card with coins, currency, a credit card, a debit card, and/or bank account funds. After confirming payment, the value exchange machine dispenses the card to the user.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for dispensing cards and other items. In one embodiment, a card dispensing apparatus includes at least first and second card hoppers and a movable card carriage. The card carriage is movable between a first position proximate to the first card hopper and a second position proximate to the second card hopper. The card carriage is configured to receive a first card from the first card hopper when in the first position and a second card from the second card hopper when in the second position. In one aspect of this embodiment, the card carriage can dispense at least the first card into a card outlet chute when the first card has been sufficiently read by a card reader. Alternatively, the card carriage can dispense the first card into a card escrow chute when the first card has not been sufficiently read by the card reader.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for dispensing cards and other items. In one embodiment, a card dispensing apparatus includes at least first and second card hoppers and a movable card carriage. The card carriage is movable between a first position proximate to the first card hopper and a second position proximate to the second card hopper. The card carriage is configured to receive a first card from the first card hopper when in the first position and a second card from the second card hopper when in the second position. In one aspect of this embodiment, the card carriage can dispense at least the first card into a card outlet chute when the first card has been sufficiently read by a card reader. Alternatively, the card carriage can dispense the first card into a card escrow chute when the first card has not been sufficiently read by the card reader.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for dispensing cards and other items. In one embodiment, a card dispensing apparatus includes at least first and second card hoppers and a movable card carriage. The card carriage is movable between a first position proximate to the first card hopper and a second position proximate to the second card hopper. The card carriage is configured to receive a first card from the first card hopper when in the first position and a second card from the second card hopper when in the second position. In one aspect of this embodiment, the card carriage can dispense at least the first card into a card outlet chute when the first card has been sufficiently read by a card reader. Alternatively, the card carriage can dispense the first card into a card escrow chute when the first card has not been sufficiently read by the card reader.

Abstract: A modem is implemented as a virtual device driver with all processing handled by the host computer thus obviating the need for a stand alone processor for the modem. The modem virtual device driver ensures that the modem obtains adequate processing time regardless of other processes running on the host. By combining a port driver directly into the modem contact code, the need for a hardware UART with its attendant limitations is eliminated.

Abstract: A pre-processor is utilized to create multi-instantiated code from single instance code so that multiple copies of the single instance code can be run without changing the source code of the single instance code. Exemplary implementations include modems running multi-instantiated code, for example in a protocol stack or in a data link control element. Multiple instances of entire modem code set(s) or of portions of a modem code set can be run on the processor of a modem or on a host processor of a software modem. Another application permits a processor having no memory management unit to operate as if it had one. Another implementation enables a single task operating system, such as DOS, to run as a multi-task system. This document describes a simple method of converting ordinary single-instance software into software that supports multiple instances, each with its own data, running simultaneously on a system.

Abstract: A modem is implemented as a virtual device driver with all processing handled by the host computer thus obviating the need for a stand alone processor for the modem. The modem virtual device driver ensures that the modem obtains adequate processing time regardless of other processes running on the host. By combining a port driver directly into the modem contact code, the need for a hardware UART with its attendant limitations is eliminated.

Abstract: DOS application programs are accommodated when using a controllerless modem by providing a virtual device driver. The virtual device driver emulates UART to UART communications and handles interrupts by the DOS applications and by a hardware port managed by the controllerless modem. In one implementation, the virtual device driver shares a communications interface in common with 32-bit applications. In a communication system environment, DOS applications can participate in modem to modem communications with remote DTEs and with other devices using the services of the virtual device driver.