Abstract: Processes for forming a vulcanizable elastomeric formulation are disclosed. The processes include the steps of mixing an elastomer with a vulcanizing agent to form a vulcanizable elastomeric formulation that includes the vulcanizing agent dispersed in the elastomeric compound, wherein the vulcanizing agent includes a cyclododecasulfur compound. A process for forming a vulcanized elastomeric article is also described.

Abstract: An access control application for mobile devices is provided. The access control application may be configured to generate a set of security tasks based at least in part on information corresponding to a user's interactions with the mobile device. An unlock screen of the mobile device may be triggered and a security tasks from the generated set of security tasks may be displayed through a user interface of the mobile device. The user's response to the security tasks may be obtained and a confidence score may be calculated, based at least in part on the response. The access control application may then determine, based at least in part on the score and one or more attributes of the environment, whether to unlock the mobile device or prompt the user to provide an additional response to another security task.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of polymeric sulfur. The method includes reacting a metallasulfur derivative with an oxidizing agent to form polymeric sulfur.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of cyclododecasulfur, a cyclic sulfur allotrope wherein the number of sulfur (S) atoms in the allotrope's homocyclic ring is 12. The method includes reacting a metallasulfur derivative with an oxidizing agent in a reaction zone to form a cyclododecasulfur-containing reaction mixture.

Abstract: A vulcanizing composition useful for the vulcanization of vulcanizable formulations is disclosed. The vulcanizing composition includes a vulcanizing agent which in turn includes a cyclododecasulfur compound. A cyclododecasulfur compound characterized by a DSC melt point onset of between 155° C. and 167° C. when measured at a DSC heat rate of 20° C./minute is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a phosphinate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more co-solvents as an enhancer. The co-solvents may be selected from higher carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and nitriles. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids and organofluorine carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A venting system for a filler pipe coupled to a diesel exhaust fluid tank in a vehicle is provided. In one example approach the venting system comprises a plurality of cut-outs in an interior surface of the filler pipe along the interior diameter of the filler pipe in a top surface of the filler pipe.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a phosphonium cation and an arylcarboxylate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more non-ionic liquid organic solvents as an enhancer. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids, alkoxycarboxylic acids, and halogen-containing carboxylic acids.

Abstract: An access control application for mobile devices is provided. The access control application may be configured to generate a set of security tasks based at least in part on information corresponding to a user's interactions with the mobile device. An unlock screen of the mobile device may be triggered and a security tasks from the generated set of security tasks may be displayed through a user interface of the mobile device. The user's response to the security tasks may be obtained and a confidence score may be calculated, based at least in part on the response. The access control application may then determine, based at least in part on the score and one or more attributes of the environment, whether to unlock the mobile device or prompt the user to provide an additional response to another security task.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a carboxylate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more non-ionic liquid organic solvents as an enhancer. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids, alkoxycarboxylic acids, and halogen-containing carboxylic acids.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the purification of a mixed diol stream. The mixed diol stream comprising two-, three-, and four-carbon diols is separated into component diols by extraction with a hydrophobic solvent mixture. The diols recovered in the extractant may be removed from the extractant stream by back extraction with water or by distillation with an azeotrope-forming agent present, preferably an azeotroping agent already present in the extractant mixture.

Abstract: An access control application for mobile devices is provided. The access control application may be configured to generate a set of security tasks based at least in part on information corresponding to a user's interactions with the mobile device. An unlock screen of the mobile device may be triggered and a security tasks from the generated set of security tasks may be displayed through a user interface of the mobile device. The user's response to the security tasks may be obtained and a confidence score may be calculated, based at least in part on the response. The access control application may then determine, based at least in part on the score and one or more attributes of the environment, whether to unlock the mobile device or prompt the user to provide an additional response to another security task.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrogenation processes for making cyclohexane compounds. More specifically, this invention relates to hydrogenation processes in the presence of tertiary amide solvent compounds, as well as compositions that can result from such processes. The invention thus provides processes for making cyclohexanecarboxylic acid compounds and processes for making hydroxymethylcyclohexane compounds.

Abstract: A method for purification of acetone including the steps of: a) feeding a crude product mixture comprising acetone, water, an impurity to a distillation column; b) withdrawing a liquid side draw stream from the distillation column; c) separating the side draw stream into a water layer and an organic layer, and returning the water layer to the distillation column; and d) recovering from the distillation column: (i) a lower boiling fraction comprising a purified acetone, relative to the crude product mixture and (ii) a higher boiling fraction comprising a major amount of the water.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrogenation processes for making cyclohexane compounds. More specifically, this invention relates to hydrogenation processes in the presence of tertiary amide solvent compounds, as well as compositions that can result from such processes. The invention thus provides processes for making cyclohexanecarboxylic acid compounds and processes for making hydroxymethylcyclohexane compounds.

Abstract: A process for purifying an acetyl stream containing an impurity that forms an azeotrope with the acetyl moiety includes the steps of a) contacting an acetyl feed stream comprising: i) acetic acid; and ii) an acetic acid azeotrope-forming compound, with a metal oxide catalyst in a ketonization reactor to produce a crude product mixture from a ketonization reaction comprising acetone, water, the acetic acid azeotrope-forming compound, and byproducts from the ketonization reaction; and b) distilling the crude product mixture to recover: i) a lower boiling fraction stream comprising acetone, and a minor amount of: water, said acetic acid azeotrope-forming compound, and ketonization byproducts, and ii) a higher boiling fraction stream comprising a major amount of: water, the acetic acid azeotrope forming compound, and the ketonization byproducts. Optionally, the process can include contacting the crude product mixture with water in a countercurrent absorber prior to the distilling step (b).

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a carboxylate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more non-ionic liquid organic solvents as an enhancer. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids, alkoxycarboxylic acids, and halogen-containing carboxylic acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to solvents for extracting C1 to C4 carboxylic acids from aqueous streams. More specifically, the extraction solvents include one or more salts composed of a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and a phosphinate anion. The extraction solvents may further include one or more co-solvents as an enhancer. The co-solvents may be selected from higher carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and nitriles. The extraction solvents are useful for extracting aqueous mixtures containing one or more lower carboxylic acids, such as monocarboxylic acids and organofluorine carboxylic acids.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a MEMS mirrors based optical circuit switch. The optical circuit switch includes digital to analog converter (DAC) for converting digital position codes into analog mirror position signals. A mapper transforms the analog mirror position signal into a mapped mirror position signal. The mapped mirror position signal is provided to a MEMS actuator that positions the MEMS mirror based on the mapped mirror position signal. The mapper transforms the analog mirror position signal into the mapped mirror position signal such that the MEMS mirror position has a substantially linear relationship with the analog mirror position signal provided by the DAC.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrogenation processes for making cyclohexane compounds. More specifically, this invention relates to hydrogenation processes in the presence of tertiary amide solvent compounds, as well as compositions that can result from such processes. The invention thus provides processes for making cyclohexanecarboxylic acid compounds and processes for making hydroxymethylcyclohexane compounds.