Abstract: For a system such as a combinational weighing system that requires a large number of parameters to be set for its operation, groups of parameters which frequently assume the same sets of values are identified and each of such sets is assigned a reservation number. Memory space for storing values assumed by the parameters can be reduced if these values are grouped by such frequently occurring combinations and the user specifies a single reservation number instead of specifying values of the individual parameters. Selection of operating condition is effected by an input device with a touch screen. For some parameters, currently set values are displayed as a bar graph and a user can set or reset a value directly on the screen by moving a cursor on the bar graph.

Abstract: A combinatorial weighing system includes a combinatorial weighing apparatus, a packing machine and master/slave changeover switch. The combinatorial weighing apparatus has a plurality of weighing machines for sensing the weight of articles supplied thereto, and a calculation control unit for performing a combinatorial calculation, based on weight data from the weighing machines, to obtain an optimum combination, and for causing weighing machines corresponding to the optimum combination to discharge their articles. The articles are then packed by the packing machine. The master/slave changeover switch switches between a mode in which the packing machine is the master of the weighing and packing operation and a mode in which the weighing apparatus is the master of the weighing and packing operation. The arrangement results in a combinatorial weighing apparatus which has greatly simplified hardware and which can operate in association with either a master- or slave-type packing machine.

Abstract: For a system such as a combinational weighing system that requires a large number of parameters to be set for its operation, groups of parameters which frequently assume same sets of values are identified and each of such sets is assigned a reservation number. Memory space for storing values assumed by the parameters can be reduced if these values are grouped by such frequently occurring combinations and the user specifies a single reservation number instead of specifying values of the individual parameters. Selection of operating condition is effected by an input device with a touch screen. For some parameters, currently set values are displayed as a bar graph and a user can set or reset a value directly on the screen by moving a cursor on the bar graph. Operating conditions can be changed in each cycle of the combinational calculation without stopping the overall operation of the system.

Abstract: Data from weighing devices of a combinational weighing system are transmitted through a multiplexer and sample-and-hold circuits and are converted into digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter. Values of these digital signals are constantly monitored and a specified number of these values are used to determine stability conditions of the weighing devices. Only the weight data from stabilized weighing devices are used for combinational calculation.

Abstract: A control system for a combinatorial weighing or counting apparatus includes a main central processing unit for effecting a combinatorial arithmetic operation, and a plurality of individual drive unit central processing units. The drive unit central processing units are associated respectively with driver units of the weighing machines and connected to the main central processing unit for controlling the drive units, respectively. Operation commands delivered from the main central processing unit to the individual drive unit central processing units, are set by interrupt processes of the individual drive unit central processing units at all times.The control system for the combinatorial weighing or counting apparatus includes a main computer for chiefly effecting a combinatorial arithmetic operation on weight data from a plurality of the weighing machines to select a combination of weighing machines including articles having an optimum added value with respect to a target value.

Abstract: A combinational weighing system with a plurality of article batch handling means has an article feeding means for feeding articles to be weighed into the individual article batch handling means, and after a desired combination or weights within a preselected range is determined by a computer, the article batches from the selected article batch handling means are discharged together to be made into a package. The system also includes a means for measuring the weight of the article accumulated on the article feeding means and the output signal from such a weight-measuring means is transmitted to control the operation of a conveyor for supplying the articles to the article feeding means.

Abstract: A combinational weighing system with a plurality of weighing devices employs at least three central processing units such as microprocessors. One keeps monitoring the weight information from the weighing devices and analyzes stability of weight data. Another one controls the charging and discharging of the weighing devices. The third performs combinational computation to select a combination. The system has increased flexibility regarding operation and adjustments, and allows efficient methods of zero-point and span adjustment of weighing devices. Its compact unitized input-output unit allows the user to operate the system interactively.

Abstract: A combinatorial weighing method for combinatorially weighing out articles supplied to a plurality of weighing machines includes the step of making a comparison between a predetermined percentage of a set target weight value and a sum total of weight values from weighing machines that have participated in a combinatorial weighing operation. This step is performed when an optimum combination is not obtained through a combinatorial calculation. Based on the results of the comparison, weighing machines indicating comparatively low weight values are supplied with additional articles.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method for discharging weighed articles in a combinatorial weighing system, weighed articles discharged from a plurality of weighing hoppers are selectively released into first and second collecting routes of a collecting chute. The outlet of each collecting route is provided with a timing hopper having a gate. The gates of the two timing hoppers are opened and closed by respective drive units. The arrangement is such that one of the gates can be opened while the other gate is in the closed state or by the time the other gate is completely closed. Control is effected in such a manner that when weighed articles are released into one of the collecting routes from the weighing hoppers, the timing hopper corresponding to this collecting route is opened to completely discharge weighed articles previously released into the timing hopper. The discharge of previously released weighed articles is accomplished during the time needed for the weighed articles just released to reach the timing hopper.

Abstract: The present invention provides a releasing lubricant for use in forging and extrusion processes.In one embodiment, the lubricant comprises a mixture of:(a) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and its salts,(b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of boric acid and its salts,(c) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonates, nitrates, sulfates and hydroxides, and(d) a phyllosilicate,wherein the amounts of the compounds (a) to (c) (as oxides) are: 14 to 55 molar % of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0 to 80 molar % of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 30 to 80 molar % of M.sub.2 O (M being an alkali metal) and the total amount of these compounds is 91 to 99.5 wt. % or 0.5 to 39 wt. % based on the solid.In another embodiment, the amounts of the compounds (a) to (c) (as oxides) are: 14 to 39.5 molar % of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0 to 80 molar % of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 30 to 80 molar % of M.sub.

Abstract: A process for forming a corrosion resistant coating, which comprises (i) a step of priming a solvent-type coating composition on a substrate and drying it to form a prime coat, and (ii) a step of coating a radical-polymerizable and oxidation-polymerizable, room temperature curing type solventless coating composition on the prime coat and polymerizing it to form a cured coating.

Abstract: A combinatorial weighing method which includes steps of dividing a target weight value, set for articles which are to be weighed out, into a plurality of target values, and executing combinatorial computations with respect to each of the target values on the basis of the weight values of the articles fed into a number of weighing machines, so that weighing hoppers selected with respect to each target value do not include weighing machines selected with respect to the other target values. An error between the total weight value of the combination of articles selected as a result of the previous combinatorial computations and the target value for that particular combinatorial computation is formed. The error is added to the target value for the next combinatorial computation and then the next combinatorial computation is executed. After completing the combinatorial computations with respect to all of the target values, the articles are discharged from the selected weighing machines.

Abstract: An exposure indicating device indicates at the same time a result of average light measurement which measures a light level of a substantial portion of a scene to be photographed, and a result of spot light measurement which measures a brightness at a small portion of the scene. One of the values of the average and spot light measurements is displayed numerically to indicate its absolute value, while the other is displayed as a deviation from the former value.

Abstract: A focus condition indicating system for use in a camera includes a control signal producer provided in association with an objective lens of the camera for producing a control signal when the objective lens moves past a proper focus position and a sound producer for producing a sound signal upon receipt of the control signal.

Abstract: In a multi-mode exposure control device for a photographic camera which automatically controls camera exposure in any desired one of diaphragm aperture priority mode, shutter speed priority mode and program mode, the selection of the exposure control mode as well as the setting of the exposure parameter to be manually determined are effected by manual operation of a single one of a plurality of manual members. A signal selector circuit receives three pairs of diaphragm control and shutter control signals for the three exposure control modes, and selects one of the pairs depending on the last operated one of diaphragm aperture setting, shutter speed setting and program mode selecting manual members. The selected pair of diaphragm control signal and shutter control signal are respectively supplied to diaphragm and shutter control circuits as well as to display devices.

Abstract: In an exposure control system for a camera having an interchangeable objective lens, a diaphragm mechanism defining the diaphragm aperture, a preset means for presetting the f-number of the diaphragm aperture and a shutter mechanism for effecting an exposure, a light measuring circuit generates an output signal having a level representative of the light from an object to be photographed and a reference signal circuit generates a reference signal having a predetermined level. A programmed signal circuit generates a programmed signal in accordance with the output signal and the reference signal, and an exposure control circuit controls both the diaphragm and the shutter mechanisms such that the diaphragm aperture and the shutter speed have a combination of values commensurate with the programmed signal. The programmed signal circuit includes a variable member having an electric parameter variable in accordance with the number of steps of the diaphragm aperture from the minimum f-number to a preset f-number.

Abstract: A through-the-lens type automatic exposure control system controls exposure time in accordance with an object light representative signal stored in a storage device prior to a shutter actuation, with respect to exposure time faster than a given value, and in accordance with the output of a light measuring circuit measuring the object light passing through the camera objective and reflected from a film surface, with respect to exposure time slower than the given value. In response to a manual operation, the light signal is stored in the storage device independently of camera release operation, with the exposure time being controlled in accordance with the stored signal regardless of the exposure time.

Abstract: An exposure indicating device indicates at the same time a result of average light measurement which measures a light level of a substantial portion of a scene to be photographed, and a result of spot light measurement which measures a brightness at a small portion of the scene. One of the values of the average and spot light measurements is displayed numerically to indicate its absolute value, while the other is displayed as a deviation from the former value.

Abstract: A through-the-lens type automatic exposure control system controls exposure time in accordance with an object light representative signal stored in a storage device prior to a shutter actuation, with respect to exposure time faster than a given value, and in accordance with the output of a light measuring circuit measuring the object light passing through the camera objective and reflected from a film surface, with respect to exposure time slower than the given value. In response to a manual operation, the light signal is stored in the storage device independently of camera release operation, with the exposure time being controlled in accordance with the stored signal regardless of the exposure time.

Abstract: A combinational weighing system with a plurality of weighing devices employs at least three central processing units such as microprocessors. One keeps monitoring the weight information from the weighing devices and analyzes stability of weight data. Another one controls the charging and discharging of the weighing devices. The third performs combinational computation to select a combination. The system has increased flexibility regarding operation and adjustments, and allows efficient methods of zero-point and span adjustment of weighing devices. Its compact unitized input-output unit allows the user to operate the system interactively.