Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating method. The substrate treating method includes supplying a liquid to a substrate; and heating the substrate after the supplying the liquid, and wherein the supplying the liquid includes: supplying a first liquid to the substrate; and supplying a second liquid which is different from the first liquid to a substrate to which the first liquid is supplied, and wherein the second liquid is supplied as a test to the substrate and a contact angle between the second liquid which is supplied and the substrate is measured to determine a degree of hydrophilization of the substrate, and a supply mechanism of the second liquid supplied to the substrate is determined based on the degree of hydrophilization of the substrate which is determined, before the supplying the second liquid is performed.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus of the present disclosure comprises: a chamber member having an accommodation space configured to accommodate a vessel part where a substrate treatment region constituting a supercritical treatment space are formed, and an opening configured to move the substrate inside or outside; a shutter configured to open or close the chamber member; and a first exhaust part configured to discharge an internal air from the accommodation space to the outside, wherein the temperature of the substrate treatment region is increased.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates a display device and a method compensating for deterioration thereof, and a mobile terminal including the display device. The display device includes: a display panel including a first pixel area, a second pixel area, and a third pixel area; a first optical device disposed below the display panel or embedded within the display panel in a predetermined sensing area on the display panel, the first optical device facing at least a portion of the first pixel area and a portion of the second pixel area when the display panel is folded or moved; and a pixel deterioration compensation circuit configured to operate to reduce a luminance difference between the first pixel area and the second pixel area by receiving sensing data from the first optical device in a deterioration sensing mode.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a substrate treating apparatus comprising: a vessel part having a substrate treatment region formed therein and including a supply port through which a treating fluid is supplied to the substrate treatment region and an exhaust port through which the treating fluid is exhausted from the substrate treatment region; a fluid supply unit configured to supply the treating fluid to the substrate treatment region; an exhaust unit configured to exhaust the treating fluid from the vessel part. The exhaust unit comprises: a main line connected to the exhaust port; an extension line branched from at least one of first and second nodes of the main line and including at least one of a first orifice or a first check valve to control an exhaust speed; and an auxiliary line branched from a third node of the main line, where an orifice and a check valve are not formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wearable pressure ulcer detection sensor, and the wearable pressure ulcer detection sensor according to the present invention includes a pressure sensor measuring pressure based on a change in capacitance caused by physical force, a temperature sensor measuring temperature based on a change in electrical conductivity due to electron hopping, and an impedance sensor including two electrodes spaced apart from each other and in contact with skin.

Abstract: A conductive composite material, a method of preparing the same, and a secondary battery including the same. The conductive composite material may increase the proportion of an active material when forming an electrode by chemically bonding a conductive material and a binder to each other. A method of preparing the conductive composite material comprises ionizing carbon-based particles in a predetermined polarity, ionizing PTFE particles in a polarity different from that of the carbon-based particles, and chemically bonding the ionized carbon-based particles and the ionized PTFE particles, which are ionized in different polarities, to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for a multi-cloud service platform. The apparatus includes one or more processors and executable memory for storing at least one program executed by the one or more processors. The at least one program may receive a service request from a user client device, generate a multi-cloud infrastructure service using multiple clouds in response to the service request, make the multiple clouds interoperate with mufti-cloud infrastructure in order to provide the multi-cloud infrastructure service, and generate a multi-cloud application runtime environment corresponding to the multi-cloud infrastructure service.

Abstract: A positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery has improved electron conductivity and surface stability because oxidation-treated carbon nanotubes are stably attached to the surface of an active material. According to one embodiment the positive electrode material includes a positive electrode active material core made of a Li—Ni—Co—Mn-M-O-based material (M=transition metal) and an oxidized carbon nanotube coating layer formed on the surface of the positive electrode active material core and including 1% to 3% by weight of oxidation-treated carbon nanotubes (OCNT) relative to 100% by weight of the positive electrode active material core.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating method. The substrate treating method includes pre-treating a substrate by cleaning the substrate; etching the substrate by supplying an etchant and heating a substrate supplied with the etchant; and post-treating the substrate after the etching the substrate, and wherein the pre-treating the substrate, the etching the substrate, and the post-treating the substrate are each performed in different chambers, a substrate on which the pre-treating the substrate is completed is transferred in a dry state to a chamber at which the etching the substrate is performed, and a substrate on which the etching the substrate is completed is transferred in a wetted state with a liquid to a chamber at which the post-treating the substrate is performed.

Abstract: A positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery and a manufacturing method therefor are provided. The positive electrode material may have carbon nanotubes stably attached to a surface of an active material and may exhibit increased electron conductivity and improved surface stability. The positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery may comprises: a positive electrode active material core comprising a Li—Ni—Co—Mn-M-O-based material, where M is a transition metal; and a carbon nanotube coating layer on a surface of the positive electrode active material core. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) may be in an amount of 1-5 wt %, based on 100 wt % of the positive electrode active material core.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: A method of reinforcement learning of a neural network device for generating a verification vector for verifying a circuit design comprising a circuit block includes inputting a test vector to the circuit block, generating one or more rewards based on a coverage corresponding to the test vector, the coverage being determined based on a state transition of the circuit block based on the test vector, and applying the one or more rewards to a reinforcement learning.

Abstract: An embodiment sulfur dioxide-based inorganic electrolyte is provided in which the sulfur dioxide-based inorganic electrolyte is represented by a chemical formula M·(A1·Cl(4-x)Fx)z·ySO2. In this formula, M is a first element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Ca, and Mg, A1 is a second element selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe, Ga, and Cu, x satisfies a first equation 0?x?4, y satisfies a second equation 0?y?6, and z satisfies a third equation 1?z?2.

Abstract: A display device includes a base substrate including a display area and a non-display area at a periphery of the display area; a first signal wiring on the non-display area of the base substrate and including a first wiring part and a second wiring part connected to the first wiring part; and a printed circuit board including a lead wiring on the first signal wiring. The second wiring part includes an open part passing through a surface of the second wiring part in a thickness direction, the second wiring part includes a long side extending along a first direction and a short side extending along a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a separation distance between the open part and an end of the short side of the second wiring part in the first direction is within about 0.4 times the long side of the second wiring part.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a substrate includes a process chamber having a treatment space for treating the substrate; a fluid supply unit for supplying fluid to the treatment space, wherein the fluid supply unit includes: a supply pipe connected to the treatment space to supply the fluid to the treatment space; a pump installed in the supply pipe to provide flow pressure to the fluid; a vent line installed between the pump and the process chamber to discharge pressure in the fluid to an outside; a relief valve installed in the vent line to open and close the vent line; and a reservoir installed between the pump and a branch point wherein the vent line branches from the supply pipe, wherein the reservoir has a cross-sectional area larger than a cross-sectional area of a portion of the supply pipe located between the pump and the branch point.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting a substrate includes a rotatable spin head that supports the substrate, a hollow shaft that is connected with the spin head and that transmits torque to the spin head, a nozzle assembly that is disposed in an interior space of the spin head so as not to rotate and that supplies a treatment liquid to a backside of the substrate, and a sealing member that seals a gap between the spin head and the nozzle assembly using a magnetic fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating a substrate. The method for treating a substrate comprises: treating the substrate with liquid; and drying the liquid-treated substrate, and the liquid treatment step includes: a first liquid supply step of supplying a first liquid to an upper surface of the rotating substrate; and a second liquid supply step of supplying a second liquid to an upper surface of the rotating substrate, and in the second liquid supply step, a rotation speed of the substrate is adjusted such that the second liquid supplied on the substrate flows from a central region of the substrate to an edge region of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for treating a substrate. The apparatus for treating the substrate includes a liquid treating chamber for liquid-treating the substrate by supplying a treatment liquid to the substrate, a drying chamber for drying the substrate by supplying a process fluid to the substrate, a transfer unit for transferring the substrate between the liquid treating chamber and the drying chamber, and a rear surface cleaning unit for cleaning a rear surface of the substrate, in which the rear surface cleaning unit may clean the rear surface of the substrate while transferring the substrate from the liquid treating chamber to the drying chamber.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes a housing for providing a treating space for treating a substrate within; a support unit for supporting the substrate in the treating space; a bottom supply port for supplying a process fluid to the treating space; and a filler member positioned below the substrate supported on the support unit in the treating space, and wherein the filler member forms a buffer space facing the bottom supply port, and a passage is formed between the filler member and an inner wall of the housing and flows the process fluid which is introduced to the buffer space in a direction of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a hybrid structure using a graphene-carbon nanotube and a perovskite solar cell using the same. The hybrid structure includes a graphene-carbon nanotube formed by laminating a second graphene coated with a polymer on an upper surface of a first graphene coated with a carbon nanotube. The perovskite solar cell includes: a substrate; a first electrode formed on the substrate and including a fluorine doped thin oxide (FTO); an electron transfer layer formed on the first electrode and including a compact-titanium oxide (c-TiO2); a mesoporous-titanium oxide (m-TiO2) formed on the electron transfer layer; a perovskite layer formed on the m-TiO2 and including a perovskite compound; and a graphene-carbon nanotube hybrid structure formed on the perovskite layer.