Abstract: Provided are a killing apparatus for use in a fish tank. The killing apparatus includes a first conductive mesh, a second conductive mesh, and a spacer which is disposed between the first conductive mesh and the second conductive mesh and insulates the first conductive mesh and the second conductive mesh. Accordingly, in the fish tank, algal blooms are prevented and reduced, fish disease is prevented, and the growth of water plants is expedited.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor (TFT) and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed herein. The TFT may include a gate electrode disposed on an insulating substrate, an insulating layer disposed on the insulating substrate and the gate electrode, an active layer pattern disposed on the insulating layer to overlap the gate electrode, a source electrode disposed on the insulating layer and at least part of which overlaps the active layer pattern, and a drain electrode which is separated from the source electrode and at least part of which overlaps the active layer pattern. A first ohmic contact layer pattern may be disposed between the active layer pattern and the source electrode and between the active layer pattern and the drain electrode. The first ohmic contact layer may have higher nitrogen content on its surface than in other portions of the first ohmic contact layer.

Abstract: A method for controlling a rate of a voice service in a mobile communication system supporting the voice service via a packet network. The method includes the steps of receiving a control message at a terminal from a radio network controller (RNC); if the control message indicates control of a downlink rate, determining a downlink rate according to the control message; setting a Change Mode Request (CMR) field of an uplink Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) packet according to the downlink rate, and transmitting the uplink VoIP packet from the terminal to the RNC; if the received control message indicates control of an uplink rate, determining an uplink rate according to the control message; and generating an uplink VoIP packet including uplink voice data generated according to the determined uplink rate and frame type (FT) information indicating the determined uplink rate, and transmitting the uplink VoIP packet from the terminal to the RNC.

Abstract: A method for reporting buffer status of a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system is provided. The method for reporting buffer status of the UE in the mobile communication system includes being allocated a transmission resource from a node B; determining information to add to a certain region of a first Medium Access Control (MAC) subheader through an N-th MAC subheader using the transmission resource; generating a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU) by concatenating the first MAC subheader through the N-th MAC subheader with corresponding payload elements; and transmitting the generated MAC PDU.

Abstract: Provided are a killing apparatus for use in a fish tank. The killing apparatus includes a first conductive mesh, a second conductive mesh, and a spacer which is disposed between the first conductive mesh and the second conductive mesh and insulates the first conductive mesh and the second conductive mesh. Accordingly, in the fish tank, algal blooms are prevented and reduced, fish disease is prevented, and the growth of water plants is expedited.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling an active time period during a Discontinuous Reception (DRX) operation in a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system. The method includes awaking, by the UE, at a start position of the active time period; receiving a control signal indicating that the active time period should be terminated; terminating the active time period in response to the control signal; and entering a sleep state.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling an active time period during a Discontinuous Reception (DRX) operation in a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system. The method includes starting, in the UE, a first timer to monitor control data via a shared control channel, the control data being associated with user data to be transmitted; and starting, in the UE, a second timer, when the control data indicating a new transmission of associated user data is received via the shared control channel while the first timer is running, or restarting, in the UE, the second timer, when the control data indicating a new transmission of associated user data is received via the shared control channel while the second timer is running.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling an active time period during a Discontinuous Reception (DRX) operation in a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system. The method includes starting, in the UE, a first timer to monitor control data via a shared control channel, the control data being associated with user data to be transmitted; and starting, in the UE, a second timer, when the control data indicating a new transmission of associated user data is received via the shared control channel while the first timer is running, or restarting, in the UE, the second timer, when the control data indicating a new transmission of associated user data is received via the shared control channel while the second timer is running.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a Discontinuous Reception (DRX) operation of a connected User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system are provided. For a packet service, adjusting an active period length according to the requirements of traffic at a reception time provides a DRX operation. Also, the UE enters into a sleep mode after confirming successful reception of packets including retransmission packets and sending an RLC ACK signal for the packets.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel includes: an substrate; a gate line positioned on the substrate; a data line intersecting the gate line; a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; a gate insulating layer between the gate electrode of the thin film transistor and the semiconductor of the thin film transistor; a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor; and a passivation layer positioned between the pixel electrode and the thin film transistor, wherein at least one of the gate insulating layer and the passivation layer includes a silicon nitride layer, and the silicon nitride layer includes hydrogen content at less than 2×1022 cm3 or 4 atomic %.

Abstract: A multiple antenna wireless communication system using a DPD power amplifier and a method for controlling an amplitude of an input signal for a plurality of transmission paths of the DPD power amplifier are provided. The system includes a plurality of amplifiers, a plurality of couplers, a switch, a shared feedback path and a plurality of processors. The plurality of amplifiers amplifies an input signal directed to each of the transmission paths. The plurality of couplers couple amplified signals on respective transmission paths. The switch outputs at least one of the amplified signals coupled on the respective transmission paths. The shared feedback path provides the amplified signal output from the switch to a plurality of processors. The plurality of processors compare a feedback signal provided through the shared feedback path with the input signal and pre-distort the input signal such that the input signal and the amplified signal have a linear relation with each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a packet in a mobile communication system. A transmitting side allocates a short sequence number for an initial transmission packet using some bits among bits of a predetermined length for expressing a sequence number of the packet, and sets a first flag indicating use of the short sequence number. The transmitting side inserts the short sequence number and the first flag into the packet, and transmits the packet to a receiving side.

Abstract: A method for reporting buffer status of a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system is provided. The method for reporting buffer status of the UE in the mobile communication system includes being allocated a transmission resource from a node B; determining information to add to a certain region of a first Medium Access Control (MAC) subheader through an N-th MAC subheader using the transmission resource; generating a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU) by concatenating the first MAC subheader through the N-th MAC subheader with corresponding payload elements; and transmitting the generated MAC PDU.

Abstract: Provided are a metal line, a method of forming the same, and a display using the same. To increase resistance of a metal line having a multilayered structure of CuO/Cu and prevent blister formation, a plasma treatment is performed using a nitrogen-containing gas and a silicon-containing gas or using a hydrogen or argon as and the silicon-containing gas. Accordingly, a plasma treatment layer such as a SiNx or Si layer is thinly formed on the copper layer, thereby preventing an increase in resistance of the copper layer and also preventing blister formation caused by the damage of a copper oxide layer. Consequently, it is possible to improve the reliability of a copper line and thus enhance the reliability of a device.

Abstract: A method for a base station to transmit multimedia broadcast data in a wireless communication system according to the present invention includes receiving Radio Link Control Service Data Units (RLC SDUs), receiving a control message including information on size of RLC SDU to be transmitted in a synchronization period for current transmission, and processing the RLC SDUs using the size information of RLC SDU. The method and apparatus for transmitting multimedia broadcast data of the present invention is capable of transmitting data stably while maintaining integrity of the multimedia broadcast data on radio channels in a wireless communication system.

Abstract: Disclosed are shutter glasses capable of automatically changing brightness according to image characteristics and allowing a viewer to adjust brightness and a color temperature according to his preference, a method for adjusting light characteristics of the shutter glasses, and a display system employing the same. The shutter glasses adaptive to be used for a three-dimensional (3D) display device. The shutter glasses include: a pair of shutter liquid crystal panels prepared to correspond to user's left and right eyes; and a controller configured to turn on and off the shutter liquid crystal panels at a certain frequency and control light transmittance of the shutter liquid crystal panels by a gamma voltage corresponding to a certain level control signal.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor (TFT) and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed herein. The TFT may include a gate electrode disposed on an insulating substrate, an insulating layer disposed on the insulating substrate and the gate electrode, an active layer pattern disposed on the insulating layer to overlap the gate electrode, a source electrode disposed on the insulating layer and at least part of which overlaps the active layer pattern, and a drain electrode which is separated from the source electrode and at least part of which overlaps the active layer pattern. A first ohmic contact layer pattern may be disposed between the active layer pattern and the source electrode and between the active layer pattern and the drain electrode. The first ohmic contact layer may have higher nitrogen content on its surface than in other portions of the first ohmic contact layer.

Abstract: A Time Division Duplex (TDD) switch of a TDD wireless communication system is provided. By its unique arrangement, the TDD switch protects a receiver of the wireless system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving scheduling channels in a wireless communication system supporting spectrum scalability are provided, in which scheduling bandwidth of a User Element (UE) is determined, scheduling information including index information indicating resources allocated to the UE, transport format information about data to be transmitted to the UE, and Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) information is configured if a scheduling bandwidth of the UE is equal to a system bandwidth, the scheduling information is divided into first scheduling information and second scheduling information, and each of the first scheduling information and the second scheduling information is mapped to scheduling resources corresponding to a frequency band adjacent to a center frequency of the system bandwidth and having a bandwidth equal to a minimum bandwidth of the UE, and transmitted to the UE.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for transmitting data of a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer in a mobile communication system. Before an RLC SDU stored in a transmission buffer is discarded, a status report for checking a reception status of a receiving side is requested by a polling trigger either when transmission of the RLC SDU has not been completed, or when an RLC SDU discard timer for the RLC SDU approaches the expiration time, thereby enhancing the data transmission performance of the RLC layer.