Abstract: A method of manufacturing an object via three-dimensional printing is disclosed. Data regarding the object is received. The object is three-dimensionally printed from the data. A wrapper is also three-dimensionally printed from the data. The wrapper encloses the object and includes information regarding the object.

Abstract: A controller may be to receive temperature data representing a temperature distribution of at least part of a current layer of build material that is measured by a temperature sensor. The controller may be to determine one or more weighting factors representing a degree of influence of each of one or more previous layers of the build material beneath the current layer on a property of the current layer. The controller may be to identify one or more regions in the current layer based on the one or more weighting factors and based on how the property is exhibited by each of the one or more regions. The controller may be to cause the current layer to achieve a target temperature if the temperature data in a selected region of the identified one or more regions does not match the target temperature.

Abstract: In an example, a method includes receiving a first data model of an object to be generated in additive manufacturing, at a processor. Using the processor, a second data model may be determined. Determining the second data model may include generating for each of plurality of contiguous, non-overlapping sub-volumes of a volume containing the object, a sub-volume octree characterising the sub-volume and having a root node. Determining the second data model may further include generating a volume octree characterising the volume containing the object, the volume octree characterising in its lowest nodes the root nodes of the sub-volume octrees.

Abstract: According to an example, an arrangement of parts to be printed in a build envelope of a three dimensional (3D) printer may be determined through identification of a plurality of parts to be printed and generation of a respective virtual bounding box for each of the plurality of parts. In one example, a determination may be made that a total volume occupied by the generated virtual bounding boxes falls below a predetermined threshold of the build envelope volume and an arrangement of the virtual bounding boxes inside the build envelope that results in a total height of the virtual bounding boxes being minimized may be determined, to enhance efficiency in printing of the plurality of parts by the 3D printer.

Abstract: According to an example, a printer may include a warming device to apply energy onto a region of a plurality of regions of a layer of build materials. The printer may also include a controller that may calculate, based upon the region upon which the warming device is to apply energy, an energy curve to be applied to the warming device between occurrences of a plurality of events, in which the energy curve defines timings and levels at which the warming device is to be operated between occurrences of the plurality of events. The controller may also control the warming device to be operated to apply energy onto the region according to the calculated energy curve.

Abstract: According to one example, there is provided a system for managing the generation of three-dimension objects by an additive manufacturing system. The system comprises a processor to receive one or multiple virtual objects, to generate a spatial arrangement of those objects within a virtual build volume, to control an additive manufacturing system to process the virtual build volume, to modify the virtual build volume in response to a request, and to control the additive manufacturing system to process the modified virtual build volume.

Abstract: One example includes a non-transitory machine readable storage medium including voxels organized by an octree and at least one quad-tree index. The octree defines an object to be three-dimensionally printed and includes a list of nodes for each depth of the octree where each node includes nodal content representing at least one voxel. The at least one quad-tree index is to index at least one node of the octree and has a depth less than or equal to a maximum resolved depth. The at least one quad-tree index is to be accessed by computer executable instructions to retrieve nodal content from the octree to control a processor to process the object to be three-dimensionally printed.

Abstract: According to one example, there is provided a system for managing the generation of three-dimension objects by an additive manufacturing system. The system comprises a processor to receive one or multiple virtual objects, to generate a spatial arrangement of those objects within a virtual build volume, to control an additive manufacturing system to process the virtual build volume, to modify the virtual build volume in response to a request, and to control the additive manufacturing system to process the modified virtual build volume.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to selecting a 3D printing parameter based on voxel property association and conflict resolution. In one implementation, a processor assigns properties to a voxel of a 3D print object based on a first and second zone including the voxel and a condition of a first property associated with the first zone and a condition of a second property associated with the second zone. The processor may update the assigned properties to resolve conflicts between the properties and select a 3D printing parameter based on the assigned properties.

Abstract: Examples include apparatuses, processes, and methods for generating three-dimensional objects. An example apparatus comprises build material distributor and a controller. Examples distribute a particular build layer in a build area of the apparatus over a previous build layer. Examples determine a build layer temperature corresponding to the particular build layer. Examples analyze build layer coverage for the particular build layer based at least in part on a build layer temperature of the previous build layer and the build layer temperature of the particular build layer. Examples selectively recoat the particular build layer with additional build material based at least in part on the build layer coverage for the particular build layer.

Abstract: According to an example, a processing device may slice a 3D model along a first direction to generate a plurality of layers in parallel planes defined across a second direction and a third direction, in which each of the plurality of layers is composed of respective polygons representing portions of the 3D model. The plurality of layers may be partitioned into a plurality of stacked boxes containing the respective polygons and for each stacked box of the plurality of stacked boxes, the polygons in the stacked box may be assembled into a superset polygon and the superset polygon may be partitioned into bounding shapes. A shape profile of the 3D object may be generated using the bounding shapes.

Abstract: In an example, three-dimensional (3D) models of objects are combined for additive manufacturing. Two-dimensional (2D) slices are determined for each 3D model. If the 2D slices are determined to be complete, the 2D slices are combined according to a Boolean operation to generate combined 2D slices printable by an additive manufacturing system.

Abstract: According to an example, an arrangement of parts to be printed in a build envelope of a three dimensional (3D) printer may be determined through identification of a plurality of parts to be printed and generation of a respective virtual bounding box for each of the plurality of parts. In one example, a determination may be made that a total volume occupied by the generated virtual bounding boxes falls below a predetermined threshold of the build envelope volume and an arrangement of the virtual bounding boxes inside the build envelope that results in a total height of the virtual bounding boxes being minimized may be determined, to enhance efficiency in printing of the plurality of parts by the 3D printer.

Abstract: In an example, three-dimensional (3D) models of objects are combined for additive manufacturing. Two-dimensional (2D) slices are determined for each 3D model. If the 2D slices are determined to be complete, the 2D slices are combined according to a Boolean operation to generate combined 2D slices printable by an additive manufacturing system.

Abstract: A method of heating a surface while fabricating a 3-D object is disclosed wherein a first temperature feedback signal from a first location on the surface is used to control the energy radiated by an energy source during a first stage of the fabrication process. A second temperature feedback signal from a second location on the surface is used to control the energy radiated by an energy source during a second stage of the fabrication process.

Abstract: In one example, a method of controlling generation apparatus for generating a three-dimensional object is described. For example, data indicative of at least one physical property affecting heat transfer from an object may be determined and used to determine a cooling time, and a component of the generation apparatus may be controlled in response to the determined cooling time.

Abstract: The heating of a surface is controlled by: monitoring the temperature of a plurality of zones of the surface to output at least one temperature reading of each of the plurality of zones. The temperature readings are modulated in response to a pattern arranged across a portion of the plurality of zones. The energy delivered to each of the plurality of zones is controlled based on the modulated temperature readings to maintain a substantially homogeneous temperature distribution across the surface.

Abstract: According to one example, there is provided a system for managing the generation of three-dimension objects by an additive manufacturing system. The system comprises a processor to receive one or multiple virtual objects, to generate a spatial arrangement of those objects within a virtual build volume, to control an additive manufacturing system to process the virtual build volume, to modify the virtual build volume in response to a request, and to control the additive manufacturing system to process the modified virtual build volume.

Abstract: A controller may be to receive temperature data representing a temperature distribution of at least part of a current layer of build material that is measured by a temperature sensor. The controller may be to determine one or more weighting factors representing a degree of influence of each of one or more previous layers of the build material beneath the current layer on a property of the current layer. The controller may be to identify one or more regions in the current layer based on the one or more weighting factors and based on how the property is exhibited by each of the one or more regions. The controller may be to cause the current layer to achieve a target temperature if the temperature data in a selected region of the identified one or more regions does not match the target temperature.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an option to restrict printing to a first print media source is presented to a user of a printer that is configured to access a plurality of print media sources. An instruction to restrict printing to the first print media source is received from the user. The printer is restricted from printing to the first print media source.