Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a network switching service to a user equipment.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for a user equipment, a core network, and a second device to enable bidirectional communication for second devices. The method of the second device may include receiving internet protocol (IP) configuration information for automatically configuring an IP version 6 (IPv6) address of the second device from a core network through a user equipment; generating the IPv6 address using information in the IP configuration information; and transmitting the generated IPv6 address to the core network through the UE.

Abstract: A method for coding image information includes generating prediction information by predicting information on a current coding unit, and determining whether the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information. When the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information, a flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information is coded and transmitted. When the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information, a flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information and the information on the current coding unit are coded and transmitted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a multi virtual local area network service to user equipments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conjugate comprising oxyntomodulin, an immunoglobulin Fc region, and non-peptidyl polymer wherein the conjugate being obtainable by covalently linking oxyntomodulin to immunoglobulin Fc region via non-peptidyl polymer, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of obesity comprising the conjugates. The conjugate comprising oxyntomodulin and the immunoglobulin Fc of the present invention reduces food intake, suppresses gastric emptying, and facilitates lipolysis without side-effects, unlike native oxyntomodulin, and also shows excellent receptor-activating effects and long-term sustainability, compared to native oxyntomodulin. Thus, it can be widely used in the treatment of obesity with safety and efficacy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an insulin analog conjugate and use thereof.

Abstract: A method for improving the solubility of a physiologically active protein or peptide compared to that of a physiologically active protein or peptide which is not conjugated to an immunoglobulin Fc fragment is disclosed. The method includes steps of conjugating the physiologically active protein or peptide to an immunoglobulin Fc fragment. Also disclosed is a composition for improving the solubility of a physiologically active protein or peptide, which contains an immunoglobulin Fc fragment. The composition improves the solubility compared to a composition without an immunoglobulin Fc fragment.

Abstract: Polyethylene glycol derivatives of the following formula I and uses thereof are disclosed. A method for manufacturing the polyethylene glycol derivatives is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyethylene glycol derivatives and use thereof.

Abstract: A physiologically active polypeptide-immunoglobulin Fc fragment conjugate and a method for making the conjugate are disclosed. The conjugate contains a physiologically active polypeptide linked via a non-peptidyl linker to an immunoglobulin Fc fragment having an FcRn-binding region and maintains the intrinsic binding affinity of the immunoglobulin Fc fragment. A method of maintaining the intrinsic binding affinity of the conjugate for FcRn, and a composition containing the conjugate, which maintains the intrinsic binding affinity of the immunoglobulin Fc fragment for FcRn are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are provided a memory controller and a memory system having the same. The memory controller includes: a central processing unit configured to output a read command for checking an erase state of a selected storage region in response to a program request from a host, determine the number of dummy pages according to the erase state, and output a program command according to the number of dummy pages; and a memory interface configured to, when user data corresponding to the program request is output to the selected storage region, selectively generate dummy data corresponding to the number of dummy pages, and output the dummy data with the user data.

Abstract: A method for preparing a conjugate of a physiologically active polypeptide and a non-peptide polymer by linking physiologically active polypeptide with non-peptide polymer through a covalent bond using an organic solvent is provided. A method for preparing a physiologically active polypeptide complex by linking the conjugate with a carrier is provided. The complex shows improved in vivo duration and stability of the physiologically active polypeptide. The method can prepare the conjugate at a lower production cost, and the resulting conjugate shows an extension of in vivo activity at a relatively high level and significantly increase in the blood half-life.

Abstract: Provided is a complex composition, of which positional isomers are minimized by using a N-terminus of an immunoglobulin Fc region as a binding site when the immunoglobulin Fc region is used as a carrier. Also provided are a protein complex which is prepared by N-terminal-specific binding of immunoglobulin Fc region, thereby prolonging blood half-life of the physiologically active polypeptide, maintaining in vivo potency at a high level, and having no risk of immune responses, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition including the same for improving in vivo duration and stability of the physiologically active polypeptide. The protein complex may be usefully applied to the development of long-acting formulations of various physiologically active polypeptide drugs.

Abstract: Provided is a complex composition, of which positional isomers are minimized by using a N-terminus of an immunoglobulin Fc region as a binding site when the immunoglobulin Fc region is used as a carrier. Also provided are a protein complex which is prepared by N-terminal-specific binding of immunoglobulin Fc region, thereby prolonging blood half-life of the physiologically active polypeptide, maintaining in vivo potency at a high level, and having no risk of immune responses, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition including the same for improving in vivo duration and stability of the physiologically active polypeptide. The protein complex prepared by the present invention may be usefully applied to the development of long-acting formulations of various physiologically active polypeptide drugs.

Abstract: A triple agonist having activities to all of glucagon, GLP-1, and GIP receptors is disclosed. Uses of the triple agonist are disclosed.

Abstract: A a triple agonist having activities to all of glucagon, GLP-1, and GIP receptors is disclosed. Uses of the triple agonist are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for increasing serum half-life of a protein or peptide and decreasing immunogenicity thereof is disclosed. The method includes site-specifically binding a carrier to a protein or peptide. A protein or peptide produced by the method and the uses thereof are disclosed. The conjugate of the physiologically active protein or peptide can significantly decrease immunogenicity in the human body and thus reduce antibody production rate against the protein or peptide. Therefore, the present conjugate has advantages in that a phenomenon of reduced clinical effects of the physiologically active protein or peptide is low, and it can be effectively used in the development of long-acting formulations having a high safety against the immune response.

Abstract: The technology disclosed in this patent document can be implemented in embodiments to provide a memory controller configured to control a memory device and a method of operating the memory controller and the memory device. The memory controller may control a memory device including a plurality of pages, and may include a command analysis unit configured to generate command information indicating a type of read command for a page selected from among the plurality of pages, and an initialization time decision unit configured to decide on a channel initialization time for initializing channels of a plurality of memory cells included in the selected page based on the command information.