Abstract: The present disclosure relates to sensor systems for electronic ophthalmic devices. In certain embodiments, the sensor systems may comprise a sensor such as an adjustable resistor configured in series with an eye of a user of the electronic ophthalmic device. The sensor systems may comprise a gain stage configured to amplify a signal indicative of a difference between a voltage drop across the eye and the adjustable resistor. The sensor systems may comprise an integrator configured to integrate the amplified signal. A resistance value of the adjustable resistor is configured to cancel a DC component of a resistance of the eye when an electrical current is caused to flow through the eye and the adjustable resistor. As such, the configured resistance value of the adjustable resistor is indicative of an impedance of the eye.

Abstract: A system controller for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The system controller is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The controller including multiple state machines configured as digital logic gates.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to sensor systems for electronic ophthalmic devices. In certain embodiments, the sensor systems may comprise a sensor such as an adjustable resistor configured in series with an eye of a user of the electronic ophthalmic device. The sensor systems may comprise a gain stage configured to amplify a signal indicative of a difference between a voltage drop across the eye and the adjustable resistor. The sensor systems may comprise an integrator configured to integrate the amplified signal. A resistance value of the adjustable resistor is configured to cancel a DC component of a resistance of the eye when an electrical current is caused to flow through the eye and the adjustable resistor. As such, the configured resistance value of the adjustable resistor is indicative of an impedance of the eye.

Abstract: A system controller for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The system controller is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The controller including multiple state machines configured as digital logic gates.

Abstract: An anti-aliasing photodetector system for a powered ophthalmic device, such as a contact lens, may be utilized for any number of functions. The anti-aliasing photodetector system converts current from an array of photodetectors into a voltage for use in other aspects of the powered ophthalmic device. The anti-aliasing photodetector system comprises a photodiode array including a plurality of individual photodiodes, an integrate-and-hold circuit, including a capacitor and switch to convert current to voltage, and an analog-to-digital converter. The anti-aliasing photodetector system provides for low power consumption, a wide dynamic range, noise rejection, and is capable of detecting incident ambient visible light as well as incident infrared light.

Abstract: An anti-aliasing photodetector system for a powered ophthalmic device, such as a contact lens, may be utilized for any number of functions. The anti-aliasing photodetector system converts current from an array of photodetectors into a voltage for use in other aspects of the powered ophthalmic device. The anti-aliasing photodetector system comprises a photodiode array including a plurality of individual photodiodes, an integrate-and-hold circuit, including a capacitor and switch to convert current to voltage, and an analog-to-digital converter. The anti-aliasing photodetector system provides for low power consumption, a wide dynamic range, noise rejection, and is capable of detecting incident ambient visible light as well as incident infrared light.

Abstract: A wake circuit is designed to minimize leakage current from a battery or other suitable energy source connected to various electronic components. The wake circuit essentially connects/disconnects or couples/decouples the battery or other power source from the other components when the device is in a storage state or otherwise idle.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens assembly comprising an electronic system with a controller configured to implement a blink detection algorithm is described herein. The electronic system can also include one or more power sources, circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms, and lens driver circuitry. The algorithm can be used to sample, at a predetermined rate, light incident on an eye of an individual and at least temporarily save collected samples, determine when an eyelid is open or closed, determine a time period and pulse width of the blinks from the collected samples, calculate a number of blinks and the duration of the blinks in a given time period, and compare the number of blinks, the durations of the blinks in the given time period, and the time between blinks in the given time period to a stored set of samples to determine blinking patterns.

Abstract: A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits.

Abstract: A wake circuit is designed to minimize leakage current from a battery or other suitable energy source connected to various electronic components. The wake circuit essentially connects/disconnects or couples/decouples the battery or other power source from the other components when the device is in a storage state or otherwise idle.

Abstract: A blink detection algorithm and associated circuitry for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system is described herein. The blink detection algorithm is implemented in the system controller which is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens assembly comprising an electronic system with a controller configured to implement a blink detection algorithm is described herein. The electronic system can also include one or more power sources, circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms, and lens driver circuitry. The algorithm can be used to sample, at a predetermined rate, light incident on an eye of an individual and at least temporarily save collected samples, determine when an eyelid is open or closed, determine a time period and pulse width of the blinks from the collected samples, calculate a number of blinks and the duration of the blinks in a given time period, and compare the number of blinks, the durations of the blinks in the given time period, and the time between blinks in the given time period to a stored set of samples to determine blinking patterns.

Abstract: Antennas and antenna systems may be designed and configured for incorporation into mechanical devices, including medical devices, such as ophthalmic devices, including contact lenses. These antennas and antenna systems may be utilized to transmit data from the mechanical device to a receiver, to receive data from a transmitter, and/or to inductively charge an electromechanical cell or the like incorporated into the mechanical device.

Abstract: A wireless protocol for a communication system is set forth herein which may be utilized for communication between a transmitter and a receiver over any type of communication channel. The wireless communication protocol provides for the reduction of receiver active or on time which in turn lowers power consumption. The wireless communication protocol enables the complexity and receiver size to be reduced. The methodology employed in the protocol utilizes a unique message frame in conjunction with repeated transmission and periodic receiver searching.

Abstract: A wireless protocol for a communication system is set forth herein which may be utilized for communication between a transmitter and a receiver over any type of communication channel. The wireless communication protocol provides for the reduction of receiver active or on time which in turn lowers power consumption. The wireless communication protocol enables the complexity and receiver size to be reduced. The methodology employed in the protocol utilizes a unique message frame in conjunction with repeated transmission and periodic receiver searching.

Abstract: A system controller for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The system controller is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The controller including multiple state machines configured as digital logic gates.

Abstract: A blink detection algorithm and associated circuitry for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system is described herein. The blink detection algorithm is implemented in the system controller which is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry.

Abstract: A lens driver or lens driver circuitry for an ophthalmic apparatus comprising an electronic system which actuates a variable-focus optic is disclosed herein. The lens driver is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic apparatus. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry. The lens driver circuitry includes one or more power sources, one or more high voltage generators and one or more switching circuits.

Abstract: Antennas and antenna systems may be designed and configured for incorporation into mechanical devices, including medical devices, such as ophthalmic devices, including contact lenses. These antennas and antenna systems may be utilized to transmit data from the mechanical device to a receiver, to receive data from a transmitter, and/or to inductively charge an electromechanical cell or the like incorporated into the mechanical device.

Abstract: The present invention is a phase dithered digital communications system that includes a digital receiver, and uses phase dithering to spread the energy of one or more system clocks to minimize receiver de-sensitization. Phase dithering uses a single frequency for each system clock; however, the energy of each system clock is spread over a range of frequencies by changing the duty-cycle of each clock half-cycle. A non-phase dithered clock drives the sampling clock of a receiver analog-to-digital converter to provide accurate correlation with received information, which may allow use of a higher frequency sampling clock than in frequency dithered designs. Phase dithered clocks and non-phase dithered clocks may have constant frequencies that are related to each other by a ratio of two integers; therefore, the time base used for extracting received data is always correlated and accurate.