Abstract: Disclosed is a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for sewage treatment. The SBR is applicable to an energy-producing sewage treatment system. The SBR includes a treatment tank and a hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The treatment tank removes ammonium contained in supernatant liquid using anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. The hybrid bacterial strain screening tank screen anammox bacteria granules out by passing the supernatant liquid discharged from the treatment tank through the hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The SBR generates biogas using the anammox bacteria and reduces the nitrogen content in the supernatant liquid. The SBR can separate the anammox bacteria granules with high separation efficiency, thereby shortening sewage treatment time and recycling activated sludge, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the amount of waste sludge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bioreactor for treating sewage comprising an aerobic tank including a mixing cell for receiving sewage to be supplied from an inlet and mixing the sewage with activated sludge and an aerobic reactor tank in which the activated sludge adsorbs organic substance existing in the sewage; a backwashing cartridge filter for removing floc resulting from growth of the activated sludge adsorbing the organic substance; and an anaerobic tank for carrying out a denitrification process for denitrifying treated water flowed through the backwashing cartridge filter using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria wherein the backwashing cartridge filter allows the sewage discharged from the aerobic tank to pass through the cartridge filter and separates the floc and the treated water using difference in size between the floc contained in the sewage and pores in the cartridge filter, and wherein foreign matter adsorbed on the cartridge filter is easily removed by means of washing water to be injected into

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus for removing nitrogen in raw water and a water treatment method using the same are provided. The water treatment apparatus includes a denitrification reactor configured to remove nitrogen contained in raw water supplied thereto, a phosphorus treatment tank configured to remove phosphorus (P) contained in the raw water supplied from the denitrification reactor, an anammox reactor configured to remove nitrogen contained in the raw water supplied from the phosphorus treatment tank through an anammox reaction, a partial nitritation tank configured to convert ammonium ions (NH4+) remaining untreated in the anammox reaction into nitrite ions (NO2?), and a sedimentation tank configured to cause settling of suspended matter contained in the raw water supplied from the partial nitritation tank so that sludge forms and discharge the raw water through a raw water discharge pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for sewage treatment. The SBR is applicable to an energy-producing sewage treatment system. The SBR includes a treatment tank and a hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The treatment tank removes ammonium contained in supernatant liquid using anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. The hybrid bacterial strain screening tank screen anammox bacteria granules out by passing the supernatant liquid discharged from the treatment tank through the hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The SBR generates biogas using the anammox bacteria and reduces the nitrogen content in the supernatant liquid. The SBR can separate the anammox bacteria granules with high separation efficiency, thereby shortening sewage treatment time and recycling activated sludge, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the amount of waste sludge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for sewage treatment. The SBR is applicable to an energy-producing sewage treatment system. The SBR includes a treatment tank and a hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The treatment tank removes ammonium contained in supernatant liquid using anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. The hybrid bacterial strain screening tank screen anammox bacteria granules out by passing the supernatant liquid discharged from the treatment tank through the hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The SBR generates biogas using the anammox bacteria and reduces the nitrogen content in the supernatant liquid. The SBR can separate the anammox bacteria granules with high separation efficiency, thereby shortening sewage treatment time and recycling activated sludge, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the amount of waste sludge.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus for removing nitrogen in raw water and a water treatment method using the same are provided. The water treatment apparatus includes a denitrification reactor configured to remove nitrogen contained in raw water supplied thereto, a phosphorus treatment tank configured to remove phosphorus (P) contained in the raw water supplied from the denitrification reactor, an anammox reactor configured to remove nitrogen contained in the raw water supplied from the phosphorus treatment tank through an anammox reaction, a partial nitritation tank configured to convert ammonium ions (NH4+) remaining untreated in the anammox reaction into nitrite ions (NO2?), and a sedimentation tank configured to cause settling of suspended matter contained in the raw water supplied from the partial nitritation tank so that sludge forms and discharge the raw water through a raw water discharge pipe.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first fin protruding on a substrate and extending in a first direction; a first gate electrode on the first fin, the first gate electrode intersecting the first fin; a first trench formed within the first fin at a side of the first gate electrode; a first epitaxial layer filling a portion of the first trench, wherein a thickness of the first epitaxial layer becomes thinner closer to a sidewall of the first trench; and a second epitaxial layer filling the first trench on the first epitaxial layer, wherein a boron concentration of the second epitaxial layer is greater than a boron concentration of the first epitaxial layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bioreactor for treating sewage comprising an aerobic tank including a mixing cell for receiving sewage to be supplied from an inlet and mixing the sewage with activated sludge and an aerobic reactor tank in which the activated sludge adsorbs organic substance existing in the sewage; a backwashing cartridge filter for removing floc resulting from growth of the activated sludge adsorbing the organic substance; and an anaerobic tank for carrying out a denitrification process for denitrifying treated water flowed through the backwashing cartridge filter using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria wherein the backwashing cartridge filter allows the sewage discharged from the aerobic tank to pass through the cartridge filter and separates the floc and the treated water using difference in size between the floc contained in the sewage and pores in the cartridge filter, and wherein foreign matter adsorbed on the cartridge filter is easily removed by means of washing water to be injected into

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a steel sheet having excellent aging resistance and low yield ratio properties, and a method for producing the same. The disclosed sheet comprises, by weight, 0.005-0.06% carbon (C), 0.2% or less silicon (Si), 1.0-2.0% manganese (Mn), 0.08% or less phosphorus (P), 0.01% or less sulfur (S), 0.2-2.0% aluminum (Al), one or more of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) in an amount satisfying 0.3?[Cr wt %]+0.3[Mo wt %]?2.0, and 0.008% or less nitrogen (N), with the remainder being iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities, and has a single-phase structure of ferrite in a hot-rolled state, and a two-phase structure of ferrite and martensite in a cold-rolled state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bioreactor for treating sewage comprising an aerobic tank including a mixing cell for receiving sewage to be supplied from an inlet and mixing the sewage with activated sludge and an aerobic reactor tank in which the activated sludge adsorbs organic substance existing in the sewage; a backwashing cartridge filter for removing floc resulting from growth of the activated sludge adsorbing the organic substance; and an anaerobic tank for carrying out a denitrification process for denitrifying treated water flowed through the backwashing cartridge filter using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria wherein the backwashing cartridge filter allows the sewage discharged from the aerobic tank to pass through the cartridge filter and separates the floc and the treated water using difference in size between the floc contained in the sewage and pores in the cartridge filter, and wherein foreign matter adsorbed on the cartridge filter is easily removed by means of washing water to be injected into

Abstract: A method for biologically treating nitrogen while minimizing energy and carbon source usage uses an aerobic tank, a first anoxic tank, and a second anoxic tank. The method includes introducing feed water by dividedly introducing the feed water to the aerobic tank and the first anoxic tank; converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen in the aerobic tank; converting the nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen through partial denitrification in the first anoxic tank using organic material contained in the feed water; and converting the nitrite nitrogen and ammonia into nitrogen gas in the second anoxic tank using an anammox microorganism. The ammonia nitrogen is converted by determining aeration intensity, aeration time, and/or aeration amount depending on an ammonia concentration in the aerobic tank. The nitrate nitrogen is converted by determining a reaction time of the first anoxic tank based on nitrate and nitrite concentrations in the first anoxic tank.

Abstract: The system relates to a disk filter for effectively preventing scale formation in a water treatment process, and to a water treatment apparatus and method using the same. The disk filter includes a housing having a cylindrical shape, a raw water inlet formed at a predetermined position on the side surface of the housing, a raw water outlet formed at a central region in the bottom of the housing, a backwash water outlet formed at a central region in the top of the housing, a ceramic filter provided in a circular disk shape inside the housing, and a scale formation inhibitor loaded in a flow channel formed inside the ceramic filter, wherein raw water introduced via the raw water inlet passes through the ceramic filter and then through the flow channel filled with the scale formation inhibitor, and is then discharged via the raw water outlet.

Abstract: A capacitive-deionization-type nutritive salt removal system and method uses capacitive deionization (CDI) to remove nutritive salts that cause eutrophication of water due to a water-bloom phenomenon in water held by a dam or a weir. The system includes an intake pump configured to take in the water; a first nutritive salt filtration unit configured to use capacitive deionization to primarily filter out nutritive salts from the taken-in water; a second nutritive salt filtration unit configured to use capacitive deionization to secondarily filter out nutritive salts from the primarily filtered water; and a nutritive salt storage tank configured to collect and store nutritive salts filtered through the second nutritive salt filtration unit. When one filter train is operating the first or second nutritive salt filtration unit, another filter train is subjected to automatic cleaning in a standby state.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first fin protruding on a substrate and extending in a first direction; a first gate electrode on the first fin, the first gate electrode intersecting the first fin; a first trench formed within the first fin at a side of the first gate electrode; a first epitaxial layer filling a portion of the first trench, wherein a thickness of the first epitaxial layer becomes thinner closer to a sidewall of the first trench; and a second epitaxial layer filling the first trench on the first epitaxial layer, wherein a boron concentration of the second epitaxial layer is greater than a boron concentration of the first epitaxial layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first fin protruding on a substrate and extending in a first direction; a first gate electrode on the first fin, the first gate electrode intersecting the first fin; a first trench formed within the first fin at a side of the first gate electrode; a first epitaxial layer filling a portion of the first trench, wherein a thickness of the first epitaxial layer becomes thinner closer to a sidewall of the first trench; and a second epitaxial layer filling the first trench on the first epitaxial layer, wherein a boron concentration of the second epitaxial layer is greater than a boron concentration of the first epitaxial layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a steel sheet having excellent and a method for producing the same. The disclosed steel sheet comprises, by weight, 0.005-0.06% carbon (C), 0.2% or less silicon (Si), 1.0-2.0% manganese (Mn), 0.01% or less sulfur (S), 0.2-2.0% aluminum (Al), one or more of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) in an amount satisfying 0.3?[Cr wt %]+0.3[Mo wt %]?2.0, and 0.008% or less nitrogen (N), with the remainder being iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities, wherein the density of dislocations in the ferrite matrix of the steel sheet is 1×1013/m2 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bioreactor for treating sewage comprising an aerobic tank including a mixing cell for receiving sewage to be supplied from an inlet and mixing the sewage with activated sludge and an aerobic reactor tank in which the activated sludge adsorbs organic substance existing in the sewage; a backwashing cartridge filter for removing floc resulting from growth of the activated sludge adsorbing the organic substance; and an anaerobic tank for carrying out a denitrification process for denitrifying treated water flowed through the backwashing cartridge filter using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria wherein the backwashing cartridge filter allows the sewage discharged from the aerobic tank to pass through the cartridge filter and separates the floc and the treated water using difference in size between the floc contained in the sewage and pores in the cartridge filter, and wherein foreign matter adsorbed on the cartridge filter is easily removed by means of washing water to be injected into

Abstract: Disclosed is a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for sewage treatment. The SBR is applicable to an energy-producing sewage treatment system. The SBR includes a treatment tank and a hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The treatment tank removes ammonium contained in supernatant liquid using anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. The hybrid bacterial strain screening tank screen anammox bacteria granules out by passing the supernatant liquid discharged from the treatment tank through the hybrid bacterial strain screening tank. The SBR generates biogas using the anammox bacteria and reduces the nitrogen content in the supernatant liquid. The SBR can separate the anammox bacteria granules with high separation efficiency, thereby shortening sewage treatment time and recycling activated sludge, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the amount of waste sludge.

Abstract: A high-strength steel sheet according to the present invention comprises, by weight, 10.0-15.0% Mn, 6.0-9.0% Al, 0.5-2.0% Cr, 0.8-1.6% C, and 0.001-0.01% N, and further comprises, by weight, 0.02-0.1% V, 0.005-0.015% Nb, and 0.005-0.02% Mo, or further comprises 0.1-0.5 wt % TiAl particles. The high-strength steel sheet has a mixed structure comprising austenite and a fine k-carbide having a mean particle diameter of 10-500 nm.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first fin protruding on a substrate and extending in a first direction; a first gate electrode on the first fin, the first gate electrode intersecting the first fin; a first trench formed within the first fin at a side of the first gate electrode; a first epitaxial layer filling a portion of the first trench, wherein a thickness of the first epitaxial layer becomes thinner closer to a sidewall of the first trench; and a second epitaxial layer filling the first trench on the first epitaxial layer, wherein a boron concentration of the second epitaxial layer is greater than a boron concentration of the first epitaxial layer.