Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate which can increase light trapping efficiency and light extraction efficiency, a method of fabricating the same and a photovoltaic cell and organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate includes a base substrate, and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate. The metal oxide thin film has voids which are formed inside the metal oxide thin film to scatter light.

Abstract: A transparent conductive oxide thin film substrate that has a high level of surface flatness, a method of fabricating the same, and an OLED and photovoltaic cell having the same. The transparent conductive oxide thin film substrate that includes a base substrate, a first transparent conductive oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the first transparent conductive oxide thin film being treated with a first dopant, and a second transparent conductive oxide thin film formed on the first transparent conductive oxide thin film. The second transparent conductive oxide thin film is treated with a second dopant at a higher concentration than the first dopant. The surface of the second transparent conductive oxide thin film is flatter than the surface of the first transparent conductive oxide thin film.

Abstract: A substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) and a method of manufacturing the same, in which the light extraction efficiency and process efficiency of the OLED can be improved. The substrate for an OLED that includes a base substrate, a first metal oxide thin film coating one surface of the base substrate, the first metal oxide thin film having a first texture on a surface thereof, a second metal oxide thin film coating the other surface of the base substrate, and a third metal oxide thin film coating a surface of the second metal oxide thin film.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the brightness of a display or an illumination system to which an OLED is applied by improving light extraction efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same. The light extraction substrate for an OLED includes an oxide or nitride thin film formed on a substrate body. The oxide or nitride thin film includes a base layer formed on the substrate body, a first texture formed on the base layer, the first texture having a plurality of first protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from the base layer, and a second texture having a plurality of second protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from each outer surface of the first protrusions.

Abstract: A zinc oxide (ZnO)-based transparent conductive thin film for a photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof, in which the transparent conductive thin film has an excellent textured surface and can be mass-produced. The ZnO-based transparent conductive film is formed on a substrate, is doped with a dopant, and has a textured surface. The textured surface has a plurality of protrusions. The manufacturing method forms the zinc oxide-based transparent conductive film on a substrate by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) involving organic precursor gas and oxidizer gas.

Abstract: In a method of drying an object, a first drying fluid and a second dry fluid may be first heated to form a gas mixture. The gas mixture may be second heated to prevent the mixed gas from condensing. The second heated gas mixture may be filtered to remove impurities from the second heated mixed gas. The filtered mixed gas may be then applied to the object so as to dry the object.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell substrate includes a transparent substrate and a zinc oxide thin film layer doped with a dopant. The zinc oxide thin film layer is formed over the transparent substrate. The zinc oxide thin film layer has a (0002) crystal plane and a (10 11) crystal plane which accounts for 3% or more of the (0002) crystal plane according to X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell substrate and a photovoltaic cell including the same. The photovoltaic cell substrate includes a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive film formed over the transparent substrate. The transparent conductive film includes a zinc oxide thin film layer doped with a dopant, and both a (0002) growth plane and a (10 11) growth plane are present in the zinc oxide thin film layer according to X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell substrate, a method of manufacturing the photovoltaic cell substrate, and a photovoltaic cell. The photovoltaic cell substrate includes a transparent substrate having a first surface-roughening film formed on one surface thereof and a transparent conductive film formed over the first surface-roughening film of the transparent substrate. The transparent conductive film is made of a metal oxide which is doped with a dopant.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell substrate includes a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive film formed over the transparent substrate, the transparent conductive film made of a doped zinc oxide, a protective film formed over the transparent conductive film, and an elution-preventive film formed between the transparent substrate and the transparent conductive film. The elution-preventive film prevents elution from inside the transparent substrate.

Abstract: In a method of drying an object, a first drying fluid and a second dry fluid may be first heated to form a gas mixture. The gas mixture may be second heated to prevent the mixed gas from condensing. The second heated gas mixture may be filtered to remove impurities from the second heated mixed gas. The filtered mixed gas may be then applied to the object so as to dry the object.